Search results for "kompostointi"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Temporal perspective of humification of organic matter
2004
Humustumisprosessissa kuollut orgaaninen aines hajoaa maaperässä. Osa tästä orgaanisesta aineesta mineralisoituu hiilidioksidiksi ja vedeksi lopun jäädessä maaperään ja muodostaa humusaineita, joita ovat humushappo, fulvohappo ja humiini. Humusaineilla, erityisesti humushappojakeella, on myönteisiä vaikutuksia maaperään sekä kasvien kasvuun. Huolimatta yli 200 vuoden tutkimuksista yksiselitteistä teoriaa humushappojen kemiallisesta rakenteesta tai niiden synteesistä ei vielä ole esitetty. Osa teorioista painottaa humushappojen rakenteen keskeisinä tekijöinä ligniiniä ja aromaattisuutta, osa teorioista taas korostaa hiilihydraattien ja alifaattisuuden merkitystä.Koivulan tutkimuksessa ns. hi…
Odorous volatile organic compounds in waste and wastewater management
2012
Aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill sludges
1997
The feasibility of aerobic vessel composting and anaerobic digestion for the treatment of pulp and paper mill sludges were studied. The composting studies made use of primary and secondary sludge from a de-inking and paper mill. In six parallely aerated 500 1 vessels with various carbon : nitrogen (C:N) -ratios, the most optimal performance was obtained with C:N -ratios of c. 22–35, while higher and lower ratios delayed the temperature increase. With the optimal ratios, the thermophilic stage was reached within 36 h, and the stage lasted for about seven days. In the scale-up study (18 m3 compost vessel), the thermophilic stage was reached within 24 h. An effective dehydratation of the mass …
A preliminary study on the ecotoxic potency of wastewater treatment plant sludge combining passive sampling and bioassays.
2021
Highlights • The passive samplers collected bioavail able and bioaccessible chemicals from the WWTP sludge samples. • The sampler extracts were acutely and chronically toxic to water flea. • The sampler extracts were cytotoxic and genotoxic. • The sludge treatment such as composting and digesting diminished the toxicity. • Effect-based methods should be part of the risk assessment of sludge recycling. Sewage sludge is an inevitable byproduct produced in wastewater treatment. Reusing nutrient-rich sludge will diminish the amount of waste ending in soil dumping areas and will promote circular economy. However, during sewage treatment process, several potentially harmful organic chemicals are …
Low-weight carboxylic acids as potential risk factor of compost phytotoxicity
2009
Being intermediates of organic matter degradation, low-weight carboxylic acids (LWCA) can occur at phytotoxic concentrations on bioactive soils or in the processed organic material applied to soil. While toxicity potentials and mixture effects of LWCA are still poorly known, the potential phytotoxicity of the biomaterials is difficult to assess. In the study effective concentrations (EC) of formic, acetic and propionic acids at non adjusted pH were obtained in short-term germination assays (48 h for cress, Lepidium sativum, and 120 h for ryegrass Lolium multiflorum) and subchronic growth assays (21d). Based on the EC values, LWCA inhibited more strongly plant growth than seed germination. I…
Role of low-weight carboxylic acids in phytotoxicity of composts
2013
Kemiantehtaan jätehuoltosuunnitelman päivittäminen ja orgaanisen karboksimetyyliselluloosajätteen biologinen käsittely
2006
Risk of Invasive Lupinus polyphyllus Seed Survival in Biomass Treatment Processes
2021
Invasive plant species threaten native species and habitats causing ecologic, economic and social burden. When creating climate friendly solutions by utilizing plant biomasses in biogas and fertilizer production, safety should be ensured concerning the use of residues. This study concentrates on the treatment of biomasses containing invasive plant material by tunnel and windrow composting, and by farm-scale and laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) in mesophilic conditions. Germination of the nationally settled and harmful invasive species Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. was investigated after these processes. In addition, the role of the conditions found in the processes that destroyed seed…