Search results for "level"

showing 10 items of 3465 documents

Count data in psychological applied research.

2006

As some authors have noticed in fields other than psychology, level of measurement and distributional characteristics of count data are commonly not taken into account, so that they are analysed as normally distributed continuous variables, and therefore some general linear model is applied. In this work, we review a random sample of 457 articles published in the last four years in journals with the highest impact factor in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR Social Sciences Edition) of the Institute for Scientific Information. The goals are to know how often count variables appear in psychological applied research and which data analyses are used when dealing with count response variables. …

General linear modelImpact factor05 social sciences050401 social sciences methodsContinuous variableLevel of measurement0504 sociology0502 economics and businessStatisticsHumansApplied researchCitationPsychology050203 business & managementGeneral PsychologyCount dataPsychology AppliedPsychological reports
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Role of topological phase-defects in the parametric generation process

2008

Abstract We show that topological phase-defects are spontaneously generated from noise fluctuations in the degenerate configuration of the parametric interaction. These localized coherent structures are shown to affect the coherence properties of the parametrically generated field. It is shown that the emergence of coherence in the fundamental field relies on a previously unrecognized process of mutual annihilation of pairs of neighboring phase-defects. More precisely, the density of phase-defects N , and the time correlation τ c of the generated field, are shown to exhibit a power-law behavior with the propagation length, i.e., τ c ∝ z 1 / 4 , N ∝ z - 1 / 4 .

Generation processPhysicsAnnihilationbusiness.industryDegenerate energy levelsNonlinear opticsTopology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTime correlation010309 opticsOpticsParametric process0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsbusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSCoherence (physics)Parametric statisticsOptics Communications
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What explains ‘generosity’ in the public financing of high-tech drugs? An empirical investigation of 25 OECD countries and 11 controversial drugs

2014

In times of increasing cost pressures, public healthcare systems in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries face the question of whether and to which extent new high-tech drugs are to be financed within their public healthcare systems. Systematic empirical research that explains across-country variation in these decisions is, however, almost non-existent. We analyse an original dataset that contains coverage decisions for 11 controversial drugs in 25 OECD countries using multilevel modelling. Our results indicate that the ‘generosity’ with which controversial new drugs are publicly financed is unrelated to a country’s wealth and general expenditure levels fo…

GenerosityPublic economicsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectMultilevel modelGeneral Social SciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawHigh techSocial insuranceEmpirical researchHealth careEconomicsbusinessHealth policyPublic financemedia_commonJournal of European Social Policy
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Isotope fractionation of zinc in the paddy rice soil-water environment and the role of 2’deoxymugineic acid (DMA) as zincophore under Zn limiting con…

2021

Non-traditional stable isotope systems are increasingly used to study micronutrient cycling and acquisition in terrestrial ecosystems. We previously proposed for zinc (Zn) a conceptual model linking observed isotope signatures and fractionations to biogeochemical processes occurring in the rice soil environment and we suggested that 2’deoxymugineic acid (DMA) could play an important role for rice during the acquisition of Zn when grown under Zn limiting conditions. This proposition was sustained by the extent and direction of isotope fractionation observed during the complexation of Zn with DMA synthesised in our laboratory. Here we report a new set of experimental data from field and labor…

Geochemistry & GeophysicsBiogeochemical cycleGoethite010504 meteorology & atmospheric scienceschemistry.chemical_elementZinc010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesAlkali soilIsotope fractionationPRECISE ZNMUGINEIC ACIDGeochemistry and PetrologySILICON ISOTOPE0402 Geochemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRhizosphereScience & TechnologyStable isotope ratioORYZA-SATIVA L.food and beveragesGeologyIRON ACQUISITIONTOXIC LEVELSchemistryMETAL-IONS0403 GeologyMASS BIAS CORRECTIONEnvironmental chemistryvisual_artSoil waterPhysical Sciencesvisual_art.visual_art_medium0406 Physical Geography and Environmental GeoscienceORGANIC-ACIDSGeologyPLANT-SYSTEM
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Seed isozyme variation in Petrocoptis A. Braun (Caryophyllaceae).

2001

Abstract The electrophoretic patterns of seven isozyme systems (ADH, AMY, AAT, GDH, LAP, MDH, and SOD) obtained from dormant seeds from 44 accessions belonging to 12 Petrocoptis taxa were compared in order to clarify taxonomic relationships within the genus. Overall, electrophoretic zymograms showed the presence of up 28 electromorphs, of which 26 were polymorphic among accessions. Mantel tests revealed a moderate level of correlation between the geographic distance matrix and several dissimilarity matrices based on the isozyme data ( r =0.3052–0.3376). The electrophoretic profiles of seed isozymes did not match closely the analytical taxonomic framework drawn from morphology. Many electrom…

Geographic distributionTaxonGeographic originModerate levelBotanyCaryophyllaceaeOrdinationBiologybiology.organism_classificationBiochemistryIsozymeEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPetrocoptisBiochemical systematics and ecology
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Effect of Local Geology on Ground Motion in the City of Palermo, Italy, as Inferred from Aftershocks of the 6 September 2002 Mw 5.9 Earthquake

2005

On 6 September 2002 a M w 5.9 earthquake occurred in the southern Tyrrhenian sea, 40 km off the coast of Palermo (Italy). In the days after the mainshock, eight temporary stations were installed in the city to record aftershocks on different geological formations. Seismograms of about 30 earthquakes with magnitude ≥2.8 are analyzed. The data analysis confirms the role of near-surface geology in causing locally significant variations of the ground-shaking level as already inferred by Guidoboni et al. (2003) from historical damage scenario studies. The largest spectral variations estimated through aftershock recordings result in a factor of 10 difference between stiff and soft sites, in frequ…

Geographic information systembusiness.industryAmbient noise levelBoreholeMagnitude (mathematics)GeophysicsAmplitudePalermo site effects EC8Geochemistry and PetrologyNatural hazardbusinessSeismogramGeologySeismologyAftershockBulletin of the Seismological Society of America
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Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein

2012

In developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, seco…

Geographic isolationRégression logistiquesSurvivalEpidemiologyLogistic regressionPrognostic factorsSocio-economic levelBreast cancerFacteurs de risque[ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyFacteurs pronostiquesTraitementCancer du seinMultilevel models[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyIncidenceNiveau socio-économiqueSurvival analysesCoxModèles multiniveauxKaplan MeierAnalyses de survieTreatmentÉpidémiologieRisk factorsSurvieÉloignement géographique[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
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Reconfigurations in sustainability transitions : a systematic and critical review

2021

Two streams of literature have become especially prominent in understanding social change toward sustainability within the past decades: the research on socio-technical transitions and applications of social practice theory. The aim of this article is to contribute to efforts to create dialogue between these two approaches. We do this by focusing on the concept of reconfiguration, which has become a much-used, but poorly defined notion in the discussion on sustainability transitions. To understand what is defined as reconfiguration in systems and practices, and how the understanding of reconfiguration in regimes could benefit from insights about reconfiguration in practices, we conducted a …

Geography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencestieteellisten lehtien artikkelien katsausdialogicritical reviewEconomicsuudelleenjärjestelyuusien toimijoiden hankkiminensocial normssystemaattiset kirjallisuuskatsauksetGeneral Environmental Sciencecreating new normalitiesdialoguekestävä kehitysreconfigurationsosioekonominen siirtymäTransition (fiction)systematic literature reviewControl reconfigurationtransition021107 urban & regional planningsustainability transitionsosiaalisen käytännön teoriaSocial sciences (General)Systematic reviewkestävyyssiirtymäkulttuuriset normitrecruiting actors in practicesuusien normien luominenyhteiskunnallinen muutosinvestigating different rolessocio-technical transitionstrendssystemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsauscultural normskulutuskestävä elämäntapasosiaaliset normitjournal articlessiirtymäjournal article reviewProduction (economics)erilaisten roolien tarkastelutieteellisten lehtien artikkelitconsumptionkestävä siirtymämulti-level perspectivesocial and cultural norms0105 earth and related environmental sciencesH1-99Consumption (economics)kriittinen arviointiSocial changeteknologinen kehityssocial practice theorynormittrenditsosiaalinen muutosniche practicessosiaaliset ja kulttuuriset normitSustainabilityregime practicesproductionEconomic systemtuotantomonitasoinen perspektiivi
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Model to Assess the Quality of Magmatic Rocks for Reliable and Sustainable Constructions

2017

Geomechanical assessment of rocks requires knowledge of phenomena that occur under the influence of internal and external factors at a macroscopic or microscopic scale, when rocks are submitted to different actions. To elucidate the quantitative and qualitative geomechanical behavior of rocks, knowing their geological and physical–mechanical characteristics becomes an imperative. Mineralogical, petrographical and chemical analyses provided an opportunity to identify 15 types of igneous rocks (gabbro, diabases, granites, diorites, rhyolites, andesites, and basalts), divided into plutonic and volcanic rocks. In turn, these have been grouped into acidic, neutral (intermediate) and basic magmat…

Geography Planning and DevelopmentGeochemistryMineralogyTJ807-830010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawphysical–mechanical characteristicsTD194-19501 natural sciencesMicroscopic scaleRenewable energy sources0502 economics and businessigneous rock; aggregate; physical–mechanical characteristics; exploitation; conformity; safety levelGE1-350safety level0105 earth and related environmental sciencesconformityBasaltgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryGabbrobiologyEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentigneous rockAndesites05 social sciencesExperimental databiology.organism_classificationExperimental researchVolcanic rockEnvironmental sciencesIgneous rockaggregate050203 business & managementGeologyexploitationSustainability
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Non‐trophic key players in aquatic ecosystems: a mesocosm experiment

2020

GeographyEcologyAquatic ecosystemKey (cryptography)Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTrophic levelMesocosmOikos
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