Search results for "kaasut"
showing 10 items of 63 documents
Keski-Suomen maakunnan kasvihuonekaasupäästöt ja niiden kehitys 2000-luvulla
2010
Keski-Suomen maakuntahallitus on kansallisen ilmasto- ja energiastrategian mukaisesti käynnistänyt keväällä 2010 maakunnan ilmastostrategiatyön, jossa etsitään keinoja ilmastonmuutoksen hillintään ja ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumiseen. Jotta tavoitteita ja toimenpiteitä voidaan näille asettaa, on tunnettava alueen nykytila ja hahmotettava meneillään oleva kehityssuunta. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää Keski-Suomen maakunnan ihmisperäisten kasvihuonekaasupäästöjen nykyiset lähteet, päästöjen määrä ja niiden kehitys eri sektoreilla 2000-luvulla sekä arvioida päästöjen vähennyskeinoja. Keski-Suomessa syntyi kasvihuonekaasupäästöjä talouskasvun vuosina 2004 ja 2006 noin 3,0 miljoonaa …
Assessing greenhouse gas emission from waste management in EU countries
2012
Waste management plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The purpose of this study is to explore the economic, social and envi-ronmental factors that could significantly affect GHG emission from waste management in European Union countries. Based on the cross-section data in 2008 among European Union countries, three components (significant factors) were extracted from 12 possible factors by the principal component analysis. Also, the relation between GHG emission from waste sector and significant fac-tors was quantified through the multiple linear regression. On one hand, the results demonstrated that 42.4% of the GHG emission from waste sector could be explained…
Regularization in multistage cooperitive games
2004
Maria Dementievan väitöskirja käsittelee yhteistyöpelien teoriaa ja niiden ratkaisemista. Työssä pyritään kuvaamaan peliteorian ongelmien ratkaisujoukon ns. aliytimen ominaisuuksia. Työn päähuomio on kiinnitetty monivaiheisten yhteistyöpelien ratkaisujen aikakonsistenttisyyteen liittyvään problematiikkaan.Tämä problematiikka liittyy läheisesti proseduuriin, joka pyrkii kohdentamaan hyötyä pelaajille pelin jokaisessa vaiheessa. Työssä käsitellään myös ns. supistettua peliominaisuutta ja dynaamista konsistenttisyyttä liittyen erääseen tunnetun Davis-Maschler-pelin muunnelmaan. Tämän muunnelman aikakonsistettisyystarkasteluun esitetään uusi lähestymistapa. This thesis deals with solutions of c…
Environmental impact of household biogas plants in India local and global perspective
2004
Flat bands, Dirac cones, and atom dynamics in an optical lattice
2010
We study atoms trapped with a harmonic confinement in an optical lattice characterized by a flat band and Dirac cones. We show that such an optical lattice can be constructed which can be accurately described with the tight binding or Hubbard models. In the case of fermions the release of the harmonic confinement removes fast atoms occupying the Dirac cones while those occupying the flat band remain immobile. Using exact diagonalization and dynamics we demonstrate that a similar strong occupation of the flat band does not happen in bosonic case and furthermore that the mean field model is not capable for describing the dynamics of the boson cloud.
Dung application increases CH4 production potential and alters the composition and abundance of methanogen community in restored peatland soils from …
2018
Peatland restoration via rewetting aims to recover biological communities and biogeochemical processes typical to pristine peatlands. While rewetting promotes recovery of C accumulation favorable for climate mitigation, it also promotes methane (CH4) emissions. The potential for exceptionally high emissions after rewetting has been measured for Central European peatland sites previously grazed by cattle. We addressed the hypothesis that these exceptionally high CH4 emissions result from the previous land use. We analyzed the effects of cattle dung application to peat soils in a short- (2 weeks), a medium- (1 year) and a long-term (grazing) approach. We measured the CH4 production potentials…
Characterisation and treatment of waste incineration bottom ash and leachate
2012
Sources of nitrous oxide and the fate of mineral nitrogen in subarctic permafrost peat soils
2022
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from permafrost-affected terrestrial ecosystems have received little attention, largely because they have been thought to be negligible. Recent studies, however, have shown that there are habitats in the subarctic tundra emitting N2O at high rates, such as bare peat (BP) surfaces on permafrost peatlands. Nevertheless, the processes behind N2O production in these high-emission habitats are poorly understood. In this study, we established an in situ 15N-labeling experiment with two main objectives: (1) to partition the microbial sources of N2O emitted from BP surfaces on permafrost peatlands and (2) to study the fate of ammonium and nitrate in these soils and in …
Experimental evidence on microwave induced electron losses from ECRIS plasma
2018
The balance between warm and hot (>1 keV) electron density and their losses from the magnetic confinement system of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) plasma is considered to be one of the main factors determining the rate of the high charge state ion production. One of the key loss channels for heated electrons is thought to be induced by the injected microwaves. While this loss mechanism, referred to as rf-induced pitch angle scattering, has been studied theoretically and with computational tools, direct experimental evidence of its significance in minimum-B ECRIS plasmas remains limited. In this work, experimental evidence of microwave induced electron losses in the axial…
Influence of axial mirror ratios on the kinetic instability threshold in electron cyclotron resonance ion source plasma
2022
International audience; Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source plasmas are prone to kinetic instabilities. The onset of the instabilities manifests as emission of microwaves, bursts of electrons expelled from the plasma volume, and the collapse of the extracted highly charged ion (HCI) currents. Consequently, the instabilities limit the HCI performance of ECR ion sources by limiting the parameter space available for ion source optimization. Previous studies have shown that the transition from stable to unstable plasma regime is strongly influenced by the magnetic field structure, especially the minimum field value inside the magnetic trap (Bmin). This work focuses to study the role o…