Search results for "language use"
showing 10 items of 5440 documents
Diversity Management in Memetic Algorithms
2012
In Evolutionary Computing, Swarm Intelligence, and more generally, populationbased algorithms diversity plays a crucial role in the success of the optimization. Diversity is a property of a group of individuals which indicates how much these individuals are alike. Clearly, a group composed of individuals similar to each other is said to have a low diversity whilst a group of individuals dissimilar to each other is said to have a high diversity. In computer science, in the context of population-based algorithms the concept of diversity is more specific: the diversity of a population is a measure of the number of different solutions present, see [239].
A Primer on Memetic Algorithms
2012
Memetic Algorithms (MAs) are population-based metaheuristics composed of an evolutionary framework and a set of local search algorithms which are activated within the generation cycle of the external framework, see [376]. The earliest MA implementation has been given in [621] in the context of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) while an early systematic definition has been presented in [615]. The concept of meme is borrowed from philosophy and is intended as the unit of cultural transmission. In other words, complex ideas can be decomposed into memes which propagate andmutate within a population.Culture, in this way, constantly undergoes evolution and tends towards progressive improvemen…
Modernizando la nación : Democracia y autoritarismo en el comité fílmico de la industria petrolera (Venezuela, 1947-1951)
2020
Tras la reforma petrolera de 1943, las compañías petroleras transnacionales con intereses en Venezuela se alinearon con el nacionalismo moderado de las nuevas élites gobernantes y se presentaron como indispensables para el progreso de la nación. Para esto, establecieron departamentos de relaciones públicas, programas de responsabilidad social y de mecenazgo cultural (Tinker Salas, 2009). En este contexto, también crearon programas fílmicos destinados a su fuerza laboral y al público venezolano. El primero de estos programas fue el Comité Fílmico de la Industria Petrolera (1947-1951). Enfocando este programa fílmico desde la categoría cine empresarial, propuesta por Hediger y Vonderau (2009a…
Selection of low investment in sex in a cyclically parthenogenetic rotifer
2009
Cyclical parthenogens, which combine asexual and sexual reproduction, are good models for research into the ecological and population processes affecting the evolutionary maintenance of sex. Sex in cyclically parthenogenetic rotifers is necessary for diapausing egg production, which is essential to survive adverse conditions between planktonic growing seasons. However, within a planktonic season sexual reproduction prevents clonal proliferation. Hence, clones with a low propensity for sex should be selected, becoming dominant in the population as the growing season progresses. In this context, we studied the dynamics of the heritable variation in propensity for sexual reproduction among clo…
Context of validation of non-formal and informal learning in Spain: a comprehensive view
2019
The system of validation and accreditation of professional qualifications in Spain is offered as a certification opportunity, especially for vulnerable groups. The procedure is presented as an evaluative proposal that allows some inequalities associated with training and employment to be addressed. In this article we analyse whether this system really fosters social cohesion, considering the political situation that frames the procedure and the educational approach underlying it. The research methodology combines the documentary analysis and interviews with the application of the Delphi method. The most relevant results show that the socio-political context is favourable to competences accr…
Metro Manila’s Challenges: Flooding, Housing and Mobility
2014
Among the many challenges faced by MetroManila, the National Capital Region of the Philippines, three appear as the most pressing issues for the everydaylife of its citizens: housing, flooding and traffic. The rapid increase in population of the metropolitan area had led to a mushrooming of substandard housing and squatting, sometimes in danger areas such as waterways and transport lanes. In a tropical context of heavy monsoon rains and frequent typhoons, riverside slums impeding the flow of water appear as one of the reasons—not the only one—why Manila floods, when at the same time people are placed at high risk. Coupled with a lack of available space throughout the metropolis, the high po…
Design of virtual environments for the treatment of agoraphobia: Inclusion of culturally relevant elements for the population of the Dominican Republ…
2020
Abstract Virtual Reality is a powerful tool for the treatment of agoraphobia. However, how effective is the use of these scenarios when they do not resemble the sociocultural context? Literature suggests that the inclusion of culturally relevant elements increases the ecological validity and transferability of learning since it reduces the gap between the virtual and real context. Unfortunately, in Latin America, the development of virtual environments is incipient, and the use of generic virtual environments is commonplace. The objective of this study was to develop virtual environments that include elements that are culturally relevant to the population of the Dominican Republic. Three hu…
<em>Grid</em> poblacional 2011 para España. Evaluación metodológica de diversas posibilidades de elaboración
2017
Este trabajo presenta una evaluación, desde el punto de vista del usuario, de la malla regular (grid) de población, con resolución de 1 km2 , que el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) ha hecho pública a partir de los resultados del Censo de Población y Viviendas 2011. Esta forma de difusión de resultados resulta muy novedosa y ofrece un gran valor analítico. Por primera vez esta información sobre la distribución espacial de la población se ha generado desde abajo (bottom-up) para el conjunto de España, es decir, a partir del conocimiento de las coordenadas de cada hogar, considerando como tales las del edificio donde reside. La disponibilidad de otra grid con idéntica resolución, elabo…
Análisis preliminar de las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento para evaluar las actitudes hacia la sexualidad de las personas con discapacida…
2021
La salud sexual de las personas con discapacidad física (PDF) no sólo se ve influenciada por las limitaciones derivadas de la propia discapacidad sobre todo a la hora de iniciar contactos sino también, y sobre todo, por la estigmatización social. Creencias como que poseer un cuerpo con una funcionalidad no normativa puede interferir en la conducta sexual y en su función reproductiva son muestras de ello. Así mismo, se ha comprobado que la familia y los profesionales que se proporcionan apoyos a las PDF son el principal agente de formación, por lo que sus actitudes hacia la sexualidad de este colectivo van a condicionar su desarrollo sexual y la vivencia que hagan de la misma. Dada la import…
Context-dependent foraging habitat selection in a farmland raptor along an agricultural intensification gradient
2021
Abstract Gradients of agricultural intensification in agroecosystems may determine uneven resource availability for predators relying on these man-made habitats. In turn, these variations in resource availability may affect predators’ habitat selection patterns, resulting in context-dependent habitat selection. We assessed the effects of gradients of landscape composition and configuration on habitat selection of a colonial farmland bird of prey, the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), relying on 76 GPS-tracked nestling-rearing individuals from 10 populations scattered along an agricultural intensification gradient. Analyses were conducted considering two ecological levels of aggregation (the …