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showing 10 items of 3465 documents
Fundamentals on Decision-Making Behavior
2011
This introductory chapter describes the fundamentals for later analysis, modeling and discussion of choice tasks and behavior. Figure 2.1 depicts the basic elements of the choice process which are relevant for the present work. On the left hand side, we see the general problem the decision makers are faced with: the choice task. Generally speaking, a choice task defines the problem of choosing the preferred out of a discrete and finite set of alternatives. The decision makers’ preferences determine what the preferred alternative is. Thus, in Sect. 2.1, we define both choice tasks and preferences.
Implications of the Modular Curriculum in the Senior Secondary School in Finland
2004
Interest in the modular curriculum has increased during the last few years. The modular approach has been seen as a promising curriculum model when more flexible structures are sought for reorganizing education. It creates alternatives for organizing school work in a pedagogically functional way in which individual students are offered more opportunities to select their own program of study (Warwick, 1988). Co-operation with schools has increased and forced schools to find common principles to arrange the timetables and daily schoolwork. In this context, the modular curriculum provides an instrument to outline the purpose and goals of schoolwork in a new way, and put them into practice at t…
¿Avances en la lucha contra la discriminación salarial por razón de sexo?
2021
En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de la discriminación salarial por razón de sexo y de la normativa dictada al efecto de combatir dicha diferenciación y alcanzar la igualdad retributiva. Para ello, se realiza un estudio de la normativa existente, tanto a nivel internacional, como comunitario y nacional, así como de los diferentes tipos de discriminación existentes, esto es, directa e indirecta, con sus manifestaciones prácticas a través de la doctrina judicial. Adicionalmente, se analizan los factores más habituales que inciden en la creación de situaciones discriminatorias para la mujer trabajadora en materia salarial. Y, finalmente, se estudian las medidas establecidas recientemente …
Multi-scale optimisation vs. genetic algorithms in the gradient separation of diuretics by reversed-phase liquid chromatography
2019
Abstract Multi-linear gradients are a convenient solution to get separation of complex samples by modulating carefully the gradient slope, in order to accomplish the local selectivity needs for each particular solute cluster. These gradients can be designed by trial-and-error according to the chromatographer experience, but this strategy becomes quickly inappropriate for complex separations. More evolved solutions imply the sequential construction of multi-segmented gradients. However, this strategy discards part of the search space in each step of the construction and, again, cannot deal properly with very complex samples. When the complexity is too large, the only valid alternative for fi…
More hours, more jobs? The employment effects of longer working hours
2014
Increases in standard hours of work have been a contentious policy issue in Germany. Whilst this might directly lead to a substitution of workers by hours, there may also be a positive employment effect due to reduced costs. Moreover, the response of firms may differ between firms that offer overtime and those that do not. For a panel of German plants (2001–2006) drawn from the IAB Establishment Panel, we are the first to analyse the effect of increased standard hours on employment. Using difference-in-difference methods we find that, consistent with theory, overtime plants showed a significant positive employment response, whilst for standard-time plants there is no difference between plan…
Building a Medical Research Cloud in the EASI-CLOUDS Project
2014
The demand for IT resources is constantly growing in the scientific area. The ability to store and process increasing amounts of data has transformed many research disciplines, like the life-sciences, which now rely on complex data processing and data analytics. Cloud environments are able to integrate and encapsulate possibly distributed resources and allow convenient and on-demand access to the corresponding services, tools, and complete work environments. The European research project EASI-CLOUDS (http://www. easi-clouds.eu) develops a platform for a convenient service delivery with special regard to service integration, monitoring, management, and Service Level Agreement (SLA) negotiati…
Effect of exercises with weight vests and a patient education programme for women with osteopenia and a healed wrist fracture: a randomized, controll…
2015
Background Exercise programmes have shown to be important for the prevention of fractures in patients with established osteoporosis. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of such programmes for women with low bone mineral density (BMD) (osteoporosis or osteopenia) who have already suffered a fracture. Studies have indicated that exercise programmes concentrating on muscular strength and dynamic balance have a positive effect on significant risk factors for falls such as quadriceps strength and balance. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a 6-month exercise programme and a patient education component (OsteoACTIVE) on quadriceps strength, BMD, dynamic balance, wa…
Density-Functional Calculations of Auger and X-Ray Photoemission Shifts for Metallic Elements
1982
ΔSCF density-functional calculations are reported for Auger, and core level binding energy shifts in sp-bonded metals. The basic model, atom-in-jellium-vacancy, gives good agreement with experiment, especially in the Auger case. The chemical and relaxation contributions to the shifts are discussed. The shifts are calculated also by using the thermochemical model and the results obtained are in agreement with experimental data. The applicability of the "excited-atom" approach to the Auger energy shifts is found restricted.
Parental and Familial Factors Influencing Physical Activity Levels in Early Adolescence: A Prospective Study
2020
Parental/familial factors are important determinants of the physical activity level (PAL) in children and adolescents, but studies rarely prospectively evaluate their relationships. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in physical activity levels among adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina over a two-year period and to determine parental/familial predictors of PAL in early adolescence. A total of 651 participants (50.3% females) were tested at baseline (beginning of high school education
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) as an Emergent System: A Dynamic Systems Theory Perspective
2016
This paper sets out to present a novel construal of one of the notions of Vygotskian cultural-historical theory viz., zone of proximal development (ZPD) drawing upon dynamic systems theory. The principal thesis maintains that ZDP is an emergent and dynamic system which is engendered by a dialectical concatenation of psychogenesic and sociogenesic facets of human development over time. It is reasoned that Vygotskian cultural-historical theory of human development, by invoking dialectical logic, has transcended Cartesian substance dualism and in turn has proffered a monistic and process-anchored ontology for emerging becoming of human consciousness. Likewise, it is contended that dynamic syst…