Search results for "interphase"

showing 10 items of 50 documents

Finite elements with embedded interphases for strain localization in quasi-brittle materials

2023

The paper presents a continuous-discontinuous numerical strategy for sim- ulating localized failure in structures made of quasi-brittle materials using finite elements. The strategy is based on observing acting stresses scenarios, when a diffuse degradation is followed by high deformation bands localizing in certain regions of the structure. The numerical strategy should encom- pass both situations in accordance with the material’s constitutive model. This objective is achieved by introducing a thin layer into a finite element at a certain level of the deformation process. In this study, the thin layer is modeled for the first time by an interphase mechanical device whose consti- tutive beh…

Mechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringLocalization Interphase Quasi-brittle materials Isotropic Damage ModelGeneral Materials ScienceSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle Costruzioni
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Polarization Switching in Heterophase Nanostructures: PLZT Relaxor Ceramics

2005

The polarization switching is experimentally investigated in hot-pressed PLZT-x/65/35 ceramics with a lanthanum content from 5 to 12 at. %. The specific features in the temperature dependence of the polarization switching in a heterophase state are interpreted by analyzing the change in the switched charge measured over wide ranges of fields and temperatures. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of depolarization fields induced by interphase boundaries. A model of the evolution of polydomain nanostructures with a change in the temperature and in the response to an external field is considered. It is assumed that the low-temperature dielectric anomaly and the temperature hysteresis are …

NanostructureMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsSolid-state physicschemistry.chemical_elementDepolarizationCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumLanthanumExternal fieldInterphaseCeramicPhysics of the Solid State
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A minimal Gō-model for rebuilding whole genome structures from haploid single-cell Hi-C data

2020

Abstract We present a minimal computational model, which allows very fast, on-the-fly construction of three dimensional haploid interphase genomes from single-cell Hi-C contact maps using the HOOMD-blue molecular dynamics package on graphics processing units. Chromosomes are represented by a string of connected beads, each of which corresponds to 100,000 base pairs, and contacts are mediated via a structure-based harmonic potential. We suggest and test two minimization protocols which consistently fold into conformationally similar low energy states. The latter are similar to previously published structures but are calculated in a fraction of the time. We find evidence that mere fulfillment…

PhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceMirror imageStructure (category theory)General Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesTerm (time)Computational MathematicsMolecular dynamicsKnot (unit)Mechanics of MaterialsChirality (mathematics)C++ string handlingGeneral Materials ScienceInterphaseStatistical physics0210 nano-technologyComputational Materials Science
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Advanced piezoresistive sensor achieved by amphiphilic nanointerfaces of graphene oxide and biodegradable polymer blends

2018

This work focuses on the preparation of a piezoresistive sensor device, by exploiting an amphiphilic sample of graphene oxide (GO) as a compatibilizer for poly (lactic acid) (PLA)-Poly (ethylene-glycol) (PEG) blends. The presence of GO determined a high stiffening and strengthening effect, without affecting toughness, and allowed a good stability of mechanical properties up to 40 days. Moreover, GO endowed the materials with electrical properties highly sensitive to pressure and strain variations: the biodegradable pressure sensor showed a responsivity of 35 μA/MPa from 0.6 to 8.5 MPa, a responsivity around 19 μA/MPa from 8.5 to 25 MPa. For lower pressure values (around 0.16–0.45 MPa), inst…

Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Materials scienceOxideNanotechnologyCeramics and Composite02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicalaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundEngineering (all)lawAmphiphileComposite materialInterphaseDynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)GrapheneGeneral Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPiezoresistive effectBiodegradable polymer0104 chemical sciencesLactic acidSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryRaman spectroscopyCeramics and CompositesGraphene0210 nano-technology
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Variability of ecdysteroid-induced cell cycle alterations in Drosophila Kc sublines.

1987

. The cell cycle of two lines isolated from Drosophila Kc cells was followed by flow cytofluorometry and cell counting. The first line is the 8-9K clone which grew in a medium supplemented with 5% serum; the second, named subline Kc0, grew in a serum-free medium. The stationary phase is characterized by a G2 cell accumulation: 73% in the 8-9K clone and 50% in the Kc0 subline. When the medium was supplemented with the steroid moulting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone, more than 90% of 8-9K cells and 65% of Kc0 cells were progressively arrested in G2. In the continuous presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone, most of the 8-9K cells remain G2-arrested; no massive G2 release into M was observed and only a few…

Programmed cell deathCellClone (cell biology)MitosisCell CountBiologyCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsInterphaseEcdysteroidCell CycleCell BiologyGeneral MedicineAnatomyDNACell cycleCell countingFlow CytometryMolecular biologyCulture Mediamedicine.anatomical_structureEcdysteronechemistryCell cultureDrosophilaMoultingCell and tissue kinetics
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Heat shrinkable behavior, physico-mechanical and structure properties of electron beam cross-linked blends of high-density polyethylene with acryloni…

2016

Abstract In this study, heat-shrinkable composites of electron beam irradiated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites with acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) were investigated. HDPE/NBR blends at a ratio of components 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 50/50 and 20/80 wt% were prepared using a two-roll mill. The compression molded films were irradiated high-energy (5 MeV) accelerated electrons up to irradiation absorbed doses of 100–300 kGy. The effect of electron beam induced cross-linking was evaluated by the changes of mechanical properties, gel content and by the differences of thermal properties, detected by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermo-shrinkage forces were determined as the…

RadiationMaterials science010308 nuclear & particles physics02 engineering and technologyPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryNatural rubberchemistryvisual_art0103 physical sciencesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumInterphaseIrradiationHigh-density polyethyleneComposite material0210 nano-technologyShrinkageRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Two distinct Ca2+ influx pathways activated by the bradykinin B2 receptor.

1996

The hormone-induced depletion of cellular Ca stores provides a signal for the Ca2+ influx into electrically non-excitable cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Therefore, we analyzed bradykinin-activated Ca2+ influx into human foreskin fibroblast cells, HF-15, by fura-2 and 45Ca labeling to discriminate between Ca2+ influx into the fura-sensitive compartment and Ca uptake into fura-insensitive Ca stores. Bradykinin-activated CaZt influx into the fura-sensitive compartment was blocked by inhibitors of NO synthases. These inhibitors also suppressed bradykinin-activated increases in cGMP, indicating that the NO-dependent increase in cGMP is involved in the activat…

Receptor Bradykinin B2BradykininBradykininNitric OxideBiochemistryNitric oxideCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesHumansFibroblastCyclic GMPInterphaseFluorescent DyesIon TransportCell growthChemistryKinaseReceptors BradykininCa2 influxCompartment (chemistry)Calcium Channel BlockersCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryCytoplasmCalciumFura-2Cell DivisionEuropean journal of biochemistry
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Modelling the structure-property relationships of high performance PBAT-based biocomposites with natural fibers obtained from Chamaerops humilis dwar…

2022

Two fibrous fillers were achieved from stalks and leaves of Chamaerops humilis dwarf palm and tested as reinforcing agents for poly(butylene adipate co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-based composites. The influence of filler type and content on the morphomechanical properties of the green composites was assessed. The outcomes of tensile tests pointed out that both fillers are strong candidates to overcome the two main limiting aspects of PBAT, that is, the lack of both stiffness and cost-effectiveness, while preserving its stretchability and environmental sustainability. The remarkable stiffness increments (up to 300%), combined with fair retention of stretchability (33%) and doubled resistance, led…

Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiPolymer-matrix composites (PMCs) Bio composites Natural fibre composites Mechanical properties InterphaseGeneral EngineeringCeramics and CompositesComposites Science and Technology
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Strain localization and crack propagation in finite elements augmented with embedded interphases

2022

Many engineering problems present the need to model discontinuities that arise when materials are outside their elastic limit. In quasi-brittle materials strains progressively localize in narrow bands, usually leaving elastic the surrounding bulk material. In the framework of FE models, considerable progresses have been done in order to correctly model strain localization and damage propagation; they could be mainly divided into two groups: discrete crack models and smeared crack models. In the ambit of discrete crack models, we propose a computational methodology which is based on the Augmented-Finite Element Method (A-FEM) [1]. Our formulation consists in the implementation of an intra-el…

Strain localizationSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniA-FEMInterphase element
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Copolymerization of VDF and HFP in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: A Robust Approach for Modeling Precipitation and Dispersion Kinetics

2011

A kinetic model is developed for the heterogeneous free-radical copolymerization of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene in supercritical CO2. The model accounts for polymerization in both the dispersed (polymer-rich) phase and in the continuous (polymer-free) supercritical phase, for radical interphase transport, diffusion limitations, and chain-length-dependent termination in the polymer-rich phase. A parameter evaluation strategy is developed and detailed to estimate most of the kinetic parameters a priori while minimizing their evaluation by direct fitting. The resulting model predictions compare favorably with the experimental results of conversion and MWD at varying monomer fee…

Supercritical carbon dioxideMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringDiffusionThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistrySupercritical fluidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymerizationPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryInterphaseHexafluoropropyleneDispersion (chemistry)Macromolecular Reaction Engineering
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