Search results for "infection."

showing 10 items of 3649 documents

Therapeutic Opportunities in Intestinal Microbiota–Virus Interactions

2018

The host microbiota has emerged a third player in interactions between hosts and viral pathogens. This opens new possibilities to use different tools to modulate the intestinal microbial composition, aimed at reducing the risk of or treating viral enteric infections.

0301 basic medicineAdultRotavirusIntestinal microbiotavirusesMicrobiologiaHisto-blood group antigensBioengineeringBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiotecnologiaVirusRotavirus InfectionsMicrobiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemRotavirusmedicineAnimalsHumansSpecific Pathogen Free OrganismCaliciviridae InfectionsHost (biology)ProbioticsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeNorovirusGastrointestinal MicrobiomeSpecific Pathogen-Free OrganismsVirusGastrointestinal Tract030104 developmental biologyCaliciviridae InfectionsChild PreschoolImmune SystemHost-Pathogen InteractionsNorovirus030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyBiotechnology
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Head, Neck, and Abdominopelvic Septic Thrombophlebitis: Current Evidence and Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment.

2020

AbstractSeptic thrombophlebitis (STP) is a complex, cross-disciplinary clinical condition that combines a localized infection with a neighboring venous thrombosis. STP can occur at several possible anatomic sites, such as dural sinuses, jugular vein (Lemierre syndrome), portal vein (pylephlebitis), and pelvic veins. Its high mortality in the preantibiotic era improved considerably with the introduction of modern antibiotics. However, little evidence exists to date to guide its clinical management. The incidence of STP or its risk factors may be increasing, and its mortality may still be considerable. These trends would have far-reaching implications, especially in the setting of increasing …

0301 basic medicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPylephlebitismedicine.drug_class030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyThrombophlebitisPelvis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsJugular veinSepsisAbdomenMedicineHumansSeptic thrombophlebitisIntensive care medicineVenous Thrombosisbusiness.industryPortal VeinIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceAnticoagulantAnticoagulantsHematologyBacterial InfectionsLemierre SyndromeThrombophlebitismedicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsVenous thrombosis030104 developmental biologyObservational studyDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleJugular VeinsbusinessHeadNeckHamostaseologie
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Observational prospective study on Lactobacillus plantarum P 17630 in the prevention of vaginal infections, during and after systemic antibiotic ther…

2018

We performed a prospective cohort parallel observational study on the use of Lactobacillus plantarum P 17630 in the prevention of vaginal infections. Eligible were women with a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (15 days) and documented history of recurrent vaginal infections; and/or cystitis (15 days); and/or treatment with antibiotics for bacterial respiratory tract infections during the week before the study entry. Study subjects were prescribed Lactobacillus plantarum P 17630  100.000.000 UFC one vaginal capsule per day for 6 days, then a capsule per week for 16 weeks. Eligible subjects were enrolled in two parallel cohorts: 85 women using (group A) and 39 not using (group B) Lactobacillu…

0301 basic medicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_class030106 microbiologyAntibioticsPopulationGroup B03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineCystitismedicineSecondary PreventionHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyeducationVaginitisRespiratory Tract Infectionseducation.field_of_studybiologyGenitourinary systembusiness.industryProbioticsPreventionfood and beveragesObstetrics and GynecologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification030205 complementary & alternative medicineAnti-Bacterial AgentsObservational studyFemaleBacterial vaginosisbusinessbacterial vaginosis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Prevention; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cystitis; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Probiotics; Prospective Studies; Respiratory Tract Infections; Secondary Prevention; Vaginitis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Obstetrics and GynecologyLactobacillus plantarumbacterial vaginosis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Preventionbacterial vaginosisLactobacillus plantarum
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Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathog…

2019

Producción Científica

0301 basic medicineAgricultural BiotechnologyPerformanceInternational Cooperation1ST REPORTlcsh:Medicinediagnostica PCR protocolli PCR trasferibilità patologia forestale patogeni fungini fusarium circinatum malattie emergenti / PCR diagnostics protocol transferability emerging tree diseases fungal forest pathogensPolymerase Chain ReactionPine pitch cankerlaw.invention0302 clinical medicineFusariumlawChancro resinoso del pinoFalse positive paradoxDNA Fungallcsh:SciencePathogenPolymerase chain reactionPinus radiataEnfermedades fúngicas - DiagnósticoMultidisciplinaryAgricultural SciencesCausal agentPathogenic fungusPitch Canker disease3. Good healthOther Agricultural SciencesTests PCRGibberella-CircinataFusariumPolymerase-Chain-ReactionDNA PlantPlantationsBOTANICATransferabilityFusarium circinatumBiologyPitch cankerno key wordsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityArticleREAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PITCH CANKER DISEASE; CAUSAL AGENT; GIBBERELLA-CIRCINATA; 1ST REPORT; QUANTIFICATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PLANTATIONS; PERFORMANCE03 medical and health sciencesGibberella circinataQuantificationQuarantineDiagnóstico de enfermedad fungicaFalse Positive ReactionsFungal infections - DiagnosisMolecular BiologyPlant DiseasesInvasive speciesbusiness.industrylcsh:RReproducibility of ResultsPinusbiology.organism_classificationPCR-based testsBiotechnology030104 developmental biology3106 Ciencia ForestalSusceptibilitylcsh:QReal-Time PCRbusinessPCR-based techniques030217 neurology & neurosurgeryScientific Reports
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Simultaneous infection of cattle with different Anaplasma phagocytophilum variants.

2019

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-transmitted Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates in neutrophil granulocytes. It causes tick-borne fever in cattle and sheep. We report here the case of a 5-year-old cow from Germany with clinically overt granulocytic anaplasmosis presenting with fever, lower limb oedema and drop in milk-yield. The herd encompassed 10 animals, 8 other animals showed subclinical infection. The strains from the 9 A. phagocytophilum positive cows were molecularly characterized using ankA gene-based and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Seven of 9 (78%) animals were infected simultaneously with different ankA variants belonging to ankA clusters I and…

0301 basic medicineAnaplasmosis030231 tropical medicineCattle DiseasesBiologymedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineparasitic diseasesmedicineAnimalsPhylogenySubclinical infectionObligateEhrlichiosisGenetic Variationbacterial infections and mycosesmedicine.disease16S ribosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationAnaplasma phagocytophilum030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesInsect ScienceSuperinfectionHerdbacteriaMultilocus sequence typingParasitologyCattleFemaleAnaplasmosisAnaplasma phagocytophilumMultilocus Sequence TypingTicks and tick-borne diseases
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Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections in Schoolchildren of Laguna de Perlas (Nicaragua).

2016

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) prevalence, intensity, polyparasitism and co-infections in 425 children from 3 schools of Laguna de Perlas (Nicaragua) were investigated. Single stool samples were analysed by the formalin-ether method and the Kato-Katz. A total of 402 (94.6%) children were infected. Trichuris trichiura 308 (72.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides 115 (27.1%) and Hookworms 54 (12.7%) were the most prevalent STHs. Polyparasitism (322; 75.8%) with two species was most prevalent (109; 25.6%). T. trichiura with A. lumbricoides (19.3%) and T. trichiura with Hookworm (6.8%) were the most common combinations. Positive associations were observed between T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides and T. t…

0301 basic medicineAncylostomatoideaVeterinary medicineAdolescentTrichuriasis030231 tropical medicineHelminthiasisHelminthiasisNicaragua03 medical and health sciencesFecesHookworm InfectionsSoil0302 clinical medicineEnvironmental protectionAscariasisparasitic diseasesmedicinePrevalenceHelminthsAnimalsHumansTrichuriasisAscaris lumbricoidesChildAscariasisSchoolsbiologybusiness.industryCoinfectionmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesTrichurisHookworm InfectionsPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthCoinfectionTrichuris trichiuraFemaleAscaris lumbricoidesbusinessJournal of tropical pediatrics
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Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Cardiovascular Patients at the Time of COVID19: Much Ado for Nothing? A Statement of Activity from the Directo…

2020

Cardiovascular diseases, in particular hypertension, as well as the cardiovascular treatment with Renin-Angiotensin System inhibitors such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), are claimed once again as mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) during the COVID-19 outbreak due to Cov-2 epidemics. In vitro studies are available to support the eventual role of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in both the promotion and antagonism of the disease. The available literature, indeed, presents contrasting results, all concentrated in experimental models. Evidence in humans is lacking that those mechanisms are actually occurring in the present…

0301 basic medicineAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsDiseaseoutcomescardiovascular diseases; COVID-19; hypertension; infection; outcomes; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; SARS-CoV-2; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Coronavirus Infections; Pandemics; Pneumonia Viral; Renin-Angiotensin SystemRenin-Angiotensin System0302 clinical medicinecardiovascular diseaseViralAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsbiologyAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistAntihypertensive AgentItalyoutcomeAngiotensin Receptor BlockersCoronavirus InfectionsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyhypertensionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Pneumonia ViralBetacoronavirusAngiotensin Receptor Antagonists03 medical and health sciencesPharmacotherapyRenin–angiotensin systemInternal MedicinemedicineHumansIntensive care medicinePandemicsAntihypertensive Agentsoutcomes.BetacoronaviruPandemicCoronavirus InfectionSARS-CoV-2business.industryOutbreakCOVID-19Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorAngiotensin-converting enzymePneumoniacardiovascular diseases; COVID-19; hypertension; infection; outcomesinfectioncardiovascular diseases030104 developmental biologybiology.proteincardiovascular diseases; COVID-19; hypertension; infection; outcomes; betacoronavirus; cardiovascular diseases; humans; hypertension; Italy; angiotensin receptor antagonists; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; antihypertensive agents; coronavirus infections; pandemics; pneumonia viral; renin-angiotensin systembusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Subclinical gut inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis

2015

Purpose of review Subclinical gut inflammation has been described in a significant proportion of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), up to 10% of them developing it during the time of clinically overt inflammatory bowel disease. Histologic, immunologic, and intestinal microbiota alterations characterize the AS gut. Recent findings Microbial dysbiosis as well as alterations of innate immune responses have been demonstrated in the gut of AS. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence suggests that the gut of AS patients may be actively involved in the pathogenesis of AS through the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-23p19, and the differentiation of potentially pathogenic…

0301 basic medicineAnkylosing spondylitis; Gut inflammation; Innate lymphoid cells; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-23; Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Cytokines; Disease Models Animal; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Immunity Innate; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestines; Macrophages; Mice; Spondylitis Ankylosing; Rheumatology; Medicine (all)MacrophageAdaptive ImmunityInterleukin-23Inflammatory bowel diseaseGastroenterologyMiceInterleukin 23InnateMedicineSubclinical infectionMedicine (all)Interleukin-17digestive oral and skin physiologyInnate lymphoid cellIntestineIntestinesCytokinesmedicine.symptomHumanAnkylosingmedicine.medical_specialtyDisease ModelInflammationdigestive system03 medical and health sciencesRheumatologyInternal medicineInnate lymphoid cellAnimalsHumansSpondylitis AnkylosingCytokineSpondylitisGut inflammationSpondylitiInflammationAnkylosing spondylitisAnimalbusiness.industryMacrophagesInflammatory Bowel DiseaseImmunityInflammatory Bowel Diseasesmedicine.diseaseImmunity InnateDysbiosiGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAnkylosing spondylitiDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyDysbiosisbusinessDysbiosisCurrent Opinion in Rheumatology
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Candida blood stream infections observed between 2011 and 2016 in a large Italian University Hospital: A time-based retrospective analysis on epidemi…

2019

Candida bloodstream infection (BSI) represents a growing infective problem frequently associated to biofilm production due to the utilization of intravascular devices. Candida species distribution (n = 612 strains), their biofilm production and hospital antifungal drug consumption were evaluated in different wards of a tertiary care academic hospital in Italy during the years 2011–2016. In the considered time window, an increasing number of Candida BSI (p = 0.005) and of biofilm producing strains were observed (p<0.0001). Although C. albicans was the species more frequently isolated in BSI with a major biofilm production, an increased involvement of non-albicans species was reported, partic…

0301 basic medicineAntifungal AgentsTime FactorsAntifungal drugYeast and Fungal ModelsPathology and Laboratory Medicinelaw.inventionHospitals Universitychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinelawAmphotericin BMedicine and Health Sciences030212 general & internal medicineAmphotericinFluconazoleCandidaFungal PathogensPrincipal Component AnalysisMultidisciplinaryAntimicrobialsQCandidiasisREukaryotaDrugsIntensive care unitHospitalsCorpus albicansIntensive Care UnitsExperimental Organism SystemsItalyMedical MicrobiologyEngineering and TechnologyMedicinePathogensResearch ArticleBiotechnologymedicine.drugCandida Candida bloodstream infection biofilm antifungal agents drug susceptibilityCathetersScience030106 microbiologyBioengineeringMycologyMicrobial Sensitivity TestsResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesMicrobial ControlmedicineCandida AlbicansHumansMicrobial PathogensRetrospective StudiesPharmacologyVoriconazoleAntifungalsbusiness.industryOrganismsFungiBiofilmBiology and Life SciencesYeastHealth CarechemistryHealth Care FacilitiesBiofilmsAnimal StudiesMedical Devices and EquipmentAntimicrobial ResistanceCaspofunginbusinessFluconazolePLOS ONE
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Candida thrombophlebitis in children: a systematic review of the literature

2020

Abstract Objective To describe a case of thrombophlebitis associated with Candida infection and to analyze other published reports to define clinical characteristics, prognostic data, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Study design A computerized search was performed without language restriction using PubMed and Scopus databases. An article was considered eligible for inclusion if it reported cases with Candida thrombophlebitis. Our case was also included in the analysis. Results A total of 16 articles reporting 27 cases of Candida thrombophlebitis were included in our review. The median age of patients was 4 years. In 10 cases there was a thrombophlebitis of peripheral veins; in the re…

0301 basic medicineAntifungal Agentsmedicine.medical_treatmentReviewThrombophlebitislaw.invention0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorslawAmphotericin BThrombosis.030212 general & internal medicineChildPersistent feverAntifungal therapyChildrenCandidaHospital-acquired infectionsCross InfectionAnticoagulantCandidiasislcsh:RJ1-570PrognosisIntensive care unitThrombosisChild PreschoolCentral venous cathetermedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtySepsimedicine.drug_class030106 microbiologySepsis03 medical and health sciencesAmphotericin BSepsisInternal medicinemedicineHumansEnoxaparinbusiness.industryAnticoagulantsThrombosislcsh:PediatricsThrombophlebitisNewbornmedicine.diseaseHospital-acquired infectionParenteral nutritionPhlebitisbusinessItalian Journal of Pediatrics
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