Search results for "learning."

showing 10 items of 6527 documents

An Optimized Design of Choice Experiments: A New Approach for Studying Decision Behavior in Choice Task Experiments

2014

In this paper, we present a new approach for the optimal experimental design problem of generating diagnostic choice tasks, where the respondent's decision strategy can be unambiguously deduced from the observed choice. In this new approach, we applied a genetic algorithm that creates a one-to-one correspondence between a set of predefined decision strategies and the alternatives of the choice task; it also manipulates the characteristics of the choice tasks. In addition, this new approach takes into account the measurement errors that can occur when the preferences of the decision makers are being measured. The proposed genetic algorithm is capable of generating diagnostic choice tasks eve…

Choice setOperationalizationSociology and Political Sciencebusiness.industryComputer scienceStrategy and ManagementGeneral Decision SciencesContrast (statistics)Space (commercial competition)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreTask (project management)Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Similarity (psychology)Genetic algorithmArtificial intelligenceSet (psychology)businesscomputerApplied PsychologyJournal of Behavioral Decision Making
researchProduct

Allosteric modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as a treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease

2000

The basic symptoms of Alzheimer's dementia, i.e., a loss in cognitive function, are due to impaired nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission. To compensate for this impairment by drug treatment, blockers of the acetylcholine-degrading enzyme acetylcholinesterase are applied, even though this approach obviously is prone to many side-effects, including those of muscarinic nature. We have recently described a novel class of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands which, similar to the action of benzodiazepines on GABA(A) receptors, allosterically potentiate submaximal nicotinic responses. The sensitizing effect is a consequence of facilitated channel opening in the presence of allosterically p…

Cholinergic AgentsReceptors NicotinicNeurotransmissionPharmacologyPC12 Cellschemistry.chemical_compoundCognitionAllosteric RegulationAlzheimer DiseaseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineAnimalsHumansLearningCells CulturedAcetylcholine receptorPharmacologyNeurotransmitter AgentsGalantamineAcetylcholinesteraseRatsNicotinic acetylcholine receptorNicotinic agonistchemistryCholinesterase InhibitorsAlpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptorNeuroscienceAcetylcholinemedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
researchProduct

Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids induces suboptimal decision-making in mice.

2021

AbstractAnxio-depressive symptoms as well as severe cognitive dysfunction including aberrant decision-making (DM) are documented in neuropsychiatric patients with hypercortisolaemia. Yet, the influence of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis on DM processes remains poorly understood. As a tractable mean to approach this human condition, adult male C57BL/6JRj mice were chronically treated with corticosterone (CORT) prior to behavioural, physiological and neurobiological evaluation. The behavioural data indicate that chronic CORT delays the acquisition of contingencies required to orient responding towards optimal DM performance in a mouse Gambling Task (mGT). Specifically, CORT-treat…

Chronic exposureMaleendocrine systemHypothalamo-Hypophyseal System[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/NeurobiologyPituitary-Adrenal SystemSpatial memory03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundGambling taskMice0302 clinical medicineGlucocorticoid receptorCorticosteroneMedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)Prefrontal cortexGlucocorticoidsBiological PsychiatryPharmacologybusiness.industry[SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/NeurobiologyCognition030227 psychiatryMice Inbred C57BLPsychiatry and Mental healthNeurologychemistryNeurology (clinical)Biological psychiatryMotor learningbusinessCorticosteroneNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsStress PsychologicalDecision-making
researchProduct

“Team Based Learning” in Political Science studies

2019

En los estudios de Ciencia Política ha predominado tradicionalmente la metodología basada en la clase magistral y el trabajo individual. Sin embargo, la implantación del sistema de Bolonia implica un trabajo más autónomo de los estudiantes y el desarrollo de nuevas habilidades como el trabajo en grupo. Desde esta perspectiva, se ha aplicado una nueva metodología denominada Aprendizaje Basado en Grupos (TBL de sus siglas en inglés) a un grupo de 100 alumnos de Ciencia Política y se la ha comparado con otros tres métodos también utilizados por los mismos estudiantes en otras asignaturas del grado (práctica semanal, trabajo semestral y Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas). El objetivo del trabajo …

Ciencia PolíticaAprenentatge Aptitud per a l'Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas.Team Based Learning Political Science Teaching Innovation Problem Based Learning.Aprendizaje Basado en Grupos Ciencia Política Innovación Docente Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas.Ciències polítiquesEducació InvestigacióEducationInnovación DocentePedagogiaLawSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)Aprendizaje Basado en GruposRevista de Educaci�n y Derecho
researchProduct

Nota de Presentación

2013

El primer número del Journal de Ciencias Sociales, revista académica de ciencias sociales de la Universidad de Palermo, presenta una colección de artículos escritos por autores que provienen de diferentes geografías y reflexionan sobre diversos temas: los tipos de investigaciones que se producen en ciencias sociales, las “buenas sociedades”, la diáspora de grupos étnicos y religiosos, las políticas de juventud, la recuperación histórica de la cultura, las vivencias de la espacialidad y la tenencia del suelo.

Ciencia PolíticaJCSlcsh:AZ20-999Ciencias SocialesJournal de Ciencias Socialeslcsh:H1-99lcsh:Social sciences (General)lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanitiesRelaciones InternacionalesJournal de Ciencias Sociales
researchProduct

Evaluadores de este número

2013

Alicia Naveda Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Argentina Rocio Canudas Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico e INDES-BID Diego Ceruso Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina Maria Eugenia Comerci Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-CONICET, Argentina Francisco Lavolpe Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Argentina Patricia Lucero Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina Luciano Visentini Universidad degli studi di Firenze, Italia

Ciencia PolíticaJCSlcsh:AZ20-999Ciencias SocialesJournal de Ciencias Socialeslcsh:H1-99lcsh:Social sciences (General)lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanitiesRelaciones InternacionalesJournal de Ciencias Sociales
researchProduct

Verbal learning and memory and their associations with brain morphology and illness course in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses.

2012

The California Verbal Learning Test and structural brain imaging were administered to 57 subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 94 controls in a general population sample. Cases had lower semantic cluster scores. Poorer verbal memory strategies were associated with longer duration of illness and heavier use of antipsychotic medication. After controlling for duration of illness, sex, and total gray matter, poorer verbal memory was associated with lower gray matter volume in the cingulate cortex, juxtapositional lobule, right superior temporal gyrus, and precuneus. After controlling for use of antipsychotic medication, there was an association between higher serial clustering and …

Cingulate cortexAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisPrecuneusNeuroimagingAudiologyNeuropsychological TestsVerbal learningbehavioral disciplines and activitiesMemorymedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performancePsychiatryta515Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesCalifornia Verbal Learning TestWorking memoryBrainVerbal Learningmedicine.diseaseClinical Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyPsychotic DisordersDisease ProgressionSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyNeurology (clinical)Verbal memoryPsychologyJournal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
researchProduct

Incremental linear model trees on massive datasets

2013

The existence of massive datasets raises the need for algorithms that make efficient use of resources like memory and computation time. Besides well-known approaches such as sampling, online algorithms are being recognized as good alternatives, as they often process datasets faster using much less memory. The important class of algorithms learning linear model trees online (incremental linear model trees or ILMTs in the following) offers interesting options for regression tasks in this sense. However, surprisingly little is known about their performance, as there exists no large-scale evaluation on massive stationary datasets under equal conditions. Therefore, this paper shows their applica…

Class (computer programming)Computer scienceProcess (engineering)business.industryComputationLinear modelSampling (statistics)computer.software_genreMachine learningKISS principleData miningArtificial intelligenceOnline algorithmbusinesscomputerProceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
researchProduct

Visualizing communication structures in science classrooms: Tracing cumulativity in teacher-led whole class discussions

2013

Teacher-led whole class discussions are essential when it comes to guiding students' construction of knowledge, and recent studies on teaching and learning emphasize the need for more student-centered teaching methods. In previous studies, the extent to which different types of communication take place in the classroom have been extensively reported by means of lists, tables, and charts, yet these studies have not included overviews of how talk develops and progresses over time. This study addresses this aspect by presenting how different communicative approaches constitute a specific, cumulative communication structure. Within this structure, the role and temporal considerations of a dialo…

Class (computer programming)DialogicEducational researchMeaningful learningTeaching methodPedagogyComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONMathematics educationInterpersonal communicationPsychologyScience educationTeacher educationEducationJournal of Research in Science Teaching
researchProduct

Educating reflective Enterprise Systems practitioners: a design research study of the iterative building of a teaching framework

2013

This research paper reports on the iterative design of a teaching framework developed for teaching Enterprise Systems ES classes for Information Systems IS graduates. These systems embed technical complexity and create organizational challenges when implemented in organizations. Therefore, teaching good ES classes is pedagogically challenging for faculty, and ES curricula are difficult for students. We have gradually designed and rebuilt curricula and teaching frameworks over 8years. This has also resulted in a set of eight design principles. We report from our design and evaluation process and present our final artefact, the teaching framework. The aim is to educate reflective practitioner…

Class (computer programming)EngineeringKnowledge managementIterative designComputer Networks and Communicationsbusiness.industryCollaborative learningEducational researchEnterprise systemTeaching and learning centerComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONInformation systembusinessCurriculumSoftwareInformation SystemsInformation Systems Journal
researchProduct