Search results for "laser"
showing 10 items of 3161 documents
Raman spectra of (PbS)1.18(TiS2)2 misfit compound
2007
Abstract A Raman study on the (PbS)1.18(TiS2)2 semiconductor structure with incommensurate layers (misfit) is reported. The different bands observed in the spectra are attributed to both the TiS2 host layers, at 219 (Eg) and 333 (A1g) cm−1, and the intercalated PbS layers: the LO(Γ), 2LO and 3LO phonons at 203, 412 and 634 cm−1, respectively. A phonon peak probably related to the superposition of TiS2 and PbS vibrations, was observed near 286 cm−1. The decrease of the phonon wave numbers (of the modes located at 203, 333, 412, and 634 cm−1) with increasing laser power pointed out negative temperature coefficients of these modes. A peak appearing with laser power near 151 cm−1 is discussed. …
Diode laser reliability in dynamic laser speckle application: Stability and signal to noise ratio
2018
Abstract The biospeckle, or dynamic laser speckle, is used as a potential tool to monitor activity in many biological and non-biological materials from agriculture to medicine, and it is usually based on the use of He-Ne and diode lasers, the latter of which has great potential to be embedded in portable equipment. Some queries about the stability of the diode laser were raised, such as the real influence of the mode hopping phenomenon as a drawback in solid-state devices in comparison to the well-known He-Ne lasers, and thus we decided to test it . In addition, we present an alternative way to enhance the stability and the signal-to-noise ratio of the information using a relative index rat…
Broadband Fabry–Pérot Resonator From Zerodur for Laser Stabilisation Below 1KHZ Linewidth With < 100 HZ/S Drift and Reduced Sensitivity to Vibrati…
2015
Abstract Here we demonstrate the results of creating a two-mirror Fabry-Pérot resonator (FPR) that allows achieving the spectral width of a stabilised laser line below 1 kHz. It had low expansion Zerodur spacer and broadband high reflectance mirrors (99.85% in the range of 630 to 1140 nm). FPR was vertically mid-plane mounted for reduced sensitivity to vibrations and included in two shields inside a vacuum chamber to lower temperature fluctuations. Peltier element was used for temperature stabilisation at zero-expansion temperature. Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique was applied. The signal from FPR was compared to ultra-stable signal (of about 1 Hz linewidth) to form a beat note signal. For…
Numerical 2D And 3D Simulations of a Spherical Fabry–Pérot Resonator for Application as a Reference Cavity for Laser Frequency Stabilisation
2015
Abstract We report on the results of a numerical study of deformations of a spherical Fabry-Pérot cavity that can be used for laser frequency stabilisation. It is demonstrated that for a precise simulation of the cavity deformations a 3D model has to be used instead of a simpler 2D model, which employs simulation on the symmetry plane of the cavity. To lower the sensitivity to environmental perturbations, it is suggested to use a material with a low density and a high Young’s modulus. We also show that the mechanical resonance frequencies of the cavity are mainly determined by the size of the cavity.
Influence of Cavity Loss Upon Performance of Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser
2013
Performance of an actively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser in function of intracavity loss is discussed. We show experimentally and theoretically (employing a distributed model that takes into account two contra-propagating laser waves) that the laser performance strongly depends on the intracavity loss of different kinds. We reveal in particular that the dominant source of smaller than expected pulse energy is the loss via excited-state absorption, inherent in erbium-doped fibers. We also discuss the other important processes involved in active Q-switching, such as passive losses and residual active fiber charge, the impact of which is clarified by a straightforward comparison of the m…
Focusing System for a Non-Normal Incidence Pumped, Sub-10 nm TCE XRL
2008
An extended ray-tracing study of the main pumping pulse (MP) focusing optics was made in order to develop a transient collisionally excited (TCE) x-ray laser (XRL) set-up for sub 10 nm wavelength by using non-normal incidence pumping. The study takes into account limitations determined by the large beam dimensions of the high energy MP. A setup using two off-the-shelf spherical mirrors is proposed, corresponding to a possible realization at the PHELIX laser facility.
Mode locking of an all-fiber laser by acousto-optic superlattice modulation
2009
Active mode locking of an erbium-doped all-fiber laser with a Bragg-grating-based acousto-optic modulator is demonstrated. The fiber Bragg grating was acoustically modulated by a standing longitudinal elastic wave, which periodically modulates the sidebands at twice the acoustic frequency. The laser has a Fabry-Perot configuration in which cavity loss modulation is achieved by tuning the output fiber Bragg grating to one of the acoustically induced sidebands. Optical pulses at 9 MHz repetition rate, 120 mW peak power, and 780 ps temporal width were obtained. The output results to be stable and has a timing jitter below 40 ps. The measured linewidth, 2.8 pm, demonstrates that these pulses ar…
Very low instability threshold in a three-level laser model with incoherent optical pumping
1997
Abstract The stability properties of a laser model based on a closed three-level atomic scheme with incoherent optical pumping are studied. Unexpectedly, the instability threshold can be very low approaching the lasing threshold for large unsaturated gain values.
Interferometric Z-scan method for thermo-optical effect studies
2021
We demonstrated a new approach to measuring third-order nonlinear optical effects using an experimental setup incorporating both Z-scan and Mach-Zehnder interferometer methods. This method could be especially purposive for thermo-optical effect studies as it can simultaneously probe thermal gradient profile as well as absolute temperature changes induced by an optical beam. The experimental setup was tested using chloroform. Experimental measurements were carried out using 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with 8 ns pulse width and 40 kHz pulse repetition rate. The measured nonlinear refractive index of chloroform was mainly induced by the thermo-optical effect. As thermo-optical response depends on bea…
Comprehensive formulation of temperature-dependent dispersion of optical materials: illustration with case of temperature tuning of a mid-IR HgGa_2S_…
2009
The temperature dependence of refractive indices of optical materials is characterized in this work by what we call their normalized thermo-optic coefficients. These are determined experimentally through interferometric measurements of thermal expansion and of changes in optical thickness at a few laser wavelengths as function of temperature. A suitable vectorial formalism applied to these data allows predicting the thermal evolution of the refractive index all over the useful range of transparency. The validity and reliability of our methodology is demonstrated through temperature tuning of a mid-IR HgGa2S4 optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped at 1.0642 μm by a Nd:YAG laser. Measured…