Search results for "instituutio"

Economic Degrowth and the Collapse of Institutional Order: Theory and Propositions

2022

Integrating insights from new institutional  economics and studies on the collapse of past empires, we sketch a process model that links economic degrowth to the collapse of institutional orders. Our thought experiment starts from emphasizing the importance of institutions and enforcement mechanisms in maintaining a sufficient level of economic activity to sustain public costs. We flip this established logic and elucidate the negative role of economic degrowth in the weakening of the public sector’s ability to enforce institutional rules. Internal and external shocks further shake the stability of the institutional order and, at some point, individuals’ belief in institutional rules and nor…

Entrepreneurial choices depend on trust : Some global evidence

2022

Interpersonal trust and people’s trust in institutions are important components of social capital, which has been shown to have not only innate social value but also diverse direct and indirect positive social and economic impacts. Using data for an economically and globally diverse group of countries, we examine empirically how changes in interpersonal trust and trust in institutions affect entrepreneurship over time. Our findings suggest that (1) enhancing either type of trust leads to more entrepreneurial activity and (2) an increase in interpersonal trust causes a structural change in the composition of the TEA-type entrepreneurship. Increased trust reduces the share of relatively lower…

Uses and Misuses of Data

2018

Higher education is awash with data with more coming every year. Much of this is due to accountability reasons and growing interest from stakeholders (internal and external). New technologies have increasingly allowed more powerful analytics and deeper dives into data. However the increasing pressures and new technologies have brought significant questions on how data is used and its relevance. This chapter examines how data is used within higher education and an extended discussion of how it has been misused. The chapter concludes with three suggestions on how institutions can do to reduce the likelihood of the misuse of data and the role of institutional research could play in facilitatin…

Religious participation in the local communities of 17th-century Eastern Finland

2022

In recent years, the perspective of lived religion has drawn attention toward the everyday religious practices of the laity. In early-modern Europe, the realm of the sacred could be approached in different ways from within the mundane world, and religious practices were tightly intertwined with social life. In local communities, religious ideas and practices taught by the church in varying ways intermingled with traits from local religious traditions. This article examines the different ways of religious participation available to the rural inhabitants of late 17th century Eastern Finland, a part of the kingdom of Sweden during the early modern era. Applying the concept and approach of live…

Non-IFRS and changes in accounting institutions : Lessons from Nokia

2022

We analyse the lessons learned from Nokia to illustrate the changing focus in accounting and organisational practices that affect the perceptions of relevant accounting work and the key measures of success. In the course of an analysis covering 25 years, the introduction of management accounting innovations was first emphasised regarding managerial relevance but were later replaced by financial accounting emphasis and innovations (e.g. non-IFRS reporting). Our data includes public reports, newspaper articles and 21 interviews made between 1996 and 2019. We present a framework for analysing shifts in the focus of accounting. Our case analysis on changing accounting practices, on shifting pe…

State propaganda and popular culture in the Russian-speaking internet

2019

This chapter looks at how the Russian state authorities have attempted to influence communication on the Russian-speaking internet (‘Runet’) in the 2010s and how pro-government ‘patriotic’ views are disseminated across diverse channels of the internet. It examines the strategies employed by the Russian authorities to present propagandistic messages in discourses tailored for digital media users. More specifically, it analyses connections between the language and the imagery of political populism and the forms of popular culture and discusses how pro-state messages are positioned as attractive consumer products. peerReviewed

The Politics of Explanatory Nationalism and the Evolution of the United Nations Agenda on Multinational Enterprises

2020

The contemporary world continues to suffer from a number of social problems that are global in scope but impact the Global South disproportionately. While broad and coordinated policy responses to overcome these problems exist, such policies are not shaped solely by the political will to address the problems. On the contrary, their content largely depends on how societies in general and the social problems in particular are routinely explained and conceptualized. We refer to these as explanatory tendencies or paradigms of explanation. As complex problems always have multiple root causes with long causal chains, explanations of these causes necessarily involve some assumptions about relevant…

Purity rules in Pentecostal Uganda. Towards an analysis of relational rulework

2022

Rules concerning romantic relationships and sex—what we term ‘purity rules’—are central to Pentecostalism in Uganda. In  public church arenas, the born-again variant of the rules laid down during Uganda’s ‘ABC’ response to HIV/AIDS — ‘abstain till marriage and be faithful once you marry’—are presented as clear and non-negotiable. Yet in church members’ lives, and in their conversations with each other or in small church groups, space is often created for interpretation and deliberation about the officially strict rules. In this article, we use ethnographic material from fieldwork in urban Pentecostal churches in Uganda to describe how rules work on people, and people work on rules. We descr…

Bretton Woods -instituutioiden köyhyysdiskurssi ja sen rakentuminen : tapaustutkimus Tansanian vuosien 2000-2007 köyhyydenvähennysstrategiapapereista

2008

Tunnustuksen käsite : vähemmistöryhmien kulttuurisen identiteetin tunnustamisen perusteet

2009

Työssäni tarkastelen tunnustuksen käsitteen perusteita. Työni perustuu Axel Honnethin teorialle tunnustuksen käsitteestä. Honneth rakentaa normatiivista yhteiskuntateoriaa ja tarkastelee hyvän yhteiskunnan yleisiä piirteitä yksilön hyvän itsesuhteen, toimintakyvyn ja kaikinpuolisen hyvinvoinnin kannalta tärkeiden tunnustussuhteiden kautta. Lisäksi työssäni käsittelen myös muiden antamia vastauksia tunnustuksen problematiikasta. Tähän liittyen selvitän kulttuurisiin identiteettien liittyviä kysymyksiä. Sovellan siihen Stuart Hallin käsitystä kulttuurisesta identiteetistä ja siihen liittyvän problematiikkaan. Käsittelen Benedict Andersonin ajatusta kansakunnasta ”kuviteltuna yhteisönä”, jossa…