Search results for "kidney"
showing 10 items of 1514 documents
Chronic kidney disease and dialysis therapy: incidence and prevalence in the world
2021
Сhronic kidney disease (CKD) is the important public and medical problem in the world because of a large burden on health care systems. The prevalence of CKD and number of dialysis patients are increasing in the world. The prevalence and incidence of CKD depends on age, race, and gender of patients, region, and the presence of the CKD registry in a country. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are the most common causes of end stage renal disease (ESRD). It is projected that the number of dialysis patients will reach 5.5 million in 2030. Specific strategies and interventions should be urgently aimed at reducing in the burden of CKD by means of the prevention, detection and …
Takayasu's disease effects on the kidneys: current perspectives.
2018
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic vasculitis disease of unknown etiology. Clinically significant renal disease is relatively common, and renovascular hypertension is the major renal problem. The assessment of TA activity is usually challenging because vascular inflammation may progress to fixed vascular injury without findings of active disease. Until now, the best therapeutic options have not been identified. This review highlights the current perspectives of renal involvement in TA.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF URINARY LITHIASIS
2007
Urine is a complex balanced solution containing dissociated and non-dissociated solutes. Any variation in urine saturation grade (number of crystals dissolved in a volume of urine), urinary pH and the concentration of crystallization inhibitors can break the normal existing balance and lead to urolithiasis. In the present article we analyze the principal mechanisms (absorptive, renal, resorptive) of hypercalciuria. It will be also shown how heredity directly influences the clinical aspects of cystine, xanthine and oxalate lithiasis and how diet, in association with metabolic disorders, interferes in uric acid and oxalate stone formation. Finally, we report on the roles of urinary tract malf…
Review of the renal endpoints used in cardiovascular safety clinical trials in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their importance in primary care.
2019
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, CKD confers a considerable increase in the risk of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. In line with the need to improve knowledge in this field, this article aims to describe the renal endpoints used in the different cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs). The objective is to better know the renal variables used in the different CVOTs in order to optimize the implementation of advances in the prevention of progressive diabetic kidney disease in patients with T2DM in clinical practice.
Proteinuria-Lowering Effects of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Real-World Multicentri…
2021
Control of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not always guaranteed with statins and/or ezetimibe. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) have opened up a new era in lipid control, but their effect on renal function and proteinuria in real life have not yet been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to analyze the evolution of renal function and proteinuria in a cohort of CKD patients treated with PCSK9i. This retrospective multicentric cohort study included CKD patients treated with PCSK9i. Baseline epidemiological data, comorbidities and laboratory findings (including estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], proteinuria and lipid profile) …
Wine consumption and renal diseases: new perspectives.
2006
Investigations into the relation between wine consumption and kidney disease have been limited. Patients with chronic renal failure show accelerated atherosclerotic damage and, considering the well-known protective effect of wine on the cardiovascular system, moderate wine consumption might be advantageous. Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which are inter-related, play a role in the pathophysiology of many renal diseases, including acute and chronic renal failure. Ethanol and non-alcoholic wine components, especially polyphenols, influence oxidative balance and endothelial function. Although long-term alcohol abuse has been associated with many renal alterations in humans, in e…
Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes, and Risk of Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insight From the FAST-MI Program
2020
Diabetes is associated with a substantially increased risk of all-cause death, mainly driven by cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Furthermore, diabetes is associated with poorer outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (1). Impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is also associated with an increased risk of CV mortality (2). However, whether diabetes still confers a higher risk of mortality in patients with impaired GFR remains unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term prognostic significance of both diabetes and renal impairment in two prospective nationwide cohorts of AMI patients: FAST-MI (French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation or non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarc…