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L'apprentissage implicite d'une grammaire artificielle chez l'enfant avec et sans retard mental : rôle des propriétés du matériel et influence des in…
2010
This thesis investigates artificial grammar implicit learning in mentally retarded and typically developing children through the role of the surface features (adjacent or non-adjacent repetitions) of the material and the influence of test instructions (implicit or explicit generation tests). One of the aims is to differentiate between four of the main implicit learning models by examining the sensitivity to the perceptually salient features of the material presented to children of different ages. The robustness of implicit learning capacities in the face of development and intellectual level is equally tested according to the permeability of the test instructions to explicit influences. Fin…
Transcodage des nombres chez l'enfant : approche développementale, inter-linguistique et différentielle
2010
Number transcoding in children is a domain rarely investigated. The PhD goal is to test the main predictions allowed by the transcoding model “ADAPT” of Barrouillet et al. (2004) in particular its ADAPTBASIC version concerning transcoding at the beginning of learning. Unlike the other transcoding models (e.g., McCloskey on 1992), ADAPT is a developmental, asemantic and procedural model. In this research the concerned transcoding allows to shift the verbal form of number to Arabic form. This thesis questions the acquisition of transcoding and its development with learning, as well as the impact of the inter-linguistic and individual differences. To reach these objectives, we adopted a develo…
La mère, son bébé et la nourriture : approche exploratoire multidisciplinaire
2010
In the present study we videotaped 60 French speaking mothers and their healthy toddlers (from 1 to 2 years old) during different meal sessions. Using an exploratory and multi-disciplinary approach, including sociology/anthropology, developmental psychology and clinical psychology, our study illustrates the complexity of investigating feeding and eating interactions between mothers and toddlers. We illustrate how mothers’ representations of food and maternal own experiences around food influence their will to transmit feeding values and habits to their toddlers but also their feeding educative practices. Furthermore, we show how individual’s characteristics can influence the quality of feed…
Etude des tracas quotidiens des étudiants de Grandes Ecoles : liens avec la santé perçue, la qualité de vie et importance de la prise en compte de l'…
2011
Pas de résumé anglais
Microfibres for nonlinear optics
2011
In this thesis, I present my works on the fabrication, the characterization and the use of optical microfibres. Microfibres are optical fibres drawn down to sub-wavelength diameters by a temperature controlled process. Due to their small dimensions, microfibers have very special properties such as a high confinement of the electromagnetic field, a enhanced non-linear coefficient and a large evanescent tail. These properties are studied in the first chapter, after which a description of the techniques used for the drawing and manipulation of the microfibres is given. Next, we present our experiments on non-linear effects in silica microfibres. In particular, we show that it is possible to ge…
Système sémantique pour la customisation dynamique des modèles d'information de la PLM
2013
We live in the information age. Data has become an essential asset for most everyday situations and business interactions. The need to share data, to generate information, and create new knowledge from that data is common to all fields of research and all economic activity. Managing data is a critical, and sometimes costly, process. When not properly defined, data might become incomplete, inconsistent or, even worse, unusable. Requirements for data evolve and we must define new data or update existing data over the entire data lifecycle. Evolving data requirements is an important issue and a technological challenge as it is not possible to define, in advance, information structures that mee…
Optimal control and applications to orbital transfer and almost-riemannian geometry
2010
In this thesis we focus on optimal control techniques as well as geometric control techniques applied to the orbital transfer problem and to almost-Riemannian geometry. In these cases, Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle allows to analyse the extremal flow of affine control systems.In the case of a satellite with low-thrust propulsion, averaging techniques give an approximated system. Averaging is explicit in the energy minimization case and is directly related to almost-riemannian problems. The geometric analysis of such problems is generalized by the study of metrics on the two-sphere of revolution. In this way it is possible to classify the situations considering the transcendance of the solu…
Simulation d'images d'un futur imageur multispectral géostationaire dédié à la couleur de l'eau : étude de l'influence des angles d'observation et d'…
2011
Improvements of optical sensors now make it possible to launch medium spatial and high spectral resolution sensors on the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO). The GEO allows sensors to observe the Earth with high temporal resolution, unlike Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The objective of this thesis is to simulate radiance images that would be provided by a theoretical ocean color sensor, on a geostationary orbit, in order to characterize the images to be acquired, to specify the future instruments and to validate the image processing algorithms. For this purpose, we have combined a radiative transfer model for ocean waters (Hydrolight) and a radiative transfer model for the atmosphere (MODT…
Saproxylic beetle assemblages in the Mediterranean region:Impact of forest management on richness and structure
2010
Forests cover almost 30% of the Mediterranean region today, yet forest management activities have influenced structure and composition of both natural and planted forests. To date no study has been conducted to evaluate the impact of forest management on saproxylic beetle assemblages, although it is known that the Mediterranean is a biodiversity hotspot with a long-lasting human pressure on natural habitats. We provide an overview of saproxylic beetle assemblages of three forest types (mature Pinus halepensis forests, mature Pinus brutia forests, young Quercus calliprinos forests) in the East Mediterranean region using a one-year sample from 12 forest plots located in the north of Israel. T…
Chemical and acidic composition of Longissimus dorsi muscle of Comisana lambs fed with Trifolium subterraneum and Lolium multiflorum
2010
Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of grazing on Trifolium subterraneum and Lolium multiflorum, as pure or associated crops, on the chemical composition and on the fatty acid profile of the intramuscular lipids of the meat of lambs. Forty Comisana male lambs, on average weighing 13.75±1.90 kg, were divided into four homogenous groups of ten and called, in relation to the diet: group T those grazing on T. subterraneum; Group L on L. multiflorum; Group TL on adjacent monocultures of T. subterraneum and L. multiflorum (66.6 and 33.3% of surface, respectively); Group LT on adjacent monocultures of T. subterraneum and L. multiflorum (33.3 and 66.6% of surface, respectively). Every 10 …