Search results for "keskiaika"
showing 10 items of 49 documents
Ajatuksella ja ahkeruudella kolmen suvun vaiheista neljältä vuosisadalta
2018
Kirja-arvio teoksesta Immonen, Perttu: Suomen rahvaan historia. Kolmen suvun elämää keskiajalta 1800-luvulle. Atena Kustannus Oy, 2017. 639 sivua. ISBN 978- 952-300-335-4. Perttu Immonen yhdistää teoksessaan mielenkiintoisesti ja elävästi mikro- ja makrohistorian varhaismodernin ajan Suomessa. Hän seuraa kronologisesti kolmen eri seutukunnan: LänsiSuomen Sastamalan, Itä-Suomen Rantasalmen ja Pohjanmaan Kokkolan tapahtumia. Poikkeuksellisen ankarien aikojen kuvauksesta muodostuu moniulotteinen ja alueiden erilaisia kohtaloita tarkasteleva analyysi. nonPeerReviewed
Human Sociability in Antonio Montecatini's (1537–99) Commentary on Aristotle's Politics
2021
The present article delves into the history of political philosophy by discussing human sociability in Antonio Montecatini's (1537–99) commentary on Aristotle's Politics. The focus is on a philosophical analysis of three interrelated ideas that Montecatini discusses: (1) Aristotle's dictum that human beings are political animals by nature; (2) naturalness of the household; and (3) the nature and origin of political communities. Montecatini's views are briefly related to those of John Case (ca. 1546–1600), and they are also contextualized within the late medieval commentary tradition on the Politics, but the main aim is to clarify Montecatini's philosophical position and examine the ways in …
Keisarin valta : bysanttilaisen historiankirjoituksen kautta tarkasteltuna 300 - 1100 -luvuilla
2012
Pro gradu -tutkielma käsittelee bysanttilaisen keisarin valtaa bysanttilaisen historiankirjoituksen kautta tarkasteltuna 300 - 1100 -luvuilla. Keisarin valtaa tarkastellaan ideologisella ja aatteellisella tasolla sekä keisarin valtaoikeuksia käytännössä. Bysanttilaisen keisarin valta oli yhdistelmä roomalais-hellenististä hallitsijaperinnettä sekä kristillistä arvomaailmaa. Keisarin vallan aatteellista puolta tarkastellaan esimerkiksi vallan legitimoinnin, valtaannousun ja vallanperimyksen kautta. Bysantin keisari oli hallitsijaideologian mukaan yksinvaltias: hän hallitsi valtakuntaansa sekä bysanttilaista kansainyhteisöä, sekä toimi idän kirkon johtohahmona. Keisarin vallalla oli kuitenkin…
Evil lords, benign historians: strongman politics in medieval India and Renaissance Florence
2019
Recent developments in Europe and the United States (US) attest to an increasing fascination with and nostalgia for the strong leaders of the past – especially those that emerged in the aftermath o...
“Like Ants in a Colony We Do Our Share”: Political Animals in Medieval Philosophy
2021
This chapter discusses the reception of the Aristotelian concept of ‘political animal’ in thirteenth and fourteenth century Latin philosophy. Aristotle thought that there are other political animals besides human beings, and his idea of what it means to be a political animal was partially based on biological needs and desires that lead animals to live together. By analysing what medieval philosophers thought of other political animals - such as ants, bees, and cranes - and of the biological basis of the political nature of humans, the chapter elaborates on the precise meaning of the concept of political animal. It is argued that biological aspects play a significant role in medieval views, …
Cognitive Dispositions in the Psychology of Peter John Olivi
2018
This chapter discusses Peter John Olivi’s (1248–1298) conception of the role of dispositions (habitus) in sensory cognition from metaphysical and psychological perspectives. It shows that Olivi makes a distinction between two general types of disposition. Some of them account for the ease, or difficulty, with which different persons use their cognitive powers, while others explain why people react differently to things that they perceive or think. This distinction is then applied to Olivi’s analysis of three different psychological operations, where the notion of disposition figures prominently; estimative perception, perceptual clarity, and the perception of pain and pleasure. The chapter …
Perceiving As : Non-conceptual Forms of Perception in Medieval Philosophy
2019
This chapter focuses on thirteenth-century Latin discussions concerning the psychological processes that explain some of the most sophisticated features of perceptual experience. Sense perception primarily conveys information about the sensible qualities of external objects; we see colours, hear sounds, taste flavours, and so forth. Yet, our experience of the external world contains several elements that cannot be reduced to these qualities. To name a few, external objects are perceived as three-dimensional bundles of properties, as useful or harmful for the perceiving subject, and as objects of desires, fears, and other emotions, and they are conceptualised in various ways—in short, they a…