Search results for "internet"
showing 10 items of 2589 documents
Using protection motivation theory in the design of nudges to improve online security behavior
2019
Abstract We conducted an online experiment (n = 2024) on a representative sample of internet users in Germany, Sweden, Poland, Spain and the UK to explore the effect of notifications on security behaviour. Inspired by protection motivation theory (PMT), a coping message advised participants on how to minimize their exposure to risk and a threat appeal highlighted the potential negative consequences of not doing so. Both increased secure behavior – but the coping message significantly more so. The coping message was also as effective as both messages combined, but not so the threat appeal. Risk attitudes, age and country had a significant effect on behavior. Initiatives seeking to promote se…
Semantics driven interaction using natural language in students tutoring
2007
The aim of this work is to introduce a semantic integration between an ontology and a chatbot in an Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) to interact with students using natural language. The interaction process is driven by the use of a purposely defined ontology. In the ontology two types of conceptual relations are defined. Besides the usual relations, which are used to define the domain's structure, another type of relation is used to define the navigation schema inside the ontology according to the need of managing uncertainty. Uncertainty level is related to student knowledge level about the involved concepts. In this work we propose an ITS for the Java programming language called TutorJ…
A literature review of sensor ontologies for manufacturing applications
2013
The purpose of this paper is to review existing sensor and sensor network ontologies to understand whether they can be reused as a basis for a manufacturing perception sensor ontology, or if the existing ontologies hold lessons for the development of a new ontology. We develop an initial set of requirements that should apply to a manufacturing perception sensor ontology. These initial requirements are used in reviewing selected existing sensor ontologies. Additionally, we present our developed sensor ontology thus far that incorporates a refined list of requirements. This paper describes 1) extending and refining the requirements; 2) proposing hierarchical structures for verifying the purpo…
A Survey on Ontology Evaluation Methods
2015
International audience; Ontologies nowadays have become widely used for knowledge representation, and are considered as foundation for Semantic Web. However with their wide spread usage, a question of their evaluation increased even more. This paper addresses the issue of finding an efficient ontology evaluation method by presenting the existing ontology evaluation techniques, while discussing their advantages and drawbacks. The presented ontology evaluation techniques can be grouped into four categories: gold standard-based, corpus-based, task-based and criteria based approaches.
Semi-automatic Derivation of Specific-Domain Ontologies for the Semantic Web
2006
This paper describes an approach for helping in the semi-automatic construction of specific-domain ontology components contained in a digital archive. This proposal for extracting knowledge from digital sources allows users to have a view of this knowledge and visualize specific-domain ontology components that with further processing can be shared with software agents by embedding it into digital archives themselves in the context of the Semantic Web. In particular, we deal with the issue of not constructing the ontology from scratch, our approach helps us to speed up the ontology creation process.
Redefinición crítica y apertura del sistema educativo universitario a las nuevas posibilidades de aprendizaje en el marco de las TIC
2005
En estos comienzos del siglo XXI, en el marco de un entorno afectado por una profunda revolución tecnológica, parece apuntarse un cambio radical también dentro del paradigma educativo. Desde que aparecieron los ordenadores, los investigadores se están esmerando en usar las novedosas tecnologías de la información para perfeccionar el aprendizaje. Las nuevas tecnologías permiten definir un entorno virtual no constreñido a la dimensión espacial del aula, puesto que no obligan a la presencialidad y sincronía de emisores y receptores. La experiencia está demostrando que hay que afinar mucho más en las opciones estratégicas sobre la nuevas tecnologías de cara a obtener calidad e interacción en el…
Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data
2020
The Internet of Things, crowdsourcing, social media, public authorities, and other sources generate bigger and bigger data sets. Big and open data offers many benefits for emergency management, but also pose new challenges. This chapter will review the sources of big data and their characteristics. We then discuss potential benefits of big data for emergency management along with the technological and societal challenges it poses. We review central technologies for big-data storage and processing in general, before presenting the Spark big-data engine in more detail. Finally, we review ethical and societal threats that big data pose.
Toward Unified Control of Networks of Switches and Sensors Through a Network Operating System
2018
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an integral part of an Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. In fact, a typical IoT service deployment considers an integrated network of switches and sensors (as well as actuators). In order to manage this heterogeneous network infrastructure, the use of software defined networking (SDN) technologies is anticipated. However, existing SDN-enabling technologies consider only isolated networks and there has been no concrete solution that treats the whole network in a unified way. In this paper, a network operating system is proposed as a way to address the above issue. Starting from the open network operating system, which currently supports only OpenFlow net…
Spectral Slicing of a Supercontinuum Source for WDM/DS-OCDMA Application
2008
WDM and optical CDMA are leading contenders to easily upgrade access network performances in terms of multiple access technique. Both methods can be used at once, using a single multiwavelength optical source. We show, numerically and experimentally, that spectral slicing of a 10-GHz pulse train broadened to a supercontinuum yields pulses suitable for use in a direct sequence optical CDMA system. Simulations with optical CDMA encoders and decoders based on superstructured fiber Bragg gratings indicate good performance can be expected.
Joint Power Allocation and Link Selection for Multi-Carrier Buffer Aided Relay Network
2019
In this paper, we present a joint power allocation and adaptive link selection protocol for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based network consists of one source node i.e., base station (BS), one destination node i.e., (MU) and a buffer aided decode and forward (DF) relay node. Our objective is to maximize the average throughput of the system via power loading over different subcarriers at source and relay nodes. A separate power budget is assumed at each transmitting node to make the system more practical. In order to form our solution more tractable, a decomposition framework is implemented to solve the mixed integer optimization problem. Further, less complex suboptim…