Search results for "interleukin"

Different regulation of T helper 1- and T helper 2-promoting cytokine signalling factors in human dendritic cells after exposure to protein versus co…

2008

Cytokine-dependent T helper 1 (Th1) differentiation versus T helper 2 (Th2) differentiation is controlled by distinct transcription factors. Previously, we have demonstrated that immature human dendritic cells (DC) from blood donors with allergies show rapid phosphorylation of the Th2-associated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) upon contact with protein allergens. In the present study we investigated whether this process is regulated by the downstream molecules suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) and/or by the factors T-bet and GATA3. Therefore, immature DC of grass or birch pollen-allergic donors were treated with the respective Th2-promoting protein allergen…

The Challenge of Using CB-HSCs As Source for Gene Therapy: Lentiviral Vector Transduction, Phenotypic Characterization and Global Gene Expression Pro…

2015

Abstract Introduction: Genetic modification of autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) is a promising clinical intervention to cure inherited monogenic diseases. Successful gene therapy trials have already been conducted using CD34+ cells from bone marrow and from mobilized peripheral blood. In this regard, cord blood (CB) represents an attractive source of HSCs due to its high concentration of high proliferative HSPC and increased susceptibility to be transduced by lentiviral vectors. Unfortunately, the major disadvantage is the limited number of HSC in the CB collection. Consequently, ex-vivo expansion of CB-HSC is desirable to extend clinical applications. Purposes: To …

Author response: ERK3/MAPK6 controls IL-8 production and chemotaxis

2019

Genetic Variation Determines Mast Cell Functions in Experimental Asthma

2011

Abstract Mast cell-deficient mice are a key for investigating the function of mast cells in health and disease. Allergic airway disease induced as a Th2-type immune response in mice is employed as a model to unravel the mechanisms underlying inception and progression of human allergic asthma. Previous work done in mast cell-deficient mouse strains that otherwise typically mount Th1-dominated immune responses revealed contradictory results as to whether mast cells contribute to the development of airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. However, a major contribution of mast cells was shown using adjuvant-free protocols to achieve sensitization. The identification of a traceable ge…

Enrichment of Immediate-Early 1 (m123/pp89) Peptide-Specific CD8 T Cells in a Pulmonary CD62LloMemory-Effector Cell Pool during Latent Murine Cytomeg…

2000

ABSTRACTInterstitial cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a clinically relevant complication in recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Recent data for a model of experimental syngeneic BMT and concomitant infection of BALB/c mice with murine CMV (mCMV) have documented the persistence of tissue-resident CD8 T cells after clearance of productive infection of the lungs (J. Podlech, R. Holtappels, M.-F. Pahl-Seibert, H.-P. Steffens, and M. J. Reddehase, J. Virol. 74:7496–7507, 2000). It was proposed that these cells represent antiviral “standby” memory cells whose functional role might be to help prevent reactivation of latent virus. The pool of pulmonary CD8 T cells was composed of two…

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate and IL-10 coordinately contribute to nTreg cell-mediated suppression of dendritic cell activation

2010

In humans and mice naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) are crucial for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance by controlling not only potentially autoreactive T cells but virtually all cells of the adaptive and innate immune system. Here we show that co-culture of murine dendritic cells (DC) and nTregs results in an immediate increase of cAMP in DC, responsible for a rapid down-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86). In addition, the inhibitory surface molecule B7-H3 on DC is up-regulated. Subsequently, nTreg-derived IL-10 inhibits the cytokine production (IL-6, IL-12) of suppressed DC therewith preserving their silent phenotype. Hence, our data indicate that nTreg…

Specific and Redundant Roles for NFAT Transcription Factors in the Expression of Mast Cell-Derived Cytokines

2006

Abstract By virtue of their ability to express a plethora of biologically highly active mediators, mast cells (MC) are involved in both adaptive and innate immune responses. MC-derived Th2-type cytokines are thought to act as local amplifiers of Th2 reactions, including chronic inflammatory disorders such as allergic asthma, whereas MC-derived TNF-α is a critical initiator of antimicrobial defense. In this study, we demonstrate that the transcription factors NFATc1 and NFATc2 are part of a MC-specific signaling network that regulates the expression of TNF-α and IL-13, whereas NFATc3 is dispensable. Primary murine bone marrow-derived MC from NFATc2−/− mice, activated by either ionomycin or I…

Inhibition of human allergic T-helper type 2 immune responses by induced regulatory T cells requires the combination of interleukin-10-treated dendri…

2006

Summary Background In grass pollen-allergic individuals, T cell anergy can be induced by IL-10-treated dendritic cells (IL-10-DC) resulting in the suppression of T helper type 1 (Th1) as well as Th2 cells. This study was performed to analyse whether such IL-10-DC-treated T cells are able to act as regulatory T cells (Treg) suppressing the function of other T cells in the periphery. As transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is also a potential inducer of Treg, we additionally analysed the inhibitory capacity of TGF-β-treated T cells in this system. Materials and Methods Freshly isolated CD4+ or CD4+CD25− T cells from grass pollen-allergic donors were stimulated with autologous mature monocyte-de…

Modulation of C1q mRNA Expression and Secretion by Interleukin-1,Interleukin-6, and Interferon-g in Resident and Stimulated Murine Peritoneal Macroph…

2002

The complement system plays an important role in the humoral immune response. Activation of the classical complement pathway is mediated by its subcomponent, C1q. Among the main C1q-synthesising tissues, macrophages have been attributed as a source of particular importance. We investigated the effects of cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and Interferon-gamma) on local C1q mRNA expression and C1q secretion in resident and in thioglycollate-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro. The macrophages were isolated from murine peritoneal lavage fluid, maintained in culture and incubated with the cytokines. Among the cytokines, only IL-6 had a stimulatory effect on C1q production (25% increase vs. co…

Complex Cellular Responses of Helicobacter pylori-Colonized Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells ▿

2011

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is an important class I carcinogen that persistently infects the human gastric mucosa to induce gastritis, gastric ulceration, and gastric cancer. H. pylori pathogenesis strongly depends on pathogenic factors, such as VacA (vacuolating cytotoxin A) or a specialized type IV secretion system (T4SS), which injects the oncoprotein CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A product) into the host cell. Since access to primary gastric epithelial cells is limited, many studies on the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of H. pylori were performed in immortalized epithelial cells originating from individual human adenocarcinomas. The aim of our study was a comparative anal…