Search results for "interventio"

Prognostic value of cardiac CT

2020

In the past decades, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has become a powerful tool in the management of coronary artery disease. The diagnostic and prognostic value of CCTA has been extensively demonstrated in both large observational studies and clinical trials among stable chest pain patients. The quantification of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is a well-established predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic subjects. Besides CACS, the main strength of CCTA is the accurate assessment of the individual total atherosclerotic plaque burden, which holds important prognostic information. In addition, CCTA, by providing detailed information on corona…

Primary thromboembolic prevention in multiple myeloma patients: An exploratory meta-analysis on aspirin use

2018

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological disorder, often complicated by venous thromboembolism, especially during treatment with immunomodulatory drugs. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been extensively used as thromboprophylaxis but its rationale is unclear and the efficacy versus low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH) is still matter of debate. European and American guidelines suggest different approaches and the optimal antithrombotic strategy is yet to be established. Methods: We conducted an exploratory metanalysis and a systematic review on studies comparing ASA versus other interventions for thromboprophylaxis (no intervention or LMWH) in patients with MM. Results: Ten…

Effectiveness of interventions to improve cancer treatment and follow-up care in socially disadvantaged groups.

2019

Objective To identify and characterize the interventions that aimed to improve cancer treatment and follow-up care in socially disadvantaged groups. To summarize the state of the art for clinicians and researchers. Methods We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies with a control group (usual care or enhanced usual care) conducted in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries and published until 2016. Results Thirty-one interventions were identified, the majority of which were conducted i…

Empirical examination of the interpersonal maintenance model of anorexia nervosa

2013

Objective A cognitive interpersonal maintenance model of anorexia nervosa (AN) was first proposed in 2006 and updated in 2013 (Schmidt and Treasure, J Br J Clin Psychol, 45, 343-366, 2006; Treasure and Schmidt, J Eat Disorders, in press.). The aim of this study was to test the interpersonal component of this model in people with AN requiring intensive hospital treatment (inpatient/daypatient). Method On admission to hospital women with AN or eating disorder not otherwise specified (AN subtype; n = 152; P) and their primary carers (n = 152; C) completed questionnaires on eating symptoms (P), depression and anxiety (P, C), accommodation and enabling (C), and psychological control (C). Structu…

Radiation exposure in CT-guided interventions.

2013

To investigate radiation exposure in computed tomography (CT)-guided interventions, to establish reference levels for exposure, and to discuss strategies for dose reduction.We analyzed 1576 consecutive CT-guided procedures in 1284 patients performed over 4.5 years, including drainage placements; biopsies of different organs; radiofrequency and microwave ablations (RFA/MWA) of liver, bone, and lung tumors; pain blockages, and vertebroplasties. Data were analyzed with respect to scanner settings, overall radiation doses, and individual doses of planning CT series, CT intervention, and control CT series.Eighty-five percent of the total radiation dose was applied during the pre- and post-interv…

Adaptation and Implementation of an Intervention Programme on Spanish Carers and Adolescent Patients With an Eating Disorder: Study Protocol of a Ran…

2021

Introduction:One of the major problems with inpatient treatment of adolescent girls with an eating disorder (ED) is that the strategies learned during their hospital stay are not easily applied or maintained in their daily lives, and this has been related to high rates of relapse and readmission. The ECHOMANTRA programme was developed to optimize outcomes during and following inpatient or day-patient treatment. ECHOMANTRA is based on interventions for carers (Experienced Carers Helping Others, ECHO) and patients (Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, MANTRA) and is developed from the cognitive interpersonal model of anorexia (Schmidt and Treasure, 2006;Treasure and Schmid…

Adverse effects of iodine thyroid blocking: a systematic review

2011

(131)I, when released in a radiological or nuclear accident as happened recently in Fukushima, Japan, may cause thyroid cancer as a long-term consequence. Iodine thyroid blocking (ITB) is known to reduce the risk of developing thyroid cancer. Potential adverse effects of ITB have not been systematically investigated so far. This article summarises the results of a review on adverse effects of ITB based on a systematic literature search in scientific medical databases. A meta-analysis was not performed as identified studies displayed major heterogeneity. The search resulted in 14 articles relevant to the topic, reporting mostly on surveys, ecological and intervention studies. Only one study …

Predictors of increase in physical activity during a 6-month follow-up period among overweight and physically inactive healthy young adults

2015

Abstract Background/Objective The beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) are well known, but it remains challenging to increase PA among physically inactive and overweight young individuals. The present study aimed to examine how selected psychological and physical characteristics assessed at baseline predict the increase in total PA over a 6-month follow-up among 51 physically inactive and overweight adults (20 women, 31 men; age 26–40 years) who participated in a lifestyle counselling study without supervised PA sessions. Methods Baseline measurements included a questionnaire assessment of sense of coherence and psychological flexibility, heart rate monitoring-based stress/recovery …

Effectiveness of mechanical diagnosis and therapy in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain: a literature review with meta-analysis

2020

Abstract Objective To determine the effectiveness of mechanical diagnosis and therapy (MDT) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) compared to other traditional physical therapy interventions. Methods Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of MDT compared to other traditional physical therapy interventions in individuals with CLBP were considered eligible. For the purpose of this review, MDT was compared to active and passive physical therapy interventions. Independent reviewers assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The primary outcomes investigated were pain and disability. Results Fourteen studies were included in the rev…

2016

Abstract Background Online self-help interventions have proven to be effective in treating various specific mental disorders, mainly depression and anxiety. Knowledge regarding their acceptance, efficacy, and usefulness in addition to inpatient or outpatient psychotherapy is limited. Therefore, we plan to evaluate an affect-focused, transdiagnostic, psychodynamic online self-help intervention following inpatient psychotherapy for mixed diagnoses in a feasibility study to determine acceptance, satisfaction, and preliminary estimates of efficacy. Methods The intervention is based on the book "Living Like You Mean It" by Ronald J. Frederick (2009) and the Swedish adaption by Johansson and coll…