Search results for "information processing"
showing 10 items of 163 documents
Cognitive Mimetics for AI Ethics : Tacit Knowledge, Action Ontologies and Problem Restructuring
2020
Ethics and ethical information processing are an important problem for AI development. It is important for self-evident reasons, but also challenging in its’ implications and should be welcomed by designers and developers as an interesting technical challenge. This article explores AI ethics as a design problem and lays out how cognitive mimetics could be used a method for its design. AI ethics is conceptualized as a problem of implementation on the one hand, and as a problem of ethical contents on the other. From the viewpoint of human information processing, ethics becomes a special case of ethical information processing - one that has deep implications in terms of AI abilities and inform…
Hume’s Guillotine Resolved
2020
According to Hume’s guillotine, one cannot derive values from facts. Since intelligent systems are fact processors, one can ask how ethical machines can be possible. However, ethics is a real-life process. People analyze actions and situations emotionally and cognitively. Thus they learn rules, such as “this situation feels good/bad.” The cognitive analysis of actions is associated with emotional analysis. The association of action, emotion and cognition can be termed a primary ethical schema. Through an ethical information process in which emotions and cognitions interact in social discourse, primary ethical schemas are refined into ethical norms. Each component of the process is different…
Affective Mimetics, Emotional Information Space, and Metaverse
2021
Current technology design pursues applying human-like features to AI technologies. These attempts have faced many challenges due to the essential complexities of the human mind. Cognitive mimetics is a design approach to mimic human information processes in designing intelligent technologies. The focus is on mimicking cognition, human knowledge structures, and represented mental information contents which addresses a fundamental issue in technology design. However, cognition is one aspect of information processing in the human mind. Affective information processing also plays an essential role in addressing the meaningfulness of cognitive processes. This paper discusses affective mimetics (…
Generation of programmable 3D optical vortex structures through devil’s vortex-lens arrays
2013
Different spatial distributions of optical vortices have been generated and characterized by implementing arrays of devil's vortex lenses in a reconfigurable spatial light modulator. A simple design procedure assigns the preferred position and topological charge value to each vortex in the structure, tuning the desired angular momentum. Distributions with charges and momenta of the opposite sign have been experimentally demonstrated. The angular velocity exhibited by the phase distribution around the focal plane has been visualized, showing an excellent agreement with the simulations. The practical limits of the method, with interest for applications involving particle transfer and manipula…
Processing Information During Regressions: An Application of the Reverse Boundary-Change Paradigm.
2018
Although 10-15% of eye-movements during reading are regressions, we still know little about the information that is processed during regressive episodes. Here, we report an eye-movement study that uses what we call the "reverse boundary change technique" to examine the processing of lexical-semantic information during regressions, and to establish the role of this information during recovery from processing difficulty. In the critical condition of the experiment, an initially implausible sentence (e.g. "There was an old house that John had ridden when he was a boy.") was rendered plausible by changing a context word ("house") to a lexical neighbour ("horse") using a gaze-contingent display …
Application of Supervised Machine Learning for Behavioral Biomarkers of Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on Electrodermal Activity and Virtual Reality
2020
[EN] Objective: Sensory processing is the ability to capture, elaborate, and integrate information through the five senses and is impaired in over 90% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The ASD population shows hyper¿hypo sensitiveness to sensory stimuli that can generate alteration in information processing, affecting cognitive and social responses to daily life situations. Structured and semi-structured interviews are generally used for ASD assessment, and the evaluation relies on the examiner¿s subjectivity and expertise, which can lead to misleading outcomes. Recently, there has been a growing need for more objective, reliable, and valid diagnostic measures, such as biomar…
Career Adapt-Abilities Scale – Dual Career Form (CAAS-DC): psychometric properties and initial validation in high-school student-athletes
2016
Talented adolescent athletes attempting to sustain academic and vocational training alongside the increasing demands of their athletic career often encounter difficulties, including lower vocational readiness and the challenge of adapting to life after elite sport. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand the specific competencies that youth athletes can draw upon to successfully combine sport and education into a dual career pathway. Building on the existing Career Adapt-Abilities Scale [Savickas & Porfeli, (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661–673], we developed a …
Controlling Atom-Photon Bound States in an Array of Josephson-Junction Resonators
2022
Engineering the electromagnetic environment of a quantum emitter gives rise to a plethora of exotic light -matter interactions. In particular, photonic lattices can seed long-lived atom-photon bound states inside photonic band gaps. Here, we report on the concept and implementation of a novel microwave architecture consisting of an array of compact superconducting resonators in which we have embedded two frequency -tunable artificial atoms. We study the atom-field interaction and access previously unexplored coupling regimes, in both the single-and double-excitation subspace. In addition, we demonstrate coherent interactions between two atom-photon bound states, in both resonant and dispers…