Search results for "lcsh:Public aspects of medicine"
showing 10 items of 369 documents
La producción científica española en bioética a través de MEDLINE Scientific production in bioethics in Spain through MEDLINE
2007
Fundamento: Describir la producción científica española en bioética entre 1966 y 2003. Métodos: Se seleccionaron los documentos publicados por autores españoles y recogidos en la base de datos MEDLINE, mediante el cruce de las palabras bioética con otras diversas del mismo ámbito. Resultados: Se estudiaron 858 documentos, de los cuales 78 (9,1%) se publicaron entre 1966 y 1983, 163 (19%) entre 1984 y 1993, y 617 (71,9%) entre 1994 y 2003. Los principales temas publicados fueron: legislación y derechos (15,4%) e investigación y comités de ética (13,1%). En el último período se ha observado un aumento significativo de las publicaciones sobre genética y clonación y un descenso sobre las de abo…
Valoración de la ingesta dietética a nivel poblacional mediante cuestionarios individuales: sombras y luces metodológicas
2007
El desarrollo de la moderna metodología necesaria para caracterizar con rigor la ingesta de individuos y poblaciones data de hace sólo dos décadas, cuando germinó la epidemiología nutricional. La razón del carácter reciente de esta disciplina radica en el hecho de que la valoración de la ingesta dietética a nivel poblacional presenta retos complejos, que sólo van siendo superados a medida que investigamos y mejoramos los instrumentos metodológicos disponibles. En el presente artículo se revisan los métodos alternativos para estimar la ingesta de alimentos y nutrientes en los individuos. Tras una sucinta descripción de los métodos indirectos y directos de valoración del consumo alimentario, …
Molecular characterization of fasciola spp. From some parts of Iran
2020
Background: Identification of liver flukes, Fasciola hepatica, and Fasciola gigantica by morphometric parameters is not always reliable due to the overlapping measurements. This study aimed to characterize the liver flukes of animals from different parts of Iran by the genetic markers, ITS1, and COXI. Methods: We collected flukes from infected livestock in six provinces of Iran from Sep to Nov 2016. The flukes were identified by amplification of a 680 bp sequence of ITS1 locus followed by a restriction fragment polymorphism (RFLP) assay. The genetic diversity among isolates was evaluated by amplification and sequencing of a 493 bp fragment of the COXI gene. Results: We obtained 38 specimens…
Brotes de gastroenteritis aguda vírica en residencias de ancianos: Sistema de Detección por Umbral de Prevalencia (SiDUP)
2009
Javier Buesa Gómez (Javier.Buesa@uv.es) Se describen las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en una unidad de epidemiología local, durante varios años, relacionadas con la epidemiología de la gastroenteritis por norovirus en residencias de ancianos de Castellón. Desde varios brotes acaecidos en un mismo geriátrico, hasta el estudio de los casos esporádicos que determinan la situación endémica en varias residencias. Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de esa situación endémica de síntomas digestivos en periodos de silencio epidémico y la propuesta de un método sencillo para detectar el inicio de brotes de GEA de transmisión progresiva (persona-persona) que hemos denominado Sistema de Detección …
Promoting influenza prevention for elderly people in Hong Kong using health action process approach: study protocol.
2018
People 65 years or older are at greater risk of serious complications from the seasonal influenza compared with young. To promote elderly people’s behavioral compliance toward influenza prevention, the aim of the current project is to develop, implement, and evaluate a theory-based low-administration-cost intervention building on a leading psychological theory, the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). The target group is Hong Kong Chinese elderly people aged 65 or older who rarely or never adopt any preventive actions. This project will be conducted in three phases over 24 months. In phase 1, intervention program will be developed building on the HAPA theoretical framework which comprises…
La transversalidad y la escuela promotora de salud
2001
The following article shows the evolution of the schools contribution to the Health Education of children and young people. Moving on from the traditional concept of health, today, Health Education has a general and global meaning, wich encompasses all of the physical, psicological and social aspects of health. These aspects define the characteristics of the «Healthy School». The need to broach the «transversal subject» offers schools the possibility of developing «transversality» in the Health Education. Finally, the concept of promoting health defines, together with the other subjects, that which we understand by «the heath promotion schools», which attempts to progress the full integrati…
Do young people who are not in education, employment or training (NEET) have more health problems than their peers? A cross-sectional study among Nor…
2019
Objectives: An increasing proportion of young Norwegians are categorised as too ill to attend upper secondary education, and poor physical and mental health may reduce their opportunities to return to school or find paid employment. This study examined the differences in self-perceived health, mental health, and prevalence of pain between Norwegian adolescents, who are not in education, employment or training (NEET) compared to adolescents who attend upper secondary school (age 16-21 years). Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants and setting: A total of 96 NEET youth and 384 age and gender matched adolescents attending upper secondary school in the south of Norway participated in the s…
Validez factorial de la adaptación al español del Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey
2002
Objective. To explore the factorial structure of a Spanish version of the “Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey” (MBI-GS). Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1999 among 149 municipal policemen in Tenerife, Spain. A questionnaire was applied to collect data on Professional Efficacy, Cynicism, and Burnout. Data were analyzed using factorial analysis and principal components with Varimax rotation. Results. Four factors had eigenvalues greater than 1; Factor 1 gouped Professional Efficacy items, Factor II grouped three Cynicism items. Further analysis was conducted to limit extraction to three factors. The factorial solution replicated the distribution of items i…
La hospitalización domiciliaria: antecedentes, situación actual y perspectivas
2001
Objetivo. Determinar las distintas variantes que ha tenido el concepto de la hospitalización domiciliaria a lo largo del tiempo, para así contribuir al debate sobre las circunstancias que inciden en la gestión sanitaria frente a futuros retos. Métodos. Se revisa la literatura sobre la atención domiciliaria como modalidad asistencial de salud mediante una exploración de las publicaciones indizadas en MEDLINE, LILACS y el Índice Médico Español durante el período de 1995-2000. Resultados. La hospitalización domiciliaria ha tenido un desarrollo desigual a lo largo del tiempo en diferentes países y son varios los modelos de este tipo de atención, cada uno con sus respectivas ventajas y desventaj…
Assessing physical performance and physical activity in large population-based aging studies: home-based assessments or visits to the research center?
2019
Abstract Background The current study aims to compare correlations between a range of measures of physical performance and physical activity assessing the same underlying construct in different settings, that is, in a home versus a highly standardized setting of the research center or accelerometer recording. We also evaluated the selective attrition of participants related to these different settings and how selective attrition affects the associations between variables and indicators of health, functioning and overall activity. Methods Cross-sectional analyses comprising population-based samples of people aged 75, 80, and 85 years living independently in Jyväskylä, Finland. The AGNES stud…