Search results for "lcsh:Public aspects of medicine"
showing 10 items of 369 documents
Similarities and Differences of Mental Health in Women and Men: A Systematic Review of Findings in Three Large German Cohorts
2021
In Germany, large, population-based cohort studies have been implemented in order to identify risk and protective factors for maintaining health across the life span. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyse findings from three large ongoing cohorts and to identify sex-specific prevalence rates, risk and protective factors for mental health. Published studies from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region Augsburg (KORA), the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) and the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS)), representing the southern, north-eastern and middle parts of Germany, were identified through searches of the databases PubMed and Web of Science. A total of 52 articles was ident…
Applying systematic review search methods to the grey literature: a review of education and training courses on breastfeeding support for health prof…
2021
Abstract Background Currently, lactation training courses aimed at health professionals are important for informing and supporting mothers who are breastfeeding. In this review, we seek to analyze similarities and/or variations in course content, modes of delivery, costs, teaching style and learning strategies among courses. To our knowledge, a review of lactation training courses available worldwide is lacking. Thus, the aim of this review is to describe course models aimed at training health professionals in lactation support for mothers. Methods Through searching grey literature, training courses were obtained from several directories, including the Alaska Breastfeeding Coalition, Intern…
Diet matters, particularly in pregnancy – Results from MoBa studies of maternal diet and pregnancy outcomes
2014
Published version of an article in the journal: Norsk Epidemiologi. Also available from the publisher at: http://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/norepid/article/view/1805/1802 Open Access Awareness that maternal diet may influence the outcome of pregnancy as well as the long-term health of mother and child has increased in recent years. A new food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed and validated specifically for the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The MoBa FFQ is a semi-quantitative tool which covers the average intake of food, beverages and dietary supplements during the first 4 to 5 months of pregnancy. It includes questions about intakes of 255 foods and dishes and was…
Edad, creencias de salud y asistencia a un programa de cribado mamográfico en la comunidad valenciana
2004
Yolanda Andreu Vaillo, Mª José Galdón Garrido, Estrella Durá Ferrandis, Stephanie Carretero Gómez (yolanda.andreu@uv.es) La edad influye significativamente en las creencias de salud relacionadas con la asistencia a programas de cribado mamográfico. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las creencias y actitudes hacia el cáncer de mama asociadas a la asistencia a un programa de cribado en diferentes grupos de edad.Métodos: Utilizando un diseño transversal se comparan las creencias de salud de un grupo de mujeres que acuden a un programa de cribado con las de las mujeres que no lo hacen, considerando tres intervalos de edad: menores de 50 años (N=279), 50-60 años (N=463), mayores de 60 (N=2…
Procesos puntuales como herramienta para el análisis de posibles fuentes de contaminación
2002
El análisis de un patrón puntual engloba una serie de técnicas que permiten estudiar la distribución de un conjunto de eventos ocurridos sobre una región del plano. Este problema surge en epidemiología cuando se investiga una potencial fuente de contaminación ambiental alrededor de la cual se sospecha que surgen casos de una determinada enfermedad. En el presente trabajo, se explica brevemente en qué consiste el análisis de un patrón puntual y se ilustra con una aplicación a la determinación del origen medioambiental y al estudio de las zonas de mayor riesgo de incidencia en un brote de neumonía por Legionella ocurrido entre mediados de septiembre y principios de octubre en la ciudad de Alc…
Certification as support for resilience? Behind the curtains of a certification body — a qualitative study
2020
AbstractBackgroundCertification in healthcare often involves independent private sector bodies performing legally required or voluntary external assurance activities. These certification practices are embedded in international standards founded in traditional beliefs about rational and predictable processes for quality and safety improvement. Certification can affect organizational and cultural changes, support collaboration and encourage improvement that may be conducive to resilient performance. This study explores whether ISO 9001 quality management system certification can support resilience in healthcare, by looking at characteristics in the objectives, methods, and practice of certifi…
La educación para la salud en los manuales escolares españoles
2003
GAVIDIA CATALAN, Valentín Valentin.Gavidia@uv.es El manual escolar, o libro de texto, es el instrumento educativo más utilizado por el profesorado. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cómo se contempla la Educación para la Salud en los textos de la enseñanza primaria y secundaria. Es de suma importancia para averiguar su implantación en las aulas, así como ofrecer puntos de reflexión para los autores y editores de los textos y para el profesorado y el personal sanitario que asiste a las escuelas.Método: El análisis se ha efectuado en 297 libros de texto, de los que 123 corresponden a la educación primaria, 149 a la secundaria obligatoria y 25 al bachillerato. El estudio atiende a cinco a…
Working conditions, job strain, and traffic safety among three groups of public transport drivers
2018
Background: Working conditions and psychosocial work factors have acquired an important role explaining the well-being and performance of professional drivers, including those working in the field of public transport. This study aimed to examine the association between job strain and the operational performance of public transport drivers and to compare the expositions with psychosocial risk at work of three different types of transport workers: taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers. Method: A sample of 780 professional drivers was drawn from three transport companies in Bogota (Colombia). The participants answered the Job Content Questionnaire and a set of sociodemogra…
Validity of a Questionnaire for the Assessment of Work-related Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Physical Demands
2011
Fundamentos: En las intervenciones de ergonomía participativa es frecuente utilizar cuestionarios autoadministrados para obtener información acerca de los daños y riesgos ergonómicos percibidos por los trabajadores. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la validez de un cuestionario diseñado para su utilización en este tipo de programas. Métodos: Participaron 35 trabajadores voluntarios de diez empresas de Valencia y Alicante. El trabajo de campo se realizó en 2009. Se siguieron tres estrategias: análisis de repetibilidad en dos vueltas del cuestionario, comparación de las respuestas al cuestionario (primera vuelta) con la información obtenida mediante observación directa de los puestos de…
Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17
2020
Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 years with diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) received ORS in 2016. A variety of recommended home fluids (RHF) exist as alternative forms of ORT; however, it is unclear whether RHF prevent child mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable variation between countries in ORS and RHF use, but subnational variation is unknown. This study aims to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of relative and absolute coverage o…