Search results for "itt"
showing 10 items of 20843 documents
Dispersion of vendace eggs and larvae around potential nursery areas reveals their reproductive strategy
2019
Depending on their reproductive strategy, different fish species aim to aggregate or disperse eggs and larvae in their reproductive habitat. Many pelagic species disperse their eggs widely around the potential nursery areas. Larval dispersion or aggregation affects population sub‐structuring, which has important implications in fisheries management and conservation of the natural spatial diversity in populations. The dispersion of larval vendace (Coregonus albula) was quantified in two oligotrophic Finnish lakes, and effects of density and environmental variables on the inter‐annual variation in the larval distribution were examined by analysing spatial abundance data from the lakes from 19…
European Union legislation on macroalgae products
2021
AbstractMacroalgae-based products are increasing in demand also in Europe. In the European Union, each category of macroalgae-based products is regulated separately. We discuss EU legislation, including the law on medicinal products, foods including food supplements and food additives, feed and feed additives, cosmetics, packaging materials, fertilizers and biostimulants, as well as biofuels. Product safety and consumer protection are the priorities with any new products. Macroalgae products can be sold as traditional herbal medicines. The novel food regulation applies to macroalgae foods that have not previously been used as food, and organic macroalgae are a specific regulatory category. …
Semiochemical exploitation of host-associated cues by seven Melittobia parasitoid species : Behavioral and phylogenetic implications
2018
Chemical compounds (infochemicals or semiochemicals) play an important role both in intra-specific and inter-specific communication. For example, chemical cues appear to play a key role in the host selection process adopted by insect parasitoids. In recent years significant advances have been made in order to understand the chemical ecology of insect parasitoids. However, little information is available about the evolution of semiochemical use in the host location process of insect parasitoids. Here we investigated the strategy adopted by seven closely related parasitoid species in the genus Melittobia when foraging for four different suitable hosts. By using an integrated approach that com…
Drivers of above-ground understorey biomass and nutrient stocks in temperate deciduous forests
2020
The understorey in temperate forests can play an important functional role, depending on its biomass and functional characteristics. While it is known that local soil and stand characteristics largely determine the biomass of the understorey, less is known about the role of global change. Global change can directly affect understorey biomass, but also indirectly by modifying the overstorey, local resource availability and growing conditions at the forest floor. In this observational study across Europe, we aim at disentangling the impact of global-change drivers on understorey biomass and nutrient stocks, from the impact of overstorey characteristics and local site conditions. Using piecewi…
Nutritional quality of littoral macroinvertebrates and pelagic zooplankton in subarctic lakes
2021
Littoral benthic primary production is considered the most important energy source of consumers in subarctic lakes. We analyzed essential fatty acid (EFA) and amino acid (EAA) content of 23 littoral benthic macroinvertebrate taxa as well as cladocerans and copepods from pelagic and littoral habitats of 8–9 subarctic lakes to compare their nutritional quality. Pelagic crustacean zooplankton had significantly higher EFA and total FA content (on average 2.6‐fold and 1.6‐fold, respectively) than littoral macroinvertebrates in all our study lakes. Specifically, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of the most important EFA for juvenile fish, was almost exclusively found in pelagic copepods. In littor…
Communal pair spawning behaviour of vendace (Coregonus albula ) in the dark
2017
Mating in nature is rarely random, and most fish species have refined mating systems. The vendace (Coregonus albula) is a short-lived, small-sized, cold-water-adapted pelagic schooling species that is known to spawn in groups, but the actual mating system of this species, like many other group-spawning fishes, has not been described in detail. Vendace typically spawn in the littoral or sublittoral zones of lakes in late autumn, and the hatching of larvae occurs close to icebreak in the following spring. In our large study lake, vendace larvae were caught in 93% of 1,149 random sampling locations lake-wide. We examined the courtship and mating of vendace under experimental conditions by noni…
Thorough analysis of Raspberry Pi devices in outdoor/indoor communications in terms of QoS
2020
The proliferation of commercial low-cost Small Board Computers (SBC) devices have allowed the deployment of many Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) focused on different applications, mainly based on monitoring issues. These networks are characterized by a set of these SBCs devices working in a collaborative way where each device is sensing, processing and later sending out the data to the sink. These devices are equipped with power supply, a processing unit and communications capabilities (in particular WiFi), making themselves very interesting to fit in many topologies. However, their performance in terms of communications basically depends on the environment and usually heuristic techniques a…
Spanish population trends in Internet searches for information on different diets
2019
Abstract Objective To use Google Trends to explore the trends of interest of the Spanish population regarding information related to different types of diets, focused on those that are popular and with evidence-based studies, over the last 10 years. Material and methods The search trends referred to the terms “Mediterranean diet”, “ketogenic diet”, “low fat diet”, “intermittent fasting” and “vegan diet” were analyzed. The relative search volumes (RSV) of the terms were compared. The direction of the trend was studied using the Spearman's correlation coefficient (SC). Results “Mediterranean diet” was the most widely searched term, with a median RSV of 16 (interquartile range [IQR] 6; range 8…
To incinerate or not? - Effects of incineration on the concentrations of heavy metals and leaching efficiency of post-precipitated sewage sludge (RAV…
2020
The major element and heavy metal concentrations of post-precipitated sewage sludge (PPS) and its ash residue (PPA) were determined using microwave digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To the best of our knowledge, this has not been previously done. In both PPS and PPA the heavy metal concentrations were clearly below the average concentrations than those encountered in sewage sludge in Europe. The leaching efficiency of the metal (Al/ Fe) used as a precipitation agent from post-precipitated sludge and its ash residue with phosphoric acid was also investigated with previously optimized leaching conditions. T…
Phase-noise Impact on the Performance of mmWave-radars
2019
The impact of phase noise in Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars is investigated in this paper. A FMCW signal is transmitted from the radar, reflected off a moving object and processed at a receiver in the radar. The impact of random phase noise/jitter on the performance parameters of estimated distance, speed and angle of arrival of an object is studied. Our studies show that there exists a threshold at about fifteen percent of the period of the carrier frequency, over which errors substantially manifest in the estimations. Distance estimation is less affected than speed and angle, which rely directly on the phase information for the estimations. Angl…