Search results for "kani"

De novo Synthesis of Chemical Defenses in an Aposematic Moth

2018

Many animals protect themselves from predation with chemicals, both self-made or sequestered from their diet. The potential drivers of the diversity of these chemicals have been long studied, but our knowledge of these chemicals and their acquisition mode is heavily based on specialist herbivores that sequester their defenses. The wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis, Linnaeus, 1758) is a well-studied aposematic species, but the nature of its chemical defenses has not been fully described . Here, we report the presence of two methoxypyrazines, 2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine, in the moths’ defensive secretions. By raising larvae on an artificial diet, we confir…

Pavisam briesmīgā "Jaunā avīze". Skrejlapa par bada katastrofu Kurzemes hercogistē 17.gadsimta sākumā

2018

Pavisam briesmīgā “Jaunā avīze”. Skrejlapa par bada katastrofu Kurzemes hercogistē 17. gadsimta sākumā. Maģistra darbs. Autore Māra Kairiša, darba vadītāja Dr. phil. Dzintra Lele-Rozentāle, zinātniskais konsultants Dr. phil. Manfrēds fon Betihers (Manfred von Boetticher). Darbā tiek aprakstīta un analizēta situācija senās Livonijas teritorijā, Latvijas un Vācijas sociālās attiecības 17.gadsimta sākumā, bada katastrofa un kanibālisms, informācijas nodošana agrīnajā mūsdienu periodā un galvenā avota teksta valodas iezīmes, pētot vācu mācītāja Frīdriha Engelkena 1602.gadā rakstītu tekstu par notikumiem Kurzemes hercogistē, kur viņš pildīja mācītāja pienākumus. Raksts tika izdots skrejlapas vei…

Naisten keihäänheiton biomekaaninen analyysi Helsingin EM-kilpailuissa 2012

2016

Keihäänheitto on räjähtävää voimaa ja nopeutta vaativa tekninen laji. Perustekniikka on kaikilla samanlainen, mutta tekniikassa on yksilöllistä vaihtelua. Suoritus alkaa alkuvauhdilla, josta siirrytään heittoaskeleisiin. Heittoaskelten viimeinen ristiaskel on tärkeä, jotta päästään mahdollisimman hyvin vetovaiheeseen. Vetovaihe kestää vain noin 100–150 millisekuntia ja sen aikana heittäjän tulisi pystyä tekemään monimutkainen liikeketju oikea-aikaisesti ja oikeassa järjestyksessä. Keihään lähtönopeus on tärkein yksittäinen tekijä, joka vaikuttaa heiton pituuteen. Lähtönopeuteen vaikuttavia tekijöitä on paljon, eikä niistä yksikään ole osoittautunut muita merkittävämmäksi. Tämän työn tarkoit…

Neuromuscular interaction during human walking : how do changes in muscle–tendon mechanics affect the motor control of walking?

2009

Muscle-Tendon Interaction During Human Dolphin-Kick Swimming

2019

Without high impact forces, it is not clear how humans can utilize tendon elasticity during low-impact activities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the muscle-tendon behavior together with the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle during the human dolphin-kicking. In a swimming pool, each subject (n = 11) swam the 25 m dolphin-kicking at two different speeds (NORMAL and FAST). Surface EMGs were recorded from the VL and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Simultaneous recordings of the knee joint angle by electro-goniometer and of the VL fascicle length by ultrasonography were used to calculate the muscle-tendon unit and tendinous length of VL(L-MTU a…

Self-selected running gait modifications reduce acute impact loading, awkwardness, and effort

2021

Impact loading has been associated with running-related injuries, and gait retraining has been suggested as a means of reducing impact loading and lowering the risk of injury. However, gait retraining can lead to increased perceived awkwardness and effort. The influence of specifically trained and self-selected running gait modifications on acute impact loading, perceived awkwardness and effort is currently unclear. Sixteen habitual rearfoot/midfoot runners performed forefoot strike pattern, increased step rate, anterior trunk lean and self-selected running gait modifications on an instrumented treadmill based on real-time biofeedback. Impact loading, perceived awkwardness and effort scores…

Motor unit activation and force production during eccentric, concentric and isometric actions

2002

The aim of the present series of studies is to examine force and myoelectrical activity in human forearm flexors and knee extensors during dynamic and isometric muscle actions. The main purposes are 1) to clarify the methodological issues regarding the measurements of maximal force, EMG and EMG power spectrum in eccentric, concentric and isometric conditions, 2) to examine the motor unit activation patterns during dynamic and isometric actions by following the behavior of the EMG power spectrum and by utilizing selective intramuscular fine wire electrodes, and 3) to examine the effects of fatigue on force production, aEMG and EMG power spectrum in eccentric and concentric actions.

Factors related to excessive patellofemoral loading in rearfoot running

2015

Running is recognized as one of the most popular exercise methods. Furthermore, running related injuries have been under the scope for the last few decades. Synchronous function between the segments of the lower limbs is necessary for efficient locomotion. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common exercise related syndrome and multifactorial in nature. The purpose of this study was to measure contact forces and frontal plane moments to detect the factors that are associated with atypically high patellofemoral joint loading in rearfoot striking (RFS) running pattern, and moreover, which could possibly contribute to development of the patellofemoral pain syndrome. 39 team sport female athletes…

A particle based simulation model for glacier dynamics

2013

This publication is contribution number 22 of the Nordic Centre of Excellence SVALI, “Stability and Variations of Arctic Land Ice”, funded by the Nordic Top-level Research Initiative (TRI). The work has been supported by the SVALI project through the University of Lapland, Arctic Centre, and through the University Centre in Svalbard. Funding was also provided by the Conoco-Phillips and Lunding High North Research Program (CRIOS: Calving Rates and Impact on Society). A particle-based computer simulation model was developed for investigating the dynamics of glaciers. In the model, large ice bodies are made of discrete elastic particles which are bound together by massless elastic beams. These…

Improving on the Development of the Downtown Area as a Direction for the Spatial Policy of Opole

2018

Śródmieście stanowi niezwykle cenny, historycznie ukształtowany obszar zabudowy mieszkaniowo- usługowej. W polityce przestrzennej miasta zbyt mało uwagi poświęca się jednak zachowaniu bądź kształtowaniu odpowiednich warunków życia mieszkańców śródmieść przy jednoczesnym uwzględnieniu i ochronie walorów kompozycyjno-estetycznych. Powszechny chaos w zagospodarowaniu terenów śródmiejskich i brak odpowiednich regulacji w gospodarce przestrzennej prowadzi do powstawania licznych konfliktów i w efekcie do wycofywania się funkcji mieszkaniowej z centrum miasta. Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie problemów występujących w śródmieściu oraz wykazanie, że możliwe jest poprawienie warunków życia mies…