Search results for "inflammation"
showing 10 items of 2662 documents
711 Pancreatic Exocrine Function in Allergic Children
2010
Background and aims: The concentration of human pancreatic elastase1 in faeces reflects exocrine pancreatic function. Patients with allergy may have damaged intestinal mucosa or inflammation within the duodenal mucosa that could be associated with pancreatic dysfunction and disturbed digestion of allergens (that are mainly of protein origin). The aim of the study was to compare pancreatic function in allergic patients and children without allergy. Methods: The total patient sample consisted of 109 children, aged 1-10 yrs (mean age 5.2): 49 children were having allergy while 60 were healthy children or children with minor health problems. Faecal samples were gathered and the activity of huma…
Estradiol or genistein prevent Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation correlating with an increase PPAR gamma expression in cultured astrocytes.
2009
Inflammation has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main inflammatory players in AD are the glial cells which initiate the inflammatory response. One of the earliest neuropathological changes in AD is the accumulation of astrocytes at sites of A beta deposition. It is desirable to find methods of tipping the balance towards anti-inflammatory state. Estrogenic compounds have shown anti-inflammatory and also antioxidant activity. Astrocytes were pretreated with 17-beta estradiol or with genistein, and 48 h later treated with 5 microM amyloid beta (A beta) for 24 h. We found that A beta induces inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase 2 (…
A10.18 Lack of Association of Serum Interleukin-17 and Interleukin-23 Levels with Disease Activity in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis in Latvia
2013
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a clinically well-known chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton and peripheral joints. The pathogenesis of this disease still remains a challenge. Determination of cytokine profile and its role involved in AS pathogenesis give an opportunity to extend the targeted therapeutic approach. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) are cytokines of interest in the investigation of the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritides although their importance in AS is not clearly defined. Objectives to investigate levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in a group of AS and in a demographically matched group of healthy subjects and its association with the diseas…
Magnesium and Alzheimer’s Disease
2015
Environmental factors, including nutrition and metal elements, are implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several in vitro and in vivo data indicate a role for magnesium (Mg) in many biological and clinical aspects of AD. Mg deficiency, aside from having a negative impact on the energy production pathways required by the mitochondria to generate adenosine triphosphate, also affects many biochemical mechanisms vital for neuronal properties and synaptic plasticity, including the response of N-methyl- d -aspartate receptors to excitatory amino acids, stability, and viscosity of the cell membrane. Mg also has an action as a mild calcium antagonist, and as an antioxidant …
Diabetes, oxidative stress and therapeutic strategies.
2014
Abstract Background Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. Scope of Review The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing evidence that excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. Oxidative stress results from either an increase in free radical production, or a decrease in endogenous antioxidant defenses, or both. ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are products of cellular metabolism and are well recognized for their dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. In type 2 diabetic patients, oxidative stress is closely associated with ch…
Evaluation of the Possible Contribution of Antioxidants Administration in Metabolic Syndrome
2011
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common, and its associated risk burdens of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a major public health problem. The hypothesis that main constituent parameters of the MetS share common pathophysiologic mechanisms provides a conceptual framework for the future research. Exercise and weight loss can prevent insulin resistance and reduce the risk of diseases associated with the MetS. Interrupting intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction could also contribute to normalizing the activation of metabolic pathways leading to the onset of diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular (CV) complications. On the other…
Chronic aspartame intake causes deficient glutathione synthesis and induces cxcl1 up-regulation in mice liver
2018
Reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion and inflammation have been linked to chronic aspartame consumption. However, the cause of aspartame-induced GSH depletion and the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in aspartame-triggered inflammation are still unknown. The aims of this research were to investigate if aspartame causes GSH depletion due to deficient synthesis and also which pro- and anti-inflammatory genes are involved in aspartame-related inflammation in mice liver. Mice were divided into three groups: control, aspartame (80 mg kg-1, v.o., 3 months), aspartame treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (1 mmol kg-1, i.p., last month). Aspartame markedly reduced GSH, γ-glutamylcysteine …
Does aspirin save lives in patients with COVID-19?
2021
‘An aspirin a day keeps the heart attack away’, is this also true in the prevention of thrombotic events associated with COVID-19? The rising COVID-19 pandemic has led to much work in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. COVID-19 infection is thought to be an endothelial disease. Supporting this concept, it has been suggested that infection with SARS-CoV-2, the aetiological agent for COVID-19 infection, leads to a state mimicking Virchow’s triad, that is, vascular endothelial injury, blood stasis and clotting in concert with systemic inflammation resulting in systemic thrombosis. In keeping with this concept, moderately and critically ill patients with COVID-19 have been…
Gut Microbiota, Obesity and Bariatric Surgery: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives.
2019
Background::There is an urgent need for a better understanding and management of obesity and obesity- associated diseases. It is known that obesity is associated with structural and functional changes in the microbiome.Methods::The purpose of this review is to present current evidence from animal and human studies, demonstrating the effects and the potential efficacy of microbiota modulation in improving obesity and associated metabolic dysfunctions.Results::This review discusses possible mechanisms linking gut microbiota dysbiosis and obesity, since there is a dual interaction between the two of them. Furthermore, comments on bariatric surgery, as a favourable model to understand the under…
Association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein levels and metabolic status in patients with a bip…
2022
OBJECTIVES Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are markers of inflammation that are elevated in bipolar disorder (BD) and are also related to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed at investigating for the first time the association between NLR, PLR, and CRP and the metabolic status in BD. METHODS We assessed the association between biomarkers and the metabolic status: number of metabolic risk factors, presence of MetS, insulin sensitivity (Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, QUICKI) and insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR index), in a sample of 219 outpa…