Search results for "juvenile"
showing 10 items of 366 documents
La emancipación compleja. Cambios en los procesos de independencia juvenil en España entre 1990 y 2020 en perspectiva comparada
2023
En esta obra se analizan los cambios en los modelos de emancipación juvenil en España en el período 1990-2020, centrándonos en la desestandarización del proceso, y la difusión de formas intermedias del mismo. La emancipación se concibe como la consecución de independencia respecto a la familia de origen, mediante un proceso complejo y multidimensional, determinado tanto por la agencia subjetiva como por la estructura social. Para el análisis empírico, se utiliza una aproximación multiestratégica: se combina un análisis comparativo de discursos de jóvenes noruegos y españoles, con un conjunto triangulado de análisis estadísticos sobre datos de encuesta transversales y longitudinales retrospe…
The phenomena of social pathology among minors within the period of 1999-2012 as a result of family dysfunction
2015
Over the last decade, the crime rate among young people has been rising, which may be caused by the growing dysfunctionality of the family. The aim of this work is to show the range of juvenile crime in recent years and the way in which the dysfunctionality of the family influences this phenomenon. To analyze the phenomenon of juvenile crime, the statistics of the Regional Police Headquarters in Opole in years 1999–2012 have been used. The analysis of the statistics has shown that over these years, the crime rate among young people has been rising and in 2012 it reaches 8.4% of all crimes. It is becoming apparent that the dysfunctionality of modern family influences the development of crime…
Effect of substrate particle size on burrowing of the juvenile freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera
2021
AbstractJuveniles of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (FPM,Margaritifera margaritifera) live burrowed in stream substrate for the first years of their life. Fine sediments block water exchange within substrate and may cause juvenile mortality and recruitment failure. To better understand the connection between success of juvenile FPM and substrate particle size, it would be important to understand behavioural responses of FPM to varying substrate sizes at this critical life stage. We placed newly detached FPM juveniles in a 7-mm layer of sieved sand sorted into five sizes (< 120, 120–200, 200–250, 250–500 and 500–650 µm) each with 10 replicate dishes, 10 juveniles per dish, with bu…
The impact of variable hatching rates on parasite control: a model of an aquatic ectoparasite in a Finnish fish farm
2006
Summary 1 Many parasites of medical and veterinary importance infect via free-living stages that undergo a period of development in the environment before seeking a host. Frequently, considerable variation is observed in the development rates of these stages, such that some individuals may be considered to occupy distinct subpopulations, similar to a plant's seed bank. Under certain conditions, these subpopulations may act as a reservoir for the parasite, buffering it from the impact of management strategies and reducing control success. 2 We assessed the impact of intraspecific variation in development rates on parasite control by developing a population dynamic model of the ectoparasite A…
Seasonal population dynamics of Zeuxapta seriolae (Monogenea: Heteraxinidae) parasitising Seriola dumerili (Carangidae) in the Western Mediterranean.
2013
We examined the seasonal and yearly population dynamics of the monogenean pathogen Zeuxapta seriolae on juvenile fish from wild populations of Seriola dumerili. The study is based on bimonthly monitoring between April, 2005 and April, 2007 off Majorca, and newly obtained monogenean population data for juvenile fish from three additional localities in the Western Mediterranean (off Alicante, Corsica and Sardinia). We documented the highest intensities and abundances of Z. seriolae, with mean abundance values similar to or higher than those reported in the single case of wild fish mortalities reported to date. There was a recurrent pattern of seasonal change in infection with Z. seriolae in t…
Infanticide and Population Growth in the Bank Vole (Myodes glareolus): The Effect of Male Turnover and Density
2011
One major intrinsic factor affecting recruitment of young into a population is infanticide, the killing of conspecific young by adult males. It occurs in most mammal species, like our study species the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), and is widely accepted as an adaptive behavior, which may increase male fitness via nutritional gain, decreased competition, or an increased access to mates. A turnover of males in a population increases the risk of infanticide owing to a disruption of social structures. In a controlled field study, we tested the effects of total male turnover and density on juvenile recruitment and female space use in experimental bank vole populations. Juvenile recruitment decl…
Life in varying environments: experimental evidence for delayed effects of juvenile environment on adult life history
2011
Summary 1. The effects of environment experienced during early development on phenotype as an adult has started to gain vast amounts of interest in various taxa. Some evidence on long-term effects of juvenile environment is available, but replicated experimental studies in wild animals are still lacking. 2. Here we report the first replicated experiment in wild mammals which examines the long-term effects of juvenile and adult environments on individual fitness (reproduction, survival and health). The early development of bank vole (Myodes glareolus) individuals took place in either foodsupplemented or un-supplemented outdoor enclosures. After the summer, adult individuals were reciprocally…
Association Study of Genetic Variants in the 14q11 - 14q13 Proteasomal Genes Cluster with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) in Latvian Population
2009
Association Study of Genetic Variants in the 14q11 - 14q13 Proteasomal Genes Cluster with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) in Latvian Population The possible role of proteasomes in the development of autoimmune diseases was hypothesised after discovery of the involvement of proteasomal LMP2 and LMP7 subunits in antigene processing. The objective of this study was to determine the association between allelic variants of the genes encoding proteasomal proteins PSME1, PSME2 and PSMA6 and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in the Latvian population. One Indel G-4543 CA-4544 →GA and four SNPs related to the PSMA6 gene (A-2486 →G and C-1910 →T, upstream promoter, C-110 →A of promoter, and C-8…
Recovery of Historically Contaminated Watercourse Polluted by the Chemical Wood Industry: EROD Activity in Fish as Biomarker
2013
Despite outstanding process alterations over decades, pulp- and paper-mill-contaminated sediments and continuing exposure by the effluents may still have effects on biota. In this study, ecotoxicological impacts in the boreal watercourse were analyzed by measuring ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) induction from wild fish populations and from experimentally exposed fish. In order to assess the role of sediment-borne chemicals, juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed in the laboratory to the surface sediments of Lake Vatianjarvi and Southern Lake Saimaa, both watercourses impacted by the chemical wood industry for approximately a century. Hepatic EROD activity was also me…
Ontogeny of gonadotropin releasing hormone and gonadotropin immunoreactivity in brain and pituitary of normal and estrogen-treated guppies, Poecilia …
1987
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropic hormone (GTH) were identified by immunohistochemistry in the brains and pituitaries of neonate, juvenile and adult guppies. GTH was present in some cells of the pars intermedia (pi) and proximal pars distalis (ppd) of all animals. GnRH was found in the perikarya of the nucleus olfactoretinalis. In the pituitaries of juvenile 30-day-old guppies, GnRH-immunoreactive cells existed in a "juvenile pattern", whereas in adult animals GnRH was recognized in only a few cells. GnRH-immunoreactive fibers were seen in the pituitaries of animals that were 30 days or older. In adult guppies, the ventral and lateral ppd (the gonadotropic region) conta…