Search results for "level"
showing 10 items of 3465 documents
Interacting effects of simulated eutrophication, temperature increase, and microplastic exposure on Daphnia
2020
The effects of multiple stressors are difficult to separate in field studies, and their interactions may be hard to predict if studied in isolation. We studied the effects of decreasing food quality (increase in cyanobacteria from 5 to 95% simulating eutrophication), temperature increase (by 3 °C), and microplastic exposure (1% of the diet) on survival, size, reproduction, and fatty acid composition of the model freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna. We found that food quality was the major driver of Daphnia responses. When the amount of cyanobacteria increased from 5 to 95% of the diet, there was a drastic decrease in Daphnia survival (from 81 ± 15% to 24 ± 21%), juvenile size (from 1.8 ± 0.…
NLRP3 controls ATM activation in response to DNA damage
2020
The DNA damage response (DDR) is essential to preserve genomic integrity and acts as a barrier to cancer. The ATM pathway orchestrates the cellular response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and its attenuation is frequent during tumorigenesis. Here, we show that NLRP3, a Pattern Recognition Receptor known for its role in the inflammasome complex formation, interacts with the ATM kinase to control the early phase of DDR, independently of its inflammasome activity. NLRP3 down-regulation in human bronchial epithelial cells impairs ATM pathway activation as shown by an altered ATM substrate phosphorylation profile, and due to impaired p53 activation, confers resistance to acute genomic stres…
Top consumer abundance influences lake methane efflux
2015
Lakes are important habitats for biogeochemical cycling of carbon. The organization and structure of aquatic communities influences the biogeochemical interactions between lakes and the atmosphere. Understanding how trophic structure regulates ecosystem functions and influences greenhouse gas efflux from lakes is critical to understanding global carbon cycling and climate change. With a whole-lake experiment in which a previously fishless lake was divided into two treatment basins where fish abundance was manipulated, we show how a trophic cascade from fish to microbes affects methane efflux to the atmosphere. Here, fish exert high grazing pressure and remove nearly all zooplankton. This re…
Connection between optimal control theory and adiabatic-passage techniques in quantum systems
2012
This work explores the relationship between optimal control theory and adiabatic passage techniques in quantum systems. The study is based on a geometric analysis of the Hamiltonian dynamics constructed from the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. In a three-level quantum system, we show that the Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage technique can be associated to a peculiar Hamiltonian singularity. One deduces that the adiabatic pulse is solution of the optimal control problem only for a specific cost functional. This analysis is extended to the case of a four-level quantum system.
Integrating Decomposers, Methane-Cycling Microbes and Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes Along a Peatland Successional Gradient in a Land Uplift Region
2021
AbstractPeatlands are carbon dioxide (CO2) sinks that, in parallel, release methane (CH4). The peatland carbon (C) balance depends on the interplay of decomposer and CH4-cycling microbes, vegetation, and environmental conditions. These interactions are susceptible to the changes that occur along a successional gradient from vascular plant-dominated systems to Sphagnum moss-dominated systems. Changes similar to this succession are predicted to occur from climate change. Here, we investigated how microbial and plant communities are interlinked with each other and with ecosystem C cycling along a successional gradient on a boreal land uplift coast. The gradient ranged from shoreline to meadows…
Seasonal variability of radiation tide in Gulf of Riga
2020
Diurnal oscillations of water level in Gulf of Riga are considered. It was found that there is distinct daily pattern of diurnal oscillations in certain seasons. The role of sea breeze, gravitational tides and atmospheric pressure gradient are analysed. The interference of the first two effects provide the dominant role in diurnal oscillations. The effect of gravitational tides is described both with sole tidal forcing and also in real case with atmospheric forcing and stratification. The yearly variation of the declination of the Sun and stratification leads to seasonal intensification of gravitational tides in Gulf of Riga. Correlation between gravitational tide of the Sun with its radiat…
Danish language tests for adult migrants
2016
In 1999, a new law on Danish language education came into force. In this law, the final examinations in Danish were introduced and set under national governance, and the requirements were defined. Since then the tests in Danish for adult migrants have developed and there has been an ongoing revision of both the language education and tests offered. nonPeerReviewed
Modulational instability and generation of self-induced transparency solitons in resonant optical fibers
2009
International audience; We consider continuous-wave propagation through a fiber doped with two-level resonant atoms, which is described by a system of nonlinear Schrodinger-Maxwell-Bloch (NLS-MB) equations. We identify the modulational instability (MI) conditions required for the generation of ultrashort pulses, in cases of both anomalous and normal GVD (group-velocity dispersion). It is shown that the self-induced transparency (SIT) induces non-conventional MI sidebands. The main result is a prediction of the existence of both bright and dark SIT solitons in the anomalous and normal GVD regimes.
Design of the online PC farm for the high level trigger of the NA62 experiment at CERN
2012
We present a highly efficient data processing framework optimized for software based triggers of fixed-target HEP experiments with continuous data collection during burst time alternating with longer out-of-burst periods.
Differences in Life Expectancy Between Self-Employed Workers and Paid Employees when Retirement Pensioners: Evidence from Spanish Social Security Rec…
2021
The aim of this paper is to examine differences in life expectancy (LE) between self-employed (SE) and paid employee (PE) workers when they become retirement pensioners, looking at levels of pension income using administrative data from Spanish social security records. We draw on the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) to quantify changes in total life expectancy at age 65 (LE(65)) among retired men over the longest possible period covered by this data source: 2005–2018. These changes are broken down by pension regime and initial pension income level for three periods. The literature presents mixed evidence, even for the same country–for Japan and Italy, for example–with some studies …