Search results for "interpretatio"
showing 10 items of 1068 documents
Logical Sentential Calculi Inspired by the Chrysippean Sentential Calculus
2021
The aim of the present paper is to consider an approach, different from that presented by J. Łukasiewicz, concerning the interpretation of the so-called stoic undemonstrables, which were given by Chrysippus. Stoic undemonstrables have been interpreted in two different ways: using the notion of “negation of a sentence” (Łukasiewicz) and using the notion of “a sentence inconsistent with a given one” (Mates). According to the Stoics, two sentences are inconsistent if one of them is negation of the other. The Mates’ interpretation generates five different inference rules. Based on one of these rules we can consider (with other undemonstrables) four different stoic propositional calculi. Taking …
Explanatory Reasoning: A Probabilistic Interpretation
2016
This paper deals with inference guided by explanatory considerations –specifically with the prospects for a probabilistic interpretation of it. After pointing out some differences between two sorts of explanatory reasoning – i.e.: abduction and “inference to the best explanation” – in the first section I distinguish two tasks: (a) to discern which explanation is the best one; (b) to assess whether the best explanation deserves to be legitimately believed. In Sect. 20.2 I discuss some recent definitions of explanatory power based on “reduction of uncertainty” (Schupbach and Sprenger 2011; Crupi and Tentori 2012). Even though a probabilistic framework is a promising option here, I will argue …
Rough Pragmatic Description Logic
2013
In this chapter, a rough description logic is built on the basis of a pragmatic standpoint of representation of knowledge. The pragmatic standpoint has influenced the acceptance of a broader definition of the semantic network than that appearing in the literature. The definition of the semantic network is a motivation of the introduced semantics of the language of the descriptive logic. First, the theoretical framework of representation of knowledge that was proposed in the papers [24,25] is adjusted to the description of data processing. The pragmatic system of knowledge representation is determined, as well as situations of semantic adequacy and semantic inadequacy for represented knowled…
Modellierung überbetrieblicher behandlungsprozesse durch objekt-petrinetze
2005
Clinical processes are often performed by the cooperation of different healthcare organization. But even that for modeling of such processes the object Petri nets can be used, they often lack of intuitive comprehensibility. This contribution presents an interpretation of object Petri nets which assigns abstract net elements to real objects of the healthcare domain. By doing this it helps domain user to apply this Petri net type to the modeling of clinical processes. The application of this approach is demonstrated.
Distributed estimation and control of water distribution networks by logical consensus
2014
In this study we present a methodology for backflow detec- tion through the interpretation of results from a network of Automatic Meter Reading. The approach is based on the so– called logical consensus theory and consists of a distributed failure detection and system reconfiguration. The effective- ness of the proposed method is showed through simulation within a prototypical water distribution network.
Linear Regression Analysis
2010
SUMMARY Background: Regression analysis is an important statistical method for the analysis of medical data. It enables the identification and characterization of relationships among multiple factors. It also enables the identification of prognostically relevant risk factors and the calculation of risk scores for individual prognostication. Methods: This article is based on selected textbooks of statistics, a selective review of the literature, and our own experience. Results: After a brief introduction of the uni- and multivariable regression models, illustrative examples are given to explain what the important considerations are before a regression analysis is performed, and how the resul…
Fuzzy Logic, Knowledge and Natural Language
2012
This is an introductive study on what Fuzzy Logic is, on the difference between Fuzzy Logic and the other many-valued calculi and on the possible relationship between Fuzzy Logic and the complex sciences. Fuzzy Logic is nowadays a very popular logic methodology. Different kinds of applications in cybernetics, in software programming and its growing use in medicine seems to make Fuzzy Logic, according to someone, the “new” logic of science and technology. In his enthusiastic panegyric of Fuzzy Logic, Kosko (1993) argues that after thirty years from the birth of this calculus, it is time to declare the new era of Fuzzy Logic and to forget the old era of classical logic. I think that this poin…
Fragmentos de um discurso político. Intervenções críticas
2019
This essay argues for the pertinence of the semiotic view on politics, as well as the political character of research in semiotics. Through about the discursive organization in contemporary politics, and the idea of political discourse, the author elaborates analyses and reflections on themes and passions with which he identifies a specific way for semiotics to answer the questions promoted by the field of politics. To this end, the author elaborates analyses and reflections on themes and passions with which he identifies a specific way for semiotics to answer the questions promoted by the field of politics. The work also aims to deconstruct myths and naturalized meanings. Such semiotic ges…
La Directiva de Retorno y la tutela judicial efectiva
2015
Después de cierto tiempo de aplicación, la Directiva de Retorno 2008/115 contiene elementos que suscitan un especial interés por afectar a los derechos procesales fundamentales de los extranjeros nacionales de terceros Estados en situación de retorno. Pero, además, su proyección afecta a la configuración de una nueva política migratoria de la Unión Europea que supone sin temor a la exageración el verdadero reto para el siglo XXI. Una política que debe respetar los derechos básicos de los extranjeros y permitir la integración en un espacio de libertad, justicia y seguridad. El presente trabajo señala luces y sombras en el camino desarrollado por la Directiva de retorno, su transposición por …
Access to Justice in the Aarhus Convention – Genesis, Legislative History and Overview of the Main Interpretation Dilemmas
2020
Abstract The article present the key elements of the access to justice pillar of the Arhus Convention against the background of its legislative history, conceptual approaches and motivations laying behind certain provisions. On this basis, the article identifies and briefly indicates the main interpretation dilemmas regarding specific provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 9 as well as those which apply to access to justice pillar as a whole, in particular the interpretation dilemmas regarding the internal relations between these provisions and the role of this pillar in relation to the other pillars, in particular the public participation pillar. The conclusion is that while the st…