Search results for "induced"

showing 10 items of 1287 documents

Nonmonotonic behavior of spatiotemporal pattern formation in a noisy Lotka-Volterra system

2004

The noise-induced pattern formation in a population dynamical model of three interacting species in the coexistence regime is investigated. A coupled map lattice of Lotka-Volterra equations in the presence of multiplicative noise is used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution. The spatial correlation of the species concentration as a function of time and of the noise intensity is investigated. A nonmonotonic behavior of the area of the patterns as a function of both noise intensity and evolution time is found.

Coupled Map LatticeSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Noise-induced pattern formationMultiplicative noiseQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionFOS: Physical sciencesInteracting speciesCoupled Map Lattice; Multiplicative noise; Noise-induced pattern formation; Interacting speciesCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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The nature of Lambda (1405) hyperon resonance in chiral dynamics

2010

10th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics. Tokai, JAPAN, SEP 14-18, 2009

CouplingPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsKaon induced Lambda (1405) productionNuclear TheoryScatteringHadronSpectrum (functional analysis)HyperonStructure of Lambda (1405)FOS: Physical sciencesFísicaResonance (particle physics)Spectral lineNuclear Theory (nucl-th)K(K)over-barN quasibound stateChiral unitary modelHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massAtomic physics
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Nonlinear pulse deceleration using photorefractive four-wave mixing

2009

We investigate the possibilities of the backward four-wave coupling based on the nonlocal photorefractive response for the nonlinear deceleration of light pulses. The presence of an additional external variable parameter—the pump intensity ratio—allows to improve the output characteristics of the decelerated pulses compared to those typical of the two-wave coupling. In particular, large delay times of the output pulses can be achieved without their strong amplification. This positive distinctive feature of the pulse deceleration occurs far from threshold of the mirrorless optical oscillation.

CouplingPhysicsbusiness.industryElectromagnetically induced transparencyOscillationNonlinear opticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPhotorefractive effectPulse shapingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)Four-wave mixingOpticsbusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Fraser syndrome: epidemiological study in a European population

2013

Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cryptophthalmos, cutaneous syndactyly, laryngeal, and urogenital malformations. We present a population-based epidemiological study using data provided by the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) network of birth defect registries. Between January 1990 and December 2008, we identified 26 cases of Fraser syndrome in the monitored population of 12, 886, 464 births (minimal estimated prevalence of 0.20 per 100, 000 or 1:495, 633 births). Most cases (18/26 ; 69%) were registered in the western part of Europe, where the mean prevalence is 1 in 230, 695 births, compared to the prevalence 1 in 1, 091, 175 fo…

CryptophthalmosMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyAnorectal anomaliesPopulationprevalencePrevalencePrenatal diagnosisinduced abortionCongenital abnormalitiesPregnancyInduced abortionGeneticsPrevalenceMedicineHumansCRITERIASyndactylyRegistriesPRENATAL-DIAGNOSISeducationFraser syndromeRenal agenesisGenetics (clinical)education.field_of_studycongenital abnormalitiesprenatal diagnosisFraser syndrome; epidemiology; prevalence; congenital abnormalities; prenatal diagnosis; induced abortionbusiness.industryObstetricsMUTATIONSInfant Newbornmedicine.diseaseBilateral Renal AgenesisEuropeEpidemiologic StudiesCRYPTOPHTHALMOSFemaleepidemiologyFraser syndromebusiness
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<title>Formation of dislocations and hardening of LiF crystals irradiated with energetic Au, Bi, Pb, and S ions</title>

2003

The irradiation of LiF crystals with Au, Pb, Bi, and S ions in the range of 400 - 2200 MeV leads to a remarkable increase of the hardness. The effect appears for Bi and Pb ions at fluences above 109 ions/cm2 and for S ions above 1010 ions/cm2. The increase of hardness follows the energy loss and is related to the formation of defects along the ion path. Defect complexes, clusters and aggregates with nanoscale dimensions serve as strong obstacles for dislocations and cause dispersion strengthening. Structural investigations reveal the generation of long-range stress in the adjacent non-irradiated part of the crystal. Close to the implantation zone, the stress exceeds the yield strength, caus…

CrystalMaterials sciencechemistryHardening (metallurgy)Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementWork hardeningIrradiationAtomic physicsLaser-induced fluorescenceNanoscopic scaleBismuthIonSPIE Proceedings
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<title>Heavy-ion induced damage and reduction of dislocation mobility in LiF single crystals</title>

2006

Ion-induced reduction of dislocation mobility in LiF crystals irradiated with swift heavy (U) and light (Ni) ions of a specific energy of 11 MeV per nucleon at fluences between 106 and 1011 ions/cm2 was studied. The arm length of dislocation rosettes produced by indentation on (100) irradiated surface was measured. It has been found that in the case of heavy ions the threshold fluence (106 ions/cm2) for impeding of dislocation arms is about 3 orders of magnitude lower than that for light ions. The results indicate that ion-induced defect aggregates play the dominating role in the impeding of dislocations. Heavy ions, which produce defect aggregates in the track core, cause also a stronger e…

CrystallographyMaterials sciencePhysics::Plasma PhysicsRadiation damageSurface modificationIrradiationOrders of magnitude (numbers)DislocationLaser-induced fluorescenceFluenceMolecular physicsIonSPIE Proceedings
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Modification of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-Interaction-Stabilized Domain Wall Chirality by Driving Currents

2018

We measure and analyze the chirality of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-interaction (DMI) stabilized spin textures in multilayers of $\mathrm{Ta}|{\mathrm{Co}}_{20}{\mathrm{F}}_{60}{\mathrm{B}}_{20}|\mathrm{MgO}$. The effective DMI is measured experimentally using domain wall motion measurements, both in the presence (using spin-orbit torques) and absence of driving currents (using magnetic fields). We observe that the current-induced domain wall motion yields a change in effective DMI magnitude and opposite domain wall chirality when compared to field-induced domain wall motion (without current). We explore this effect, which we refer to as current-induced DMI, by providing possible explanations for…

Current (mathematics)Current-inducedGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesSpin currents02 engineering and technology-01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Spin current0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)ddc:55022 Física010306 general physicsDomain Wall ChiralitySpin-½PhysicsCondensed matter physicsfísicaCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsTheoretical predictionsPhysics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic fieldDomain wall (magnetism)Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-interaction (DMI)0210 nano-technologyChirality (chemistry)Field-induced domainDzyaloshinskii-Moriya-interaction
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On/Off Photoswitching in a Cyanide-Bridged {Fe2Co2} Magnetic Molecular Square

2013

International audience; A repeatable bidirectional paramagnetic ↔ diamagnetic photomagnetic effect has been observed in the cyanide-bridged Fe-Co square complex {[Fe{B(pz)(4)}(CN)(3)](2)[Co(bik)(2)](2)}(ClO(4))(2)*3H(2)O [B(pz)(4) = tetrapyrazolylborate, bik = bis(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)ketone]. Magnetic measurements and low-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments have shown that a complete electron transfer from the diamagnetic Fe(II)-Co(III) state to the paramagnetic Fe(III)-Co(II) metastable state is induced by 808 nm laser light irradiation, whereas the diamagnetic state is recovered in an almost quantitative yield under irradiation at 532 nm.

CyanideINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFERTRANSITIONSRELAXATION010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCOBALT-IRON CYANIDECatalysisPHOTOINDUCED MAGNETIZATIONParamagnetismchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistryMetastability[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyIrradiationALKALI-METAL-IONPRUSSIAN BLUE ANALOGS010405 organic chemistryChemistryRelaxation (NMR)Photomagnetic effectGeneral Chemistry3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCOSOLID-STATECrystallographyDiamagnetismJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Compromising mitochondrial function with the antiretroviral drug efavirenz induces cell survival-promoting autophagy

2011

Hepatotoxicity is a very common side effect associated with the pharmacological treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Efavirenz (EFV) is the most widely used nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor administered for the control of HIV and some of its toxic effects in hepatic cells have been recently shown to display features of mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we studied the activation of autophagy and, in particular, mitophagy, the main mitochondrial turnover mechanism, in human hepatic cells treated with clinically relevant concentrations of this drug. EFV-treated cells had altered mitochondria, characterized by a relative…

CyclopropanesEfavirenzHepatologyAnti-HIV AgentsCell SurvivalMitochondrial TurnoverAutophagyVacuoleMitochondrionBiologyBenzoxazinesMitochondriaCell biologychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryApoptosisAlkynesMitophagyAutophagyCancer researchHepatic stellate cellHumansChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryHeLa CellsHepatology
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Effects of exercise training and montelukast in children with mild asthma

2008

Data from the general population suggest that habitual exercise decreases bronchial responsiveness, but the possible role of exercise in asthmatics is undefined. The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast decreases bronchial responsiveness and exercise-induced symptoms in asthmatic children. This randomized study in children with mild asthma evaluated the combined effects of aerobic training for 12 wk and montelukast or placebo on bronchial responsiveness (BHR) to methacholine, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and asthma exacerbations.Fifty children (mean age +/- SD: 10.2 +/- 2.4 yr) with mild stable asthma were random…

CyclopropanesMaleQuinolineAcetatesSettore BIO/09 - Fisiologiaimmune system diseasesMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAnti-Asthmatic AgentsChildMethacholine ChlorideLeukotrieneeducation.field_of_studyrespiratory systemExercise TherapyAsthma Exercise-InducedBreath TestsItalyExhalationAnesthesiaQuinolinesFemalemedicine.drugHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyBreath TestBronchoconstrictionPopulationPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationPhysical exerciseSulfidesSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioInternal medicineAerobic exerciseHumansAnti-Asthmatic AgenteducationMontelukastAsthmabusiness.industryLeukotriene receptorAcetateBronchospirometrymedicine.diseaseAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesPhysical FitnessPhysical FitneExercise TestMethacholinebusiness
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