Search results for "lcsh:Agriculture"
showing 10 items of 222 documents
Productive and vegetative behaviour of olive cultivars in super high-density olive grove
2015
In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in super high-density (SHD) olive (Olea europaea L.) groves because they offer early entry into production, increased productivity and the possibility of using modified mechanical vine harvesters. This study was carried out in a young SHD olive grove to examine vegetative, histo-anatomical and productive characteristics and oil quality of the Spanish Arbequina and Italian Maurino and Leccino cultivars, characterized by low, low-to-medium and high vigor, respectively. Arbequina had low vigor and limited development in height and width, as well as a high leaf/wood ratio. Maurino had a canopy volume similar to that of Arbequina and, despi…
Grapevine physiological response to row orientation-induced spatial radiation and microclimate changes
2020
Terroir factors and vineyard practices largely determine canopy and root system functioning. In this study, changes in soil conditions, multi-level (vertical, horizontal) light interception (quantitative, photographic, schematic, 3D modelled), leaf water potential and photosynthetic activity were measured during the grape ripening period on NS, EW, NE-SW, and NW-SE orientated (Southern Hemisphere) vertically trellised Shiraz grapevine canopies. It was hypothesised that the spatial radiation interception angle and radiation distribution of differently orientated and vertically trained grapevine rows would affect soil conditions and vine physiological activity. Soil water content showed an in…
EFFECT OF CANOPY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF MONTEPULCIANO GRAPEVINE IN PUGLIA (SOUTHERN ITALY)
2012
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Tests were carried out to assess the effects of early defoliation, cluster thinning and cluster cutting on the basic and nutritional composition of musts and wines of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Montepulciano.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Both production and quality variables of the musts were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was determined on berries and on wines, as were the phenol and anthocyanin concentrations. The wines were compared by sensory evaluation. The results attested to a positive effect of the treatments on grape compositi…
Dry matter accumulation and seasonal partitioning in mature Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. fruiting trees
2014
Aim of this study was to understand the allocation of biomass into different canopy and root components and to measure the stem area index and its partitioning by cladode functionality (age), for fruiting Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) Gialla trees, spaced 6x5 m apart and trained to a globe. The net primary productivity (NPP), calculated taking into account dry weight gain for above-ground vegetative components of OFI trees was 3.6 t C ha –1 . Including the fruit component and 1 st flush current-year cladodes, NPP of above-ground components becomes 12 t ha –1 , equivalent to 5.4 t C ha –1 . Current-year cladodes were the highest C sink (49% of total annual C fixed in the canopy), secondary grow…
Contribution à l'étude des « goûts de lumière » dans le vin de champagne *. 1. Aspects analytiques - Dosage des mercaptans et des thiols dans les vins
1977
<p style="text-align: justify;">Plusieurs accidents appelés « goûts de lumière » ou « goûts de réduit » ont été observés dans les vins de champagne au cours de ces dernières années. Dans ce travail, nous avons mis au point une méthode d'appréciation de ces goûts par dosage des groupements thiols ou mercaptans dans les vins. L'analyse comparative montre une bonne concordance entre la concentration en groupements thiols et l'appréciation gustative.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For some years, accidents called « light tastes » or « reduced tastes » have been occured in Champagne wines; a method for thiols and mercaptans…
Mise en évidence d'une production de protéases exocellulaires par les levures au cours de la fermentation alcoolique du moût de raisin
1980
<p style="text-align: justify;">La durée d'activité très limitée dans le temps des protéases du raisin est confirmée en vinification en blanc, mais une nouvelle activité protéolytique peut être caractérisée à 37 °C et à pH 3,7 dans le moût au cours de la fermentation alcoolique.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cette activité doit être attribuée à des protéases exocellulaires libérées dans le milieu des levures. Parmi les souches essayées <em>S. bayanus</em> a une activité protéolytique plus importante que <em>S. cerevisiae</em>, ce qui se traduit par l'obtention de vins plus riches en azote soluble, donc plus stables du point de vue protéique et …
Analyzing Regional Geographic Challenges: The Resilience of Chinese Vineyards to Land Degradation Using a Societal and Biophysical Approach
2021
Land degradation, especially soil erosion, is a societal issue that affects vineyards worldwide, but there are no current investigations that inform specifically about soil erosion rates in Chinese vineyards. In this review, we analyze this problem and the need to avoid irreversible damage to soil and their use from a regional point of view. Information about soil erosion in vineyards has often failed to reach farmers, and we can affirm that to this time, soil erosion in Chinese vineyards has been more of a scientific hypothesis than an agronomic or environmental concern. Two hypotheses can be presented to justify this review: (i) there are no official and scientific investigations on viney…
Effect of ethanol on yeast film formation
1999
<p style="text-align: justify;">In this study, we have investigated the influence of ethanol on yeast film formation and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH). A yeast strain (P3) previously isolated from film yeast was grown in a medium containing increasing ethanol concentration ranging from 0 to 14 p. cent (v/v). It results from this study that up to 10 p. cent ethanol, the greater was the ethanol concentration, the greater was the growth of film. Using two different techniques (phase partition method, magnobead assay), we have shown that ethanol altered the CSH of the yeast. The measured hydrophobicity (p. cent) of cells grown without ethanol was 65 p. cent compared with 81 p. cent wi…
Ischemic cardiovascular disease in workers occupationally exposed to urban air pollution – A systematic review
2018
Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among several known risk factors, researchers also focus their attention on the chronic exposure to air pollution. There is much evidence that exposure to air pollution, especially to ultrafine particles, can damage the endothelium and can favour cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Occupational exposition could be an additive risk factor for the cardiovascular system. This article presents a scientific review of the linkage between occupational exposure to air pollution and ischemic heart disease. Material and methods A scientific review was undertaken, followed by PRISMA Statements. …
Positioning Accuracy Comparison of GNSS Receivers Used for Mapping and Guidance of Agricultural Machines
2020
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) allow the determination of the 3D position of a point on the Earth&rsquo