Search results for "init"

showing 10 items of 6629 documents

MCSCF determination of the KO molecule ground state.

1992

Abstract Ab initio calculations at the MC/CASSCF level are used to determine in an accurate way the nature and position of the ground state of the KO molecule. The characteristic 2 Π and 2 Σ + alkali monoxide ionic states show a theoretical energy separation of about 0.04 eV, which produces opposite results by authors in favour of one or the other symmetry. We test the basis set dependence and active space dependence of the calculated energetical ordering of both states, with an extensive study of the active orbitais selection; the results show a ground state of 2 Σ + symmetry.

ChemistryIonic bondingElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryMolecular physicsDiatomic moleculeSymmetry (physics)Bond lengthAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateBasis setJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Photoinduced ultrafast dynamics of Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 films:The influence of sample preparation and experimental condit…

2004

In most of the previous ultrafast electron injection studies of Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 films, experimental conditions and sample preparation have been different from study to study and no studies of how the differences affect the observed dynamics have been reported. In the present paper, we have investigated the influence of such modifications. Pump photon density, environment of the sensitized film (solvent and air), and parameters of the film preparation (crystallinity and quality of the film) were varied in a systematic way and the obtained dynamics were compared to that of a well-defined reference sample:  Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2−TiO2 in acetonitrile. In some cases, …

ChemistryKineticsAnalytical chemistrysolar energyelectron transferNanocrystalline materialSurfaces Coatings and FilmsSolventDye-sensitized solar cellElectron transferCrystallinitychemistry.chemical_compounddye-sensitized solar cellsolar cellsMaterials Chemistryelectron injectionSample preparationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrile
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Interplay between Chemical Composition and Cation Ordering in the Magnetism of Ni/Fe Layered Double Hydroxides

2013

We report the synthesis of a family of ferrimagnetic NiFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with a variable Ni(2+)/Fe(3+) in-plane composition of [Ni(1-x)Fe(x)(OH)2](CO3)(x/2)·yH2O (x = 0.20, 0.25, and 0.33) by following a modified homogeneous precipitation. These layered magnets display high crystallinity, homogeneous hexagonal morphologies, and micrometric size that enable their quantitative exfoliation into single layers by sonomechanical treatment of the solids in polar solvents. This was confirmed by dynamic light scattering, UV-vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron miscroscopy, and atomic force microscopy methodologies to study the resulting steady suspensions. Our ma…

ChemistryMagnetismLayered double hydroxidesMineralogy02 engineering and technologyCoercivityengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryCrystallinityCrystallography13. Climate actionFerrimagnetismMössbauer spectroscopyengineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologySpectroscopySpontaneous magnetizationInorganic Chemistry
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Experimental evidence for fractional time evolution in glass forming materials

2002

The infinitesimal generator of time evolution in the standard equation for exponential (Debye) relaxation is replaced with the infinitesimal generator of composite fractional translations. Composite fractional translations are defined as a combination of translation and the fractional time evolution introduced in [Physica A, 221 (1995) 89]. The fractional differential equation for composite fractional relaxation is solved. The resulting dynamical susceptibility is used to fit broad band dielectric spectroscopy data of glycerol. The composite fractional susceptibility function can exhibit an asymmetric relaxation peak and an excess wing at high frequencies in the imaginary part. Nevertheless…

ChemistryMathematical analysisTime evolutionGeneral Physics and AstronomyDielectricExponential functionFractional calculussymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicssymbolsExponentRelaxation (physics)Infinitesimal generatorPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDebyeChemical Physics
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Soluble oligo(phenylenevinylene)s with electron withdrawing substituents for the use in light emitting diodes

2000

Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) and its derivatives are one of the most widely used classes of phosphors in light emitting diodes. Central problems are the imbalanced charge carrier injection and transport properties due to the high lying conduction band. A series of good soluble oligo(phenylenevinylene)s (OPV) with five benzene rings and a variety of electron withdrawing and accepting substituents have been prepared and may serve as model compounds for PPV with increased electron affinity. The central ring of the OPVs is substituted with two octyloxy groups to ensure good solubility and the lateral styrene units carry further chromophoric groups of different electronic character. The synth…

ChemistryMechanical EngineeringAuxochromeMetals and AlloysChromophoreCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensation reactionPhotochemistryFluorescenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsUltraviolet visible spectroscopyMechanics of MaterialsElectron affinityMaterials ChemistryPolar effectKnoevenagel condensationSynthetic Metals
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Atomic and electronic structure of both perfect and nanostructured Ni(111) surfaces: First-principles calculations

2011

article i nfo In this study, we perform first principles simulations on both atomically smooth and nanostructured Ni(111) slabs. The latter contains periodically distributed nickel nanoclusters atop a thin metal film gradually growing from adatoms and serving as a promising catalyst. Applying the generalized gradient approximation within the formalism of the density functional theory we compare the atomic and electronic structures of Ni bulk, as well as both perfect and nanostructured (111) surfaces obtained using two different ab initio approaches: (i) the linear combination of atomic orbitals and (ii) the projector augmented plane waves. The most essential inter-atomic forces between the …

ChemistryMetals and AlloysAb initioSurfaces and InterfacesElectronic structureCarbon nanotubeEffective nuclear chargeSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNanoclusterslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsLinear combination of atomic orbitalsChemical physicsComputational chemistrylawPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryDensity functional theoryThin Solid Films
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Molecular structure of p -methylaniline and its van der Waals complexes with CF 3 H, CH 4 and CF 4 studied by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy…

2002

The UV fluorescence excitation and dispersed fluorescence spectra of jet-cooled p-methylaniline have been obtained for the S1←S0 transition. The main spectral bands have been assigned by comparison with those of other relevant substituted benzenes and with the help of computed vibrational frequencies. The structure of p-methylaniline in both the S0 and S1 states has been studied at ab initio quantum chemical calculations at MP2 and CIS levels of theory using the 6-31+G∗ basis sets. Both low- and high-resolution laser induced fluorescence spectra of p-methylaniline van der Waals complexes with CF3H, CH4 and CF4 have been characterised following jet-expansion investigations. The equilibrium g…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryAb initioMethylanilineFluorescenceAnalytical ChemistryInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodssymbolsMoleculePhysical chemistryvan der Waals forceLaser-induced fluorescenceGround stateSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Ab initioanalysis on metal ion catalysis in the enolization reactions of some acetylheterocycles: kinetics of the enolization reactions of 3-acetyl-5…

2002

Kinetic data on the enolization reaction of 3-acetyl-5-methylisoxazole, 5-acetyl-3-methylisoxazole, 3(5)-acetylpyrazole and some previously studied acetylheterocycles have been the object of a comprehensive ab initio analysis. Enolization rate constants were measured spectrophotometrically by the halogen trapping technique at 25 °C and ionic strength of 0.3 mol dm−3 in water, in acetate buffers, in dilute hydrochloric acid, in dilute sodium hydroxide and in the presence of some metal ion salts. In the spontaneous (water) and base (acetate) catalysed reactions the ketones investigated are generally more reactive than acetophenone, according to the electron-withdrawing effect of the heterocyc…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryHeteroatomInorganic chemistryAb initioProtonationKeto–enol tautomerismCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetophenoneJournal of Physical Organic Chemistry
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Properties of new low melting point quaternary ammonium salts with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion

2010

Eight new monocationic quaternary ammonium (QA) salts with the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anion were prepared by metathesis using our previously reported QA halides as precursors. New salts were characterized both in liquid and solid state using 1 H and 13 C NMR techniques, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis together with X-ray diffraction and thermoanalytical methods. In addition, residual water content, viscosity and conductivity measurements were made for three of the roomtemperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The crystal structures of three compounds were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. Powder diffraction was used to study the crystallinity of the solid …

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryHalideCrystal structureAnalytical ChemistryFreezing pointInorganic ChemistryCrystallinitychemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray crystallographyIonic liquidPhysical chemistryThermal analysisSpectroscopyPowder diffractionJournal of Molecular Structure
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Isomerization and redox tuning in ‘Maya yellow’ hybrids from flavonoid dyes plus palygorskite and kaolinite clays

2014

Abstract The composition of the organic fraction of organic–inorganic hybrid materials prepared upon attachment of different natural, ‘historical’ flavonoid yellow dyes (zacatlaxcalli, fustic, marigold and cosmos) to palygorskite and kaolinite clays is described. Upon thermal treatment between 100 and 180 °C, significant isomerization and oxidation reactions occur thus resulting in the formation of polyfunctional materials potentially usable for therapeutic, catalytic and art purposes. The dye attachment to the clays would define a ‘Maya chemistry’ whose complexity could explain the versatile use of such materials in the pre-Columbian cultures.

ChemistryPalygorskiteGeneral ChemistryThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryRedoxCatalysisMechanics of MaterialsmedicineOrganic chemistryKaoliniteGeneral Materials ScienceHybrid materialIsomerizationmedicine.drugMicroporous and Mesoporous Materials
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