Search results for "lactulose"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Ethanol Production by Selected Intestinal Microorganisms and Lactic Acid Bacteria Growing under Different Nutritional Conditions
2016
To gain some specific insight into the roles microorganisms might play in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), some intestinal and lactic acid bacteria and one yeast (Anaerostipes caccae, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bifidobacterium longum, Enterococcus fecalis, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella confusa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography for production of ethanol when grown on different carbohydrates: hexoses (glucose and fructose), pentoses (arabinose and ribose), disaccharides (lactose and lactulose), and inulin. Highest amounts of ethanol were produced by S. …
Effect of lactose, lactulose and bisacodyl on gastrointestinal transit studied by metal detector.
2007
SUMMARY Aim and methods: To study the effect of 45 g lactose, 30 g lactulose and 10 mg bisacodyl on gastrointestinal transit in 30 healthy volunteers by metal detector and Hinton marker method. The first set of measurements were performed under standard conditions. In a second stage, transit was slowed to twice the original value by loperamide to simulate constipation conditions. Results: Bisacodyl drastically accelerated small and large intestinal transit. Colonic transit was shortened to 23 % and to 31% of control values, without and with loperamide. Bisacodyl increased stool weight and decreased stool consistency in all persons. Lactulose marginally shortened small intestinal transit (P=…
Small intestine bacterial overgrowth and irritable bowel syndrome-related symptoms: Experience with Rifaximin
2009
AIM: To estimate the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in our geographical area (Western Sicily, Italy) by means of an observational study, and to gather information on the use of locally active, non-absorbable antibiotics for treatment of SIBO. METHODS: Our survey included 115 patients fulfilling the Rome II criteria for diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); a total of 97 patients accepted to perform a breath test with lactulose (BTLact), and those who had a positive test, received Rifaximin (Normix®, Alfa Wassermann) 1200 mg/d for 7 d; 3 wk after the end of treatment, the BTLact was repeated. RESULTS: Based on the BTLact results, SIBO was present in about 5…
Structural differences of prebiotic oligosaccharides influence their capability to enhance iron absorption in deficient rats
2014
This study evaluates the influence of novel galacto-oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (GOS-Lu), kojibiose or 4′-galactosyl-kojibiose in hematological parameters of Fe homeostasis using Fe-deficient animals. Liver TfR-2, IL-6, NFκB and PPAR-γ expression (mRNA) were also determined by RT-qPCR analyses, and active hepcidin peptide production and short chain fatty acids by LC coupled to MS/MS or UV detection. Feeding animals with GOS-Lu or kojibiose together with FeCl3 increased hemoglobin (Hb) production (by 17%) and mean Hb concentration into erythrocytes relative to animals administered with FeCl3 alone (14.1% and 19.7%, respectively). Animals administered with prebiotics showed decrea…
Management of hepatic encephalopathy in Germany: a survey among physicians
2020
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe complication of liver cirrhosis with impairment of quality of life and prognosis. Management patterns among physicians have not been investigated yet. A questionnaire containing 17 questions was sent out to 1468 gastroenterologists and 120 general practitioners (GPs). It included questions regarding diagnostic, therapeutic, and management strategies used in patients with overt HE (OHE) and covert HE (CHE). The response rate was 12 % (n = 172) for gastroenterologists and 45 % (n = 54) for GPs. Of gastroenterologists, 26.7 % examine patients with an initial diagnosis of liver cirrhosis regarding HE. Gastroenterologists favored a combination of differen…
Effectiveness and tolerability of amidotrizoate for the treatment of constipation resistant to laxatives in advanced cancer patients.
2011
Abstract Context Constipation is a common problem for advanced cancer patients, and is generally inadequately treated. Objectives The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of amidotrizoate (AM) in patients unresponsive to current laxatives. Methods A consecutive sample of advanced cancer patients was surveyed. Inclusion criteria were no bowel movements for three days despite receiving regular doses of senna or lactulose. AM 50mL was administered orally; the dose could be repeated the day after, based on clinical judgment and/or patients' preference. Age, sex, primary tumor, previous abdominal surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy performed in th…
Hydrogen- and Methane-Based Breath Testing and Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure
2019
Background: Recent evidence endorses gut microbiota dysregulation in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) might be present in HF and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Lactulose breath testing is a simple noninvasive test that has been advocated as a reliable indicator of SIBO. In patients with HF, we aimed to evaluate the association with clinical outcomes of the exhaled hydrogen (H-2) and methane (CH4) concentrations through the lactulose breath test. Methods and Results: We included 102 patients with HF in which lactulose SIBO breath tests were assessed. Cumulative gas was quantified by the area under the receiver operating characte…
Two Methods for Highlighting the Influence of Sugars Type on Fermentation Processes Produced by Staphylococcus Carnosus and Lactobacillus Curvatus
2011
Purpose of this paper is to establish the influence of different types of sugars on fermentation processes found in the meat industry. In the analysis used a mixture of bacteria (Lactobacillus curvatus and Staphylococcus carnosus ), and the types of sugars were used lactose, lactulose, sucrose and two types of glucose syrup. To highlight the speed with which the fermentation process takes place, the variation in pH for the environment and the amount of energy released during biotechnological processes was measured.
Lactitol in treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. A meta-analysis.
1993
The efficacy and side effects of lactitol in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy was compared to that of other disaccharides in a meta-analysis of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The outcomes assessed were: (1) the rate of patients free from episodes of clinically detectable encephalopathy, and (2) the rate of patients free from one or more side effects in the different treatment groups. Four RCTs were eligible for analysis; in three lactitol was compared to lactulose, in one the alternative treatment was lactose in lactase-deficient patients. The methodological quality of these studies was high. Meta-analysis showed that lactitol was as effective as other disacchar…
Quality of life as a therapeutic objective in the management of hepatic encephalopathy and the potential role of rifaximin-α
2021
Objective Quality of life (QoL) is impaired in patients with hepatic encephalopathy and rifaximin-α can improve QoL within 6 months. This study assessed the importance of QoL as a therapeutic objective in hepatic encephalopathy management; whether QoL is routinely assessed in hepatic encephalopathy patients in clinical practice and the role of rifaximin-α in this context. Methods A survey was conducted of healthcare professionals (HCPs) from Europe and Australia involved in hepatic encephalopathy management. HCPs rated the importance of a range of therapeutic objectives on a 1–7 Likert scale (1 = not at all important; 7 = extremely important). HCPs were also required to provide three patien…