Search results for "interleukin"
showing 10 items of 1856 documents
IL-28A Is a Key Regulator of T-Cell–Mediated Liver Injury via the T-Box Transcription Factor T-Bet
2006
Background & Aims: T-cell–mediated fulminant hepatitis is a potentially life-threatening event for which the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate a key regulatory role of IL-28A in T-cell–mediated hepatitis. Methods: We cloned the murine IL-28A gene by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, assessed the effects of recombinant IL-28A, and generated IL-28A–transgenic mice. Results: IL-28A induced TH1 cytokine production by CD4+ T lymphocytes in a T-bet–dependent manner and was up-regulated in a murine model of T-cell–mediated hepatitis upon Con A administration. In vivo, CD4+ T cells from newly created IL-28A–transgenic animals revealed an …
Monitoring of anti-vaccine CD4 T cell frequencies in melanoma patients vaccinated with a MAGE-3 protein.
2005
Abstract Quantitative evaluation of T cell responses of patients receiving antitumoral vaccination with a protein is difficult because of the large number of possible HLA-peptide combinations that could be targeted by the response. To evaluate the responses of patients vaccinated with protein MAGE-3, we have developed an approach that involves overnight stimulation of blood T cells with autologous dendritic cells loaded with the protein, sorting by flow cytometry of the T cells that produce IFN-γ, cloning of these cells, and evaluation of the number of T cell clones that secrete IFN-γ upon stimulation with the Ag. An important criterion is that T cell clones must recognize not only stimulat…
IL-2 receptor beta-chain signaling controls immunosuppressive CD4+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes and lung during allergic airway inflammation i…
2008
Abstract IL-2 influences both survival and differentiation of CD4+ T effector and regulatory T cells. We studied the effect of i.n. administration of Abs against the α- and the β-chains of the IL-2R in a murine model of allergic asthma. Blockade of the β- but not the α-chain of the IL-2R after allergen challenge led to a significant reduction of airway hyperresponsiveness. Although both treatments led to reduction of lung inflammation, IL-2 signaling, STAT-5 phosphorylation, and Th2-type cytokine production (IL-4 and IL-5) by lung T cells, IL-13 production and CD4+ T cell survival were solely inhibited by the blockade of the IL-2R β-chain. Moreover, local blockade of the common IL-2R/IL-15R…
Contrary roles of IL-4 and IL-12 on IL-10 production and proliferation of human tumour reactive T cells.
1997
The cytokine profile of tumour reactive T cells is likely to play a central role in their function. However, little is known about how cytokine patterns of tumour reactive T cells can be regulated. Here, the authors investigated the influence of exogenous regulatory cytokines in addition to interleukin-2 (IL-2) on cytokine patterns and the proliferation of T cells recognizing an autologous sarcoma cell line. In this system, IL-4 and IL-12 showed the most polarizing influences on tumour reactive T cells. Exogenous IL-4 induced a predominant production of IL-4 while decreasing the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-10 production by tumour reactive T cells. It also stimulated the growth of tu…
A novel plasmid DNA electroporation method allows transfection of murine DC.
2007
Under steady state conditions dendritic cells (DC) exert tolerogenic function, but acquire potent immunogenic function due to strong upregulation of costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. In numerous studies the potential of modified DC to induce tolerance or immune reactions towards a distinct antigen has been demonstrated. However, DC are refractory to transfection with plasmid DNA by non-viral methods. In this study we have tested the suitability of a newly developed electroporation device to transfect immature murine bone-marrow derived DC (BM-DC). Transfected BM-DC expressed reporter molecules at considerable extent which renders this method suitable to perform all kind…
Quantitative representation of all T cells committed to develop into cytotoxic effector cells and/or interleukin 2 activity-producing helper cells wi…
1984
A limiting dilution culture system based on stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) has been used to study the quantitative distribution of helper and of cytotoxic precursor cells in Lyt-2-defined subpopulations of murine T cells. Virtually all of the selected Lyt-2+ and Lyt-2-T cells grow and expand to large clonal colonies within an 8-9-day culture period. Our data show that upon stimulation with Con A, 90% of the Lyt-2-T cells were capable to produce interleukin 2 (IL 2) activity. In addition, IL 2 activity is produced by 8-10% of Lyt-2+ T cells. However, at the clonal level, the average of the IL2 activity produced by Lyt-2+ T cells is about 8-fold less as compared to Lyt-2-T cells. Pre…
Role of accessory cells in cytokine production by T cells in chronic B- cell lymphocytic leukemia
1995
Abstract We investigated the production of cytokines by highly purified T helper cells from B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) patients stimulated by different activation pathways, and we studied the influence of various accessory cell populations on the pattern of the secretion of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, interferon- gamma (IFN-gamma), and IL-10. Neither a qualitative nor a quantitative difference in cytokine production and proliferative capacity was observed in CLL-derived purified T cells compared with normal individuals, when T cells were stimulated by different pathways, including CD3, CD2, and costimulation with CD28. Addition of autologous accessory cel…
Interleukin-10–Treated Human Dendritic Cells Induce a Melanoma-Antigen–Specific Anergy in CD8+ T Cells Resulting in a Failure to Lyse Tumor Cells
1999
Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) are critically involved in the initiation of primary immune processes, including tumor rejection. In our study, we investigated the effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10)–treated human DC on the properties of CD8+ T cells that are known to be essential for the destruction of tumor cells. We show that IL-10–pretreatment of DC not only reduces their allostimulatory capacity, but also induces a state of alloantigen-specific anergy in both primed and naive (CD45RA+) CD8+ T cells. To investigate the influence of IL-10–treated DC on melanoma-associated antigen-specific T cells, we generated a tyrosinase-specific CD8+ T-cell line by several rounds of stimulation with the sp…
T helper cell populations: As flexible as the skin?
2011
T helper cells can be defined by the cytokines they produce and are divided into Th1, Th2, Th17, T(FH) or regulatory T cells. Th17 cells have been shown to produce, in addition to IL-17, IL-22. In the current issue of the European Journal of Immunology, an article by Larsen et al. (Eur. J. Immunol. 2011. 41: 2596-2605) provides evidence that human T helper cells, like murine cells, can also express IL-22 in the absence of the other T helper cell signature cytokines. Moreover, they show that these IL-22-producing cells, namely Th22 cells, can be found in the skin of psoriasis patients, where they might contribute to the pathogenesis of this inflammatory skin disease. Finally, they show that,…
T cell directives for transcriptional regulation in asthma.
2003
Allergic asthma frequently starts in childhood, and environmental factors such as viruses, allergens and occupational exposure can regulate the evolution of the disease. The development of allergen-specific Th2 lymphocytes represents the triggering event for the recruitment and activation of IgE-producing B cells and fibroblasts, followed by the release of soluble factors, thus giving rise to the inflammatory reaction observed in this disease. GATA-3 was identified as a cell lineage-specific factor selectively expressed and activated in the Th2 lineage as a consequence of STAT-6 activation. However, recent literature indicates that blockade of CTLA-4-directed inhibitory signals is sufficien…