Search results for "lean"
showing 10 items of 3611 documents
Ureterocystoplasty in a Boy with Myelomeningocele
2010
Introduction In the rare case of a decompensated neurogenic bladder combined with a unilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter, ureterocystoplasty is a feasible and elegant technique for bladder augmentation. In contrast to augmentation using bowel segments, the use of urothelial-lined tissue avoids the common problems caused by mucus development and electrolyte disturbance. Prerequisite is a unilateral non-functional kidney and a severe dilation of the ureter. Patients The patient presented in this case report is an 11-year old boy with myelomeningocele. Due to a decompensated neurogenic low-compliance bladder with high-degree reflux, the left kidney was hydronephrotic and afunctional, urod…
Does Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Influence Muscle Development during Puberty in Girls? - A 7-Year Longitudinal Study
2013
Vitamin D is well known for its regulatory role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, but its role in muscle mass and strength during growth remains inconclusive. We explored the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) with muscle development in girls from 11 to 18-years old. Whole body lean tissue mass (LMWB), appendicular lean mass (aLM), muscle cross-sectional area at the lower leg (mCSA), maximal voluntary contraction of elbow flexors (MVC elbow) and knee extensors (MVC knee) were assessed in 217 girls aged 10-13 years (at baseline), 215 in 2-year and 226 in 7.5-year follow-up. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were analyzed retrospectively a…
Effects of alfa-hydroxy-isocaproic acid on body composition, DOMS and performance in athletes
2010
Abstract Background Alfa-Hydroxy-isocaproic acid (HICA) is an end product of leucine metabolism in human tissues such as muscle and connective tissue. According to the clinical and experimental studies, HICA can be considered as an anti-catabolic substance. The present study investigated the effects of HICA supplementation on body composition, delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) and physical performance of athletes during a training period. Methods Fifteen healthy male soccer players (age 22.1+/-3.9 yr) volunteered for the 4-week double-blind study during an intensive training period. The subjects in the group HICA (n = 8) received 583 mg of sodium salt of HICA (corresponding 500 mg of …
Moderate energy restriction with high protein diet results in healthier outcome in women
2010
Abstract Background The present study compares two different weight reduction regimens both with a moderately high protein intake on body composition, serum hormone concentration and strength performance in non-competitive female athletes. Methods Fifteen normal weighted women involved in recreational resistance training and aerobic training were recruited for the study (age 28.5 ± 6.3 yr, height 167.0 ± 7.0 cm, body mass 66.3 ± 4.2 kg, body mass index 23.8 ± 1.8, mean ± SD). They were randomized into two groups. The 1 KG group (n = 8; energy deficit 1100 kcal/day) was supervised to reduce body weight by 1 kg per week and the 0.5 KG group (n = 7; energy deficit 550 kcal/day) by 0.5 kg per w…
Muscle Evaluation in Axial Spondyloarthritis—The Evidence for Sarcopenia
2019
Sarcopenia is a syndrome defined as a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes such as falls, fractures, physical disability, and death. The actual definition of sarcopenia is based on a reduction in the values of three parameters: strength, muscle mass quantity or quality, and physical performance (the determinant of severity). Muscle wasting is a common feature in several chronic diseases, such as spondyloarthritis (SpA), and significantly increases patient morbidity and mortality. Although there has been huge progress in this field over recent years, the absence of a clear definition and clear diagnostic criteria of …
Concurrent strength and sprint training increases resting metabolic rate in masters road cyclists
2020
High-intensity concurrent sprint and strength training has been shown to provide a strong physiological training stimulus in young adult endurance athletes. However, the effect in veteran endurance athletes remains unknown. This study examined if replacing a portion of endurance training with concurrent sprint and strength training influenced resting metabolic rate (RMR) and lean mass (LM) in veteran endurance cyclists. Eighteen well-trained male veteran road cyclists (55.2 ± 8.4 years; 7.9 ± 1.1 training hrs/wk; 323 ± 53 Wpeak) were allocated to a concurrent strength and sprint training group (CT, n = 9) or control group (CON, n = 9). The CT group completed a 12-weeks of sprint and strengt…
Can Vitamin D deficiency influence muscle perfomance in post-menopausal women? A multicenter retrospective study
2018
Background: The presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been recently demonstrated in human muscle supporting the theory of a role of vitamin D in the proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells. So far only few studies investigated the association between vitamin D and muscle performance in postmenopausal women. Aim: To define the functional impact of vitamin D deficiency. Design: Multicenter retrospective study. Setting: Five Italian outpatient services of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM). Population: Postmenopausal women. Methods: We divided the population in two groups based on the threshold of 30 ng/mL as cut-off to define sufficient and insufficient serum levels o…
Changes in health-related quality of life in elderly men after 12 weeks of strength training
2017
Background Muscular strength is associated with functional ability in elderly, and older adults are recommended to perform muscle-strengthening exercise. Understanding how improved muscle strength and -mass influence general and specific domains of quality of life is important when planning health promotion efforts targeting older adults. The aims of the present study were to describe changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older men participating in 12 weeks of systematic strength training, and to investigate whether improvements in muscle strength and muscle mass are associated with enhancements in HRQOL. Methods We recruited 49 men aged 60–81 years to participate in an inter…
High-Intensity Interval and Resistance Training Improve Health Outcomes in Older Adults With Coronary Disease.
2021
Both high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance exercises (R) are used in cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the combined effect of an HIIT + R exercise program in older adults with CAD is not well investigated. The study's purpose was to assess the changes in anthropometric parameters, physical activity, functional capacity, physiological parameters, and quality of life (QoL) in this population following a combined HIIT + R program.The study was a 2-group (n = 45 each) randomized controlled single-blinded trial.The study was done at a treatment clinic of a tertiary hospital. The mean age of participants was 69.23 ± 4.9 years. The HII…
Body Mass Index and Cardiac Events in Elderly Patients
2009
Body Mass Index has been challenged as an anthropometric measurement in elderly patients. Recent data, even in elderly patients, has demonstrated that elevated body mass index affords a worse long-term prognosis, although the magnitude of this relationship weakens as one ages. Underweight patients, possibly due to elements of sarcopenia and/or frailty, are also at a higher risk of overall mortality. A number of inflammatory mediators may be responsible for such factors which likely contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular events observed. Although body mass index has been implicated in the development of heart failure, coronary artery disease and mediates its effects through other…