Search results for "lcsh:Public aspects of medicine"
showing 10 items of 369 documents
Barreras percibidas en el desplazamiento activo al centro educativo: fiabilidad y validez de una escala
2016
Resumen: Objetivo: Examinar la fiabilidad y la validez de una escala para evaluar las barreras percibidas en el desplazamiento activo al centro escolar en jóvenes españoles. Método: La validez de la escala fue evaluada en una muestra de 465 adolescentes (14-18 años de edad) mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio y a través de la asociación con el transporte activo autorreportado. Una submuestra completó la escala dos veces, con una separación de una semana, a fin de evaluar su fiabilidad. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la escala tenía índices de ajuste satisfactorios con dos factores. Un factor incluyó los ítems relativos a ambiente y seguridad (α = 0,72), y otro los ítems s…
Cost effectiveness of aortic valve therapies: a systematic review of the literature
2022
Background: Systematic review on the cost effectiveness of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to standard aortic valve replacement and medical management in high-risk elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis. Evidenced based systematic reviews are the core methodologies in health economics for evaluating cost effectiveness and medical effectiveness. Clarity and transparency of these reports can help to provide health care interventions accurately and reliably. Methods: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, a systematic review on current literature for cost-effectiveness of TAVI, standard aortic valve replacement, and medical m…
¿Pueden la malaria y el dengue reaparecer en España? Could malaria and dengue reappear in Spain?
2010
El aumento de la inmigración durante los últimos años en España ha facilitado la importación de numerosas enfermedades tropicales. Entre ellas, las de transmisión vectorial son algunas de las más complicadas de estudiar por la complejidad que conlleva la participación de diversos hospedadores en los ciclos de transmisión, así como por la necesidad de conocer todos los parámetros fisiológicos, bioecológicos y biogeográficos relacionados con el organismo vector para poder inferir las posibilidades reales de la emergencia o la reemergencia de las enfermedades pertinentes. En estas circunstancias, el presente trabajo aporta información acerca de enfermedades importadas de incuestionable interés…
Bayesian dynamic modeling of time series of dengue disease case counts
2017
The aim of this study is to model the association between weekly time series of dengue case counts and meteorological variables, in a high-incidence city of Colombia, applying Bayesian hierarchical dynamic generalized linear models over the period January 2008 to August 2015. Additionally, we evaluate the model’s short-term performance for predicting dengue cases. The methodology shows dynamic Poisson log link models including constant or time-varying coefficients for the meteorological variables. Calendar effects were modeled using constant or first- or second-order random walk time-varying coefficients. The meteorological variables were modeled using constant coefficients and first-order …
Predicting dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana using climate indicators
2016
Background Dengue fever epidemic dynamics are driven by complex interactions between hosts, vectors and viruses. Associations between climate and dengue have been studied around the world, but the results have shown that the impact of the climate can vary widely from one study site to another. In French Guiana, climate-based models are not available to assist in developing an early warning system. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using oceanic and atmospheric conditions to help predict dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana. Methodology/Principal Findings Lagged correlations and composite analyses were performed to identify the climatic conditions that characterized a typical e…
Attitudes, behaviours and perceptions of Italian General Practitioner trainees towards influenza vaccination in Western Sicily (Italy)
2012
Background: General practitioners (GPs) have to be considered as key figures of health promotion among health care workers since they are strongly asked to recommend influenza vaccination to their patients and perform on them. Despite this consideration, GPs have influenza vaccination rates that are significantly below the 75% coverage proposed by International Public Health guidelines. In order to increase future coverage of influenza vaccination within GPs, and through them within the population, the aim of this study was to assess determinants associated with influenza vaccine uptake among GP trainees. Methods: A survey was carried out on GP trainees attending the training course in Comm…
Body Mass index, family lifestyle, physical activity and eating behaviour on a sample of primary school students in a small town of western Sicily.
2012
<p><strong>Background</strong>: Obesity is actually a discernible issue in prosperous western society and is dramatically increasing in children and adolescents. Many studies indicate that obesity in childhood may become chronic disease in adulthood and, particularly, those who are severely overweight have an increased risk of death by cardiovascular disease. Understanding the determinants of life style and behavior in a person’s youth and making attempts to change children’s habits is considered a key strategy in the primary prevention of obesity. This study aims to find a correlation between Body Mass Index, (BMI), physical activity and eating behavior and to identify, e…
Body mass index and factors associated with overweight and obesity: a crosssectional in a small city of Western Sicily (Italy)
2012
<p><strong>Background</strong>: although the epidemiological features of overweight and obesity have been well described, especially for very populous urban areas, less evidences are available for small urban areas. The aim of the present work was to assess BMI and factors associated with overweight and obesity in a representative sample of general population of a small city of Western Sicily (Italy).</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: four hundred and eleven randomly selected adult subjects from general population living in a small Sicilian city with 7 144 inhabitants were interviewed by a standardized questionnaire investigating life-styles, eating h…
Test-retest reliability of a new self reported comprehensive questionnaire measuring frequencies of different modes of adolescents commuting to schoo…
2009
Published version of an article from the journal: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Article available from: http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/6/1/68 Background: Studies assessing active commuting to school usually use simple questionnaires, and often is mode of commuting reported with a single questionnaire item only. The purpose of the present study is to report the test-retest reliability of a newly developed comprehensive questionnaire on active commuting to school and work among 6thgrade school children and their parents in Norway. Methods: A total of 106 pupils and 77 parents completed a questionnaire two times, 14 days apart. The questionnaire consisted o…
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about homelessness and willingness-to-pay for housing-first across 8 European countries: a survey protocol
2018
Contains fulltext : 200223.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Background: Most European countries report rising numbers of people experiencing homelessness. For those with mental disorders, interventions are centered on achieving mental health and drug rehabilitation alongside housing readiness, often to the detriment of access to housing. Notwithstanding, more European countries are investing in a new model, Housing First (HF), which postulates immediate access to permanent housing with no initial requirements for treatment. While results of the European HF programs are published on individual-level data, little is known about the opinions of the general population about homelessness…