Search results for "lcsh:Psychology"
showing 10 items of 859 documents
The Joint Distribution Criterion and the Distance Tests for Selective Probabilistic Causality
2010
A general definition and a criterion (a necessary and sufficient condition) are formulated for an arbitrary set of external factors to selectively influence a corresponding set of random entities (generalized random variables, with values in arbitrary observation spaces), jointly distributed at every treatment (a set of factor values containing precisely one value of each factor). The random entities are selectively influenced by the corresponding factors if and only if the following condition, called the joint distribution criterion, is satisfied : there is a jointly distributed set of random entities, one entity for every value of every factor, such that every subset of this set that corr…
Recalled parental rearing style, self-esteem, and psychopathological symptoms in the general population
2020
The enduring impact of perceived parental behavior on self-esteem as well as anxiety and depression in adults is still unknown. In a large random route sample (age range 18?92), 4,747 subjects were asked to complete questionnaires about recalled parental rearing, selfesteem, anxiety, and depression. Structural equation modeling was used, and the data from the mother and the father version of the FEE (a questionnaire for recalled parental rearing) were analyzed separately. A model proposing that self-esteem mediates the relationship between parental behavior and psychopathological symptoms fits the data rather well (CFI = .95, RMSEA = .05, TLI = .94). Hence, the recalled authoritative parent…
The myth of cognitive agency: subpersonal thinking as a cyclically recurring loss of mental autonomy
2018
This metatheoretical paper investigates mind wandering from the perspective of philosophy of mind. It has two central claims. The first is that, on a conceptual level, mind wandering can be fruitfully described as a specific form of mental autonomy loss. The second is that, given empirical constraints, most of what we call “conscious thought” is better analyzed as a subpersonal process that more often than not lacks crucial properties traditionally taken to be the hallmark of personal-level cognition - such as mental agency, explicit, consciously experienced goal-directedness, or availability for veto control. I claim that for roughly two thirds of our conscious life-time we do not possess …
The embodied self, the pattern theory of self, and the predictive mind
2018
Do we have to presuppose a self to account for human self-consciousness? If so, how should we characterize the self? These questions are discussed in the context of two alternatives, i.e., the no-self position held by \(\textit {Metzinger (2003, 2009)}\) and the claim that the only self we have to presuppose is a narrative self \(\textit {(Dennett, 1992; Schechtman, 2007; Hardcastle, 2008)}\) which is primarily an abstract entity. In contrast to these theories, I argue that we have to presuppose an embodied self, although this is not a metaphysical substance, nor an entity for which stable necessary and jointly sufficient conditions can be given. Self-consciousness results from an integrati…
Physical Activity-Related Profiles of Female Sixth-Graders Regarding Motivational Psychosocial Variables: A Cluster Analysis Within the CReActivity P…
2020
IntroductionAdolescents’ physical activity (PA) behavior can be driven by several psychosocial determinants at the same time. Most analyses use a variable-based approach that examines relations between PA-related determinants and PA behavior on the between-person level. Using this approach, possible coexistences of different psychosocial determinants within one person cannot be examined. Therefore, by applying a person-oriented approach, this study examined (a) which profiles regarding PA-related psychosocial variables typically occur in female sixth-graders, (b) if these profiles deliver a self-consistent picture according to theoretical assumptions, and (c) if the profiles contribute to t…
Motivational Regulations Across the Stages of Change for Exercise in the General Population of Monterrey (Mexico)
2018
Few studies have examined exercise adherence in the Mexican population using self-determination theory proposals and the stages of change model. The objectives of this study were:(a) to translate and adapt the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3) to Mexican Spanish and examine its internal consistency and factorial structure (six dimensions); and (b) to analyse variations in behavioral regulations using the stages of change model. This study included 530 participants between 11 and 76 years old who lived in the metropolitan area of the city of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The Mexican version of the BREQ-3 presented an acceptable six-factor model that agrees with the …
Self-Distancing as a Strategy to Regulate Affect and Aggressive Behavior in Athletes: An Experimental Approach to Explore Emotion Regulation in the L…
2020
Self-regulation, especially the regulation of emotion, is an important component of athletic performance. In our study, we tested the effect of a self-distancing strategy on athletes’ performance in an aggression-inducing experimental task in the laboratory. To this end, we modified an established paradigm of interpersonal provocation [Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP)], which has the potential to complement field studies in order to increase our understanding of effective emotion regulation of athletes in critical situations in competitions. In our experimental setting, we first tested the applicability of the self-distancing perspective and the athletes’ ability to dynamically adapt beside…
Heart rate variability and self-control–A meta-analysis
2016
We read the commentary on our meta-analysis with great interest and we greatly appreciate that the authors developed suggestions for further research on heart rate variability (HRV) and self-control. While we mostly support these suggestions, we believe that it is necessary to clarify some points raised with respect to our meta-analysis. The first point brought up by the authors of the commentary is the focus of our meta-analysis on HRV instead of vagal tone and the inclusion of studies using the standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN). They argue that only vagal tone and HRV metrics reflecting vagal tone are expected to be linked to self-control according to both the Neurovisceral Integr…
Young University Students’ Academic Self-Regulation Profiles and Their Associated Procrastination: Autonomous Functioning Requires Self-Regulated Ope…
2020
Students' autonomous self-regulation requires not only self-motivation but also volition or transforming motivation into specific behavioral intentions and following through. Self-regulation includes self-motivation (i.e., goal setting, learning from mistakes) and volitional regulation (i.e., strategic decision making). Furthermore, individual differences, like trait-level perseverance, significantly influence both motivation and volition. Procrastination has been defined as a volitional self-regulation problem, which involves delaying what one had intended to do, in spite of being motivated, and regardless of anticipating adverse consequences. Thus, it is a tendency toward dysregulated beh…