Search results for "instability"
showing 10 items of 724 documents
Posterior Approach to Axis Instability
2016
Many pathologies can cause instability of the cranio-vertebral junction (CVJ). Among the most common diseases must be considered thraumatisms, neoplasms, inflammation, but also congenital malformations. Instability of the CVJ is a potentially life-threatening condition and improper treatment can lead to severe neurological deficits as well as continuous, excruciating pain in the neck. Conservative treatments are often disappointing and surgery must always be taken in consideration when approaching instability of the CVJ, being in many cases the only therapy that can provide satisfactory results.
Adrenal gunshot wound: Laparoscopic approach. Report of a case
2013
introduction: Although there is no debate that patients with peritonitis or hemodynamic instability should undergo urgent laparotomy after penetrating abdominal injury, it is also clear that certain stable patients may be managed without operation. Controversy persists regarding use of laparoscopy. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of gunshot wounds with bullet in left adrenal gland and perirenal subcapsular hematoma. The patients had no signs of peritonitis but in the observation period we noted a significative blood loss, so we performed an exploratory laparoscopy. DISCUSSION: We found the bullet in adrenal parenchyma. The postoperative period was regular and the patient was discharg…
Circumferential graft for elbow instability
2019
For those patients with instability of the medial and lateral sided of the elbow, there is a place for a circumferential graft. This has the main advantage of simplifying the bone tunnel creation and graft fixation, compared to having both medial- and lateral-sided reconstructions.
Does the evidence matter in medicine? The retinoblastoma paradigm.
2007
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common intraocular malignant tumour in childhood, with an incidence of 1 in 15,000 live births. Complete information on this rare tumour can be easily accessed through the internet, although many aspect concerning the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease, are still controversial. The "two hit" theory, formulated in 1971 to explain the variegated clinical expression of the disease, is based on the idea that single gene mutation may determine the development of cancer. However, this view does not take into account the most recent evidences showing the role of aneuploidy and chromosome instability in cancer. Also, a number of other genes and epigenetic mech…
Application of computational fluid dynamics technique in electrodialysis/reverse electrodialysis processes
2022
This Chapter treats the application of CFD technique in ED/RED processes. CFD simulations are able to predict flow and mass transfer in channels filled with spacers or membrane profiles, by providing dimensionless correlations useful for process models. At a larger scale, manifolds of the stack and inlet/ outlet zones of the channel can be simulated. Numerical models can include the computation of the electrical potential, thus characterizing the process performance. Direct numerical simulations can elucidate the complex phenomenology of overlimiting transport and of chaotic electrokinetic flows.
Lateral Ligament Reconstruction
2019
The lateral collateral ligament complex represents the primary lateral elbow ligament stabilizers. In cases of lateral elbow instability, surgical treatment is recommended. Repair should be anatomical and should restore stability to the elbow in order to permit an early active range of motion. Anatomic repair of soft tissue avulsions from bone can be performed with trans-osseous suture or suture anchors. Reconstruction may be required in severe cases and where primary repair is not possible. This chapter describes the surgical techniques for repair and reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow.
The craniovertebral junction in rheumatoid arthritis: State of the art
2019
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by polyarticular inflammation causing progressive joint damage and disability. The mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis involve activation of innate and adaptive immunity, microvascular endothelial cell activation, and inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes into the synovium. Spinal involvement in RA is not typical; when it occurs, the main radiological features are (1) atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), which is the most typical form of cervical spine involvement; (2) cranial settling—also known as basilar impression, atlantoaxial impaction or superior migration of the odontoid—which is the most seve…
Möglichkeiten der CT-Arthrographie in der Diagnostik von Schulterinstabilitäten
1990
In the course of a prospective study, CT arthrography was carried out on 40 patients with shoulder instability. In 35 of these patients a lesion of the capsule and labrum was demonstrated, indicating glenohumeral instability; in three patients this was shown primarily by CT arthrography. In three patients, multidirectional instability was demonstrated. In four patients there was an isolated lesion of the labrum, whereas in one patient all the findings were normal. Compared with the capsulo-labral lesions, bone changes involving the head of the humerus and the glenoid were of lesser importance, although their severity affected the choice of operative treatment in four patients. Fifteen of th…
Preliminary Experience with a Novel System of Facet Fixation to Treat Patients with Lumbar Degenerative Disease. A New Perspective in Minimally Invas…
2017
Purpose We report our experience with a novel surgical device for the treatment of lumbar degenerative microinstability. Facet Wedge (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, Massachusetts, United States) is a novel technique of intra-articular lumbar facet fixation that provides a minimally invasive alternative to standard posterior fixation. Materials and Methods From November 2014 to July 2015, 38 patients underwent single-level Facet Wedge implantation. The main surgical indications included herniated disk (18 patients), spinal canal and foraminal stenosis (14 patients), and Meyerding grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis (6 patients). All the patients showed radiologic signs of microinstability: hype…
Posterior Shoulder Instability
2020
Posterior shoulder instability is often hard to diagnose with clinical examination. Patients generally present with vague pain, weakness, and/or joint clicking but less frequently complaining of frank sensation of instability. Imaging examinations, especially MR imaging and magnetic resonance arthrography, have a pivotal role in the identification and management of this condition. This review describes the pathologic micro/macrotraumatic magnetic resonance features of posterior shoulder instability as well as the underlying joint abnormalities predisposing to this condition, including developmental anomalies of the glenoid fossa, humeral head, posterior labrum, and capsular and ligamentous …