Search results for "leukocyte"
showing 10 items of 970 documents
In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax.
2013
The immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10(-7) M, 10(-5) M, and 10(-3) M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MU assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmiu…
MK801 blocks hypoxic blood-brain-barrier disruption and leukocyte adhesion.
2008
The aim of the present study was to examine the signaling pathways of hypoxia followed by reoxygenation (H/R)-induced disruption of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) in a co-culture of astrocytes and brain endothelial cells (BEC) in vitro. We analyzed the possible stabilizing effect of MK801, a highly selective N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, on BBB integrity. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutamate (Glut) release and monocyte adhesion were measured under normoxia and H/R. BBB integrity was monitored measuring the trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER). TEER values dropped under H/R conditions which was abolished by MK801. Glut release from astrocytes, but n…
Synthesis and evaluation of 2-tosylamino and 2-tosyliminopyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of some leukocyte functions
2003
Abstract We have studied the potential anti-inflammatory effects of 20 2-tosylamino and 2-tosyliminopyrimidine new derivatives in human neutrophils. We have evaluated their interference with some leukocyte functions and 5-lipoxygenase activity. All the compounds reduced neutrophil degranulation process at concentrations in the μM range. Besides, compounds with a phenolic substitution inhibited leukotriene B 4 biosynthesis in neutrophils and decreased the cell-free 5-lipoxygenase activity. This study demonstrates that 2-tosylamino and 2-tosyliminopyrimidine derivatives can reduce the activation of neutrophil cells which may have relevance for the modulation of the inflammatory response.
Increased eryptosis in smokers is associated with the antioxidant status and C-reactive protein levels
2018
Abstract Cigarette smoking has been linked with oxidative stress and inflammation. In turn, eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death similar to apoptosis that can be triggered by oxidative stress, has been associated with chronic inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis. However, the link between smoking and eryptosis has not been explored so far. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of eryptotic erythrocytes in healthy male smokers (n = 21) compared to non-smokers (n = 21) and assess its relationship with systemic inflammation (CRP) as well as with antioxidant defense (GSH) and their resistance to ex-vivo induced hemolysis. Smoking caused an increase in phosphati…
Haem Biosynthesis and Antioxidant Enzymes in Circulating Cells of Acute Intermittent Porphyria Patients
2016
The aims of the present study were to explore the expression pattern of haem biosynthesis enzymes in circulating cells of patients affected by two types of porphyria (acute intermittent, AIP, and variegate porphyria, VP), together with the antioxidant enzyme pattern in AIP in order to identify a possible situation of oxidative stress. Sixteen and twelve patients affected by AIP and VP, respectively, were analysed with the same numbers of healthy matched controls. Erythrocytes, neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were purified from blood, and RNA and proteins were extracted for quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western-blot analysis, respectively. Porhobilinogen…
HLA Class I and II Diversity Contributes to the Etiologic Heterogeneity of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes
2018
Abstract A growing number of loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been implicated in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) etiology. Here, we test a complementary hypothesis of “heterozygote advantage” regarding the role of HLA and NHL, whereby HLA diversity is beneficial and homozygous HLA loci are associated with increased disease risk. HLA alleles at class I and II loci were imputed from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using SNP2HLA for 3,617 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), 2,686 follicular lymphomas (FL), 2,878 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas (CLL/SLL), 741 marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), and 8,753 controls of European descent. Both DLBCL…
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte integrins in deep venous thrombosis
2005
The polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) have a role in the pathophysiology of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). We examined the phenotypical expression of PMN beta2-integrins (CD l l a, CDl l b, CD 11c) in a group of 19 subjects with leg DVT. PMN cells were incubated with fluorescent monoclonal antibodies against CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, and the evaluation was made by flow cytofluorimetry. The same integrins were determined after in vitro activation with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). In DVT subjects, at baseline, the phenotypical expression of CD11b was decreased and that of CD11c increased when compared with normal controls. In normal su…
Interference with purinergic signalling
2016
Objective: The association of abacavir (ABC), a guanosine analogue, with cardiovascular toxicity is a long-lasting matter of controversy engendered by the lack of a mechanism of action. Clinical data point to an acute mechanism of vascular inflammation. Previous studies have shown that ABC induces leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, an indicator of vascular inflammation. These effects are reproduced by another purine analogue, didanosine, but not by pyrimidine or acyclic nucleotide analogues, hinting at an interference with the purinergic system. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of ATP-receptors in leukocyte accumulation induced by ABC. Design and methods: Clinical c…
Malnutrition impairs mitochondrial function and leukocyte activation
2019
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function in a disease-related malnutrition (DRM) outpatient population. Methods For this cross-sectional study, a total of 83 subjects were included and clustered in 3 groups: 34 with normonutrition (NN), 21 with DRM without inflammation (DRM-I) and 28 with DRM and inflammation (DRM + I). Nutritional diagnosis was conducted for all subjects according to ASPEN. Biochemical parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species production, glutathione, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, adhesion molecules and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were eva…
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio helps select metastatic pancreatic cancer patients benefitting from oxaliplatin
2016
BACKGROUND: High Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as a measure of enhanced inflammatory response, has been negatively associated with prognosis in patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed at investigating the prognostic value of NLR in two homogeneous groups of chemotherapy-na've metastatic PDA patients. Patients were treated with either gemcitabine (GEM) or gemcitabine/ oxaliplatin (GEMOXA). We also assessed whether NLR could identify patients benefiting from the use of oxaliplatin. METHODS: Consecutive PDA patients treated at the Medical Oncology Unit of Tor Vergata University Hospital of Rome with either GEM or GEMOXA wer…