Search results for "leukocyte"
showing 10 items of 970 documents
Isolation of naturally processed peptides recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) on human melanoma cells in association with HLA-A2.1.
1994
Cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones have previously been derived from peripheral blood of melanoma patient SK29(AV). They lyse autologous melanoma cells but not autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B lymphocytes. Immunoselection experiments indicate that these CTL clones recognize 4 different antigens (Aa, Ab, B, C) in association with a single HLA restriction element, HLA-A2.1. While the expression of antigens B and C appears to be confined to SK29-melanoma cells, antigens Aa and Ab are shared by a high proportion of allogeneic HLA-A2-positive melanoma lines. HLA-A2.1 and total HLA class I molecules have now been purified from SK29-melanoma cells using affinity chromatography an…
Differences in Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-specific and herpesvirus-non-specific immune responses in classic Kaposi sarcoma cases and match…
2011
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) might develop because of incompetent immune responses, both non-specifically and specifically against the KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 15 classic (non-AIDS) KS cases, 13 KSHV seropositives (without KS) and 15 KSHV-seronegative controls were tested for interferon-γ T-cell (enzyme-linked immunospot [Elispot]) responses to KSHV-latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), KSHV-K8.1 and CMV/Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) peptide pools. The forearm and thigh of each participant was also tested for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against common recall antigens. Groups were compared with Fisher exact test and multinomial logistic regress…
Analysis of TCR Vbeta repertoire and cytokine gene expression in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
2001
Although the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is still unclear, it is widely accepted that a complex interplay between viral infections and immune mechanisms is the basis of disease genesis. Previously, we showed that heart-infiltrating T cells of patients suffering from acute, fulminant Coxsackie virus B3+-IDC shared a preferential usage of three variable gene segments of the T cell receptor beta chain-(TCR-Vbeta) encoding families Vbeta3, 7 and 13.1. This indicated the possible presence of a superantigen-driven immune response. Here, we further investigated the IDC immunological scenario by analysing different phenotypes of heart-infiltrating cells: TCR repertoi…
Leukocyte subtypes, gelatinases, and their tissue inhibitors in a group of subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis
2022
In a cohort of subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (ACA), we have evaluated the neutrophil and lymphocyte count and their ratio (NLR), the gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). At baseline, no difference was observed between ACA subjects and subject control group regarding neutrophil and lymphocyte count while was evident in ACA subjects a significant increase in MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 associated to a significant decrease in TIMP-1. Dividing the ACA according to the number of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) we have observed an increase in lymphocyte count in the subgroup with 3–5 CRFs. Evaluating the leukocyte subtypes according to…
Different sensitivity of carp (Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the immunomodulatory effects of UVB irradiation.
2006
Abstract In order to study the sensitivity of two fish species, carp (Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), to the immunomodulatory effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, the fish were exposed to a single UVB dose of 50, 250, 500 or 1000 mJ cm−2. These species represent different phylogenetic groups of fish, and they differ also in their behaviour inhabitating often dark and turbid (carp) or clear and transparent waters (salmonids). Immune responses were studied on day 1 post-irradiation. Unexposed fish, and fish exposed to radiation depleted of UV wavelengths served as controls. UVB irradiation markedly enhanced the blood respiratory burst and cytotoxic activity in c…
Cladribine exerts an immunomodulatory effect on human and murine dendritic cells
2014
Cladribine is a purine nucleoside analog developed to treat lymphoid malignancies. Reported therapeutic benefits for the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis indicate additional immunomodulatory effects beyond the well-characterized cytotoxic activity causing lymphopenia. Here, we demonstrate that cladribine reduces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by murine and human dendritic cells, the most potent antigen-presenting cells. This compound also modulates the expression of the activation markers CD86 and MHC II. Furthermore, cladribine affects the T cell priming capacity of dendritic cells, resulting in reduced induction of interferon-γ- and tumor necrosis factor-α-pro…
Rapid and Sensitive Identification of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-associated Tumor Peptides by Nano-LC MALDI MS/MS
2005
Identification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-associated peptides recognized by T-lymphocytes is a crucial prerequisite for the detection and manipulation of specific immune responses in cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately immunogenic peptides are less abundant species present in highly complex mixtures of MHC-extracted material. Most peptide identification strategies use microcapillary LC coupled to nano-ESI MS/MS in a challenging on-line approach. Alternatively MALDI PSD analysis has been applied for this purpose. We report here on the first off-line combination of nanoscale (nano) LC and MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS for the identification of naturally proce…
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells of patients with coronary artery disease show an increased expression of costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86…
2007
Background Atherosclerosis is a disease triggered by diverse exogenous stimuli and sustained by chronic inflammatory processes. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key regulatory antigen-presenting cells and play a crucial role in regulating the adaptive and innate immune system in any chronic inflammatory process. DCs are present in atherosclerotic lesions in the areas of the highest T-cell density. So far, their role in atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the phenotypic properties of DCs in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in comparison to healthy individuals. Methods Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from 50 patients with CAD and 19 healthy individuals …
Leukocyte Redistribution: Effects of Beta Blockers in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
2009
BACKGROUND:Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines is a well established factor in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). Changes in cellular immunity have not been widely studied, and the impact of standard medication is uncertain. Here we investigate whether a leukocyte redistribution occurs in CHF and whether this effect is influenced by beta-blocker therapy. METHODOLOGY:We prospectively studied 75 patients with systolic CHF (age: 68+/-11 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 32+/-11%, New York Heart Association class 2.5+/-0.7) and 20 age-matched healthy control subjects (age: 63+/-10 years). We measured the response of cells to endotoxin exposure in vitro, analysed su…
Activation of PPARβ/δ inhibits leukocyte recruitment, cell adhesion molecule expression, and chemokine release
2009
Abstract Activation of the nuclear receptor PPARb/d inhibits acute inflammatory responses in vitro with human primary cells and in vivo by targeting the endothelial cell-leukocyte interaction. The infiltration of PMNs into tissues is a prominent feature in inflammation. The mechanism underlying PMN recruitment depends on the release of chemotactic mediators and CAM expression on endothelial cells. The nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ is widely expressed in many tissues, including the vascular endothelium; however, its role in acute inflammation remains unclear. Using intravital microscopy in the mouse cremasteric microcirculation, we have shown that activation of PPARβ/δ by its selective ligand GW5…