Search results for "leukocyte"
showing 10 items of 970 documents
Does Empagliflozin Modulate Leukocyte–Endothelium Interactions, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes?
2021
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) have been linked to cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, their underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin, a novel potent and selective iSGLT-2, on anthropometric and endocrine parameters, leukocyte–endothelium interactions, adhesion molecules, ROS production, and NFkB-p65 transcription factor expression. According to standard clinical protocols, sixteen T2D patients receiving 10 mg/day of empagliflozin were followed-up for 24 weeks. Anthropometric and analytical measurements were performed at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Interacti…
Role of HLA-B α-3 domain amino acid position 194 in HIV disease progression
2013
HLA class I molecules play a role in the regulation of innate immune response. Therefore, the interaction of HLA class I molecules with different activating and inhibitory receptors leads to balancing the immune response. Among the different family of receptors, NK receptors KIR3DL1/S1 and LIR1, play a major role. Aim of this study was to evaluate the role of amino acid polymorphic positions of HLA class I molecules interacting with NK receptors in HIV progression. In order to minimize the influence of viral variability, a cohort of children with a nosocomial monophyletic HIV-1 infection from the Benghazi Children Hospital has been evaluated. To assess the role of single amino acid position…
Heterogeneity at the HLA-DRB1 locus and risk for multiple sclerosis.
2006
Variation in major histocompatibility complex genes on chromosome 6p21.3, specifically the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR2 or DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 extended haplotype, confers risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies of DRB1 variation and both MS susceptibility and phenotypic expression have lacked statistical power to detect modest genotypic influences, and have demonstrated conflicting results. Results derived from analyses of 1339 MS families indicate DRB1 variation influences MS susceptibility in a complex manner. DRB1*15 was strongly associated in families (P=7.8x10(-31)), and a dominant DRB1*15 dose effect was confirmed (OR=7.5, 95% CI=4.4-13.0, P<0.0001). A modest dose effect…
Severe third molar complications including death-lessons from 100 cases requiring hospitalization.
2006
Purpose In this study we investigated patients that were hospitalized due to third molar (M3) complications. Specifically we analyzed frequency, age distribution, and outcome with respect to the M3 clinical status. Patients and Methods We set up a prospective cohort study and included 100 subjects admitted for management of acute M3-associated complications. The clinical status of the M3 was defined as 1 ) prophylactic M3 removal, 2 ) therapeutic (nonelective) M3 removal, or 3 ) M3 present at the time of admission. Outcome variables were clinical infection markers (C-reactive protein, leukocyte counts) and economic parameters (treatment costs, length of hospital stay, and days of disability…
A Fully Synthetic Four-Component Antitumor Vaccine Consisting of a Mucin Glycopeptide Antigen Combined with Three Different T-Helper-Cell Epitopes
2014
In a new concept of fully synthetic vaccines, the role of T-helper cells is emphasized. Here, a synthetic antitumor vaccine consisting of a diglycosylated tumor-associated MUC1 glycopeptide as the B-cell epitope was covalently cross-linked with three different T-helper-cell epitopes via squaric acid ligation of two linear (glyco)peptides. In mice this four-component vaccine administered without external immune-stimulating promoters elicit titers of MUC1-specific antibodies that were about eight times higher than those induced by a vaccine containing only one T-helper-cell epitope. The promising results indicate that multiple activation of different T-helper cells is useful for applications …
IL12A, MPHOSPH9/CDK2AP1 and RGS1 are novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci
2010
A recent meta-analysis identified seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with suggestive evidence of association with multiple sclerosis (MS). We report an analysis of these polymorphisms in a replication study that includes 8,085 cases and 7,777 controls. A meta-analysis across the replication collections and a joint analysis with the discovery data set were performed. The possible functional consequences of the validated susceptibility loci were explored using RNA expression data. For all of the tested SNPs, the effect observed in the replication phase involved the same allele and the same direction of effect observed in the discovery phase. Three loci exceeded genome-wide significa…
Expansion of intracellular IFN-γ positive lymphocytes during Mycoplasma agalactiae infection in sheep.
2010
Abstract A method to assess the expansion of antigen-specific intracellular IFN-γ positive T cell subsets during the infection will be helpful for a better understanding of mycoplasmal infections physiopathology in the sheep. We analysed the percentage of antigen-specific lymphocytes positive for intracellular IFN-γ during the infection of sheep with Mycoplasma agalactiae by culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infected or uninfected animals with irradiated M. agalactiae . The expansion of antigen-specific IFN-γ positive lymphocytes in infected sheep was initially sustained by CD4 + T cells at day 15 after infection, when antigen specific IgG start to be detectable, followed by C…
Genome-wide Association Analysis in Humans Links Nucleotide Metabolism to Leukocyte Telomere Length
2020
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a heritable biomarker of genomic aging. In this study, we perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of LTL by pooling densely genotyped and imputed association results across large-scale European-descent studies including up to 78,592 individuals. We identify 49 genomic regions at a false dicovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 threshold and prioritize genes at 31, with five highlighting nucleotide metabolism as an important regulator of LTL. We report six genome-wide significant loci in or near SENP7, MOB1B, CARMIL1, PRRC2A, TERF2, and RFWD3, and our results support recently identified PARP1, POT1, ATM, and MPHOSPH6 loci. Phenome-wide analyses in >350,000 UK Biobank p…
Inhibition of human sPLA2 and 5-lipoxygenase activities by two neo-clerodane diterpenoids
1999
Abstract The inhibitory effect of two neo -clerodane diterpenoids, E -isolinaridial (EI) and its methylketone derivative (EIM), isolated from Linaria saxatilis var. glutinosa , on PLA2 and other enzyme activities involved in the inflammatory process was studied. Both compounds inhibited human synovial sPLA 2 in a concentration-dependent manner with IC 50 values of 0.20 and 0.49 μM, respectively, similar to scalaradial. Besides, these compounds decreased the cell-free 5-lipoxygenase activity and A23187-induced neutrophil LTB 4 biosynthesis. Another function of human neutrophils, such as receptor-mediated degranulation, was also significantly reduced. In contrast, none of the compounds affect…
Increased airway inflammatory cells in endurance athletes: what do they mean?
2003
Inflammatory cells are increased in the airways of endurance athletes, but their role in causing exercise-induced respiratory symptoms and bronchoconstriction, or their possible long-term consequences, are uncertain.To put the results of athlete studies in perspective, by analysing the pathogenesis of airway cell changes and their impact on respiratory function.Athletes of different endurance sports at rest showed increased airway neutrophils. Elite swimmers and skiers also showed large increases in airway eosinophils and lymphocytes, possibly related to chronic, exercise-related exposure to irritants or cold and dry air, respectively. Post-exercise studies reported variable responses of ai…