Search results for "light"

showing 10 items of 3575 documents

Strong vacuum squeezing from bichromatically driven Kerrlike cavities: from optomechanics to superconducting circuits

2015

AbstractSqueezed light, displaying less fluctuation than vacuum in some observable, is key in the flourishing field of quantum technologies. Optical or microwave cavities containing a Kerr nonlinearity are known to potentially yield large levels of squeezing, which have been recently observed in optomechanics and nonlinear superconducting circuit platforms. Such Kerr-cavity squeezing however suffers from two fundamental drawbacks. First, optimal squeezing requires working close to turning points of a bistable cycle, which are highly unstable against noise thus rendering optimal squeezing inaccessible. Second, the light field has a macroscopic coherent component corresponding to the pump, ma…

SuperconductivityMultidisciplinaryField (physics)BistabilitySuperconducting circuitsComputer sciencePhysics::OpticsBioinformatics01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)Article010305 fluids & plasmasÒptica quànticaQuantum technologyQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsMicrowaveOptomechanicsLight fieldSqueezed coherent state
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Light-induced superconductivity

2016

Intense light pulses irradiating a sample of K3C60 result in dramatic changes of its high-frequency (terahertz) conductivity. Could these be signatures of fleeting superconductivity at 100 K and beyond?

SuperconductivityPhysicsCondensed matter physicsTerahertz radiation0103 physical sciencesLight inducedGeneral Physics and AstronomyConductivity010306 general physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNature Physics
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Solidification kinetics of hard-sphere colloidal suspensions

2007

We investigate the solidification dynamics of hard-sphere colloidal suspensions applying simultaneously small-angle and Bragg light scattering. These experiments allow a consistent picture of nucleation and crystal growth on the level of large-scale density fluctuations and of density fluctuations on the level of individual crystallites. We observe a temporally almost constant nucleation rate after an induction time that decreases with supersaturation. The classical expectation for the nucleation rate density as a function of supersaturation is in accordance with our data. We investigate the validity of the Wilson—Frenkel growth law for hard-sphere systems, which also fits our data satisfac…

SupersaturationOrders of magnitude (time)ChemistryChemical physicsNucleationMineralogyCrystal growthCrystalliteHard spheresLight scatteringOrder of magnitude
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Geometric Properties of the 3D Spine Curve

2003

Through a 3D reconstruction of the human back surface using structured light techniques, we study the properties of spine curve by means of a set of parameters related to measures commonly applied in medicine. In this way, descriptors for measuring the abnormalities in the projections of the front and sagittal planes can be computed. We build the spine curve in 3D and analyse the behaviour of the Frenet frame when along the curve the deformation processes in idiophatic scoliosis appear.

Surface (mathematics)Computer scienceFrenet–Serret formulas3D reconstructionGeometryImage processingScoliosisIterative reconstructionmedicine.diseaseSagittal planeHuman backmedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineStructured light
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Determination of the object surface function by structured light: application to the study of spinal deformities.

1999

The projection of structured light is a technique frequently used to determine the surface shape of an object. In this paper, a new procedure is described that efficiently resolves the correspondence between the knots of the projected grid and those obtained on the object when the projection is made. The method is based on the use of three images of the projected grid. In two of them the grid is projected over a flat surface placed, respectively, before and behind the object; both images are used for calibration. In the third image the grid is projected over the object. It is not reliant on accurate determination of the camera and projector pair relative to the grid and object. Once the met…

Surface (mathematics)LightComputer scienceClassification of discontinuitiesSpinal Curvatureslaw.inventionOpticslawReference ValuesPhotographyHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionProjection (set theory)Radiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingObject (computer science)GridSpineProjectorScoliosisCalibrationArtificial intelligenceSymmetry (geometry)businessStructured lightPhysics in medicine and biology
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Fashion versus perception: the impact of surface lightness on the perceived dimensions of interior space.

2011

Objectives: We compare expert opinion with perceptual judgment regarding the influence of color on the perceived height and width of interior rooms. Background: We hypothesize that contrary to popular belief, ceiling and wall lightness have additive effects on perceived height, whereas the lightness contrast between these surfaces is less important. We assessed the intuitions of architectural experts as to which surface colors maximize apparent height and compared these intuitions with psychophysical height and width estimates for rooms differing in ceiling, floor, and wall lightness. Method: Experiment 1 was a survey of architectural experts and nonexperts. Experiments 2 and 3 presented v…

Surface (mathematics)LightnessAdultMaleBrightnessVisual perceptionAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectColorHuman Factors and ErgonomicsCeiling (cloud)Behavioral NeuroscienceUser-Computer InterfaceYoung AdultPerceptionStatisticsArchitecturePsychophysicsPsychophysicsContrast (vision)HumansComputer visionApplied PsychologyLightingmedia_commonMathematicsbusiness.industryMiddle AgedVisual PerceptionFemaleArtificial intelligencebusinessInterior Design and FurnishingsHuman factors
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Disclosing the emissive surface traps in green-emitting carbon nanodots

2021

Abstract The bright photoluminescence of surface-functionalized carbon nanoparticles, known as carbon nanodots (CDs), has been studied for more than a decade because of its fundamental photo-physical interest and strong technological potential. However, the essential nature of the electronic states involved in their typical light emission remains very elusive. Here, we provide conclusive evidence that surface carboxylic moieties are the key to CD fluorescence. The synergy of nanosecond and femtosecond optical studies, cryogenic fluorescence, computational investigations and chemical engineering of a strategically chosen model CD system, allows to demonstrate that their visible-light transit…

Surface (mathematics)PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceCryogenic studieschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryNanosecond010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesFluorescenceFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesElectron transferchemistryChemical physicsFemtosecondFemtosecond spectroscopyCarbon dotsGeneral Materials ScienceLight emissionQuantum chemical calculations0210 nano-technologyCarbon
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Scanning from heating: 3D shape estimation of transparent objects from local surface heating.

2009

Today, with quality becoming increasingly important, each product requires three-dimensional in-line quality control. On the other hand, the 3D reconstruction of transparent objects is a very difficult problem in computer vision due to transparency and specularity of the surface. This paper proposes a new method, called Scanning From Heating (SFH), to determine the surface shape of transparent objects using laser surface heating and thermal imaging. Furthermore, the application to transparent glass is discussed and results on different surface shapes are presented.

Surface (mathematics)Quality ControlOptics and PhotonicsMaterials scienceHot TemperatureRadiationbusiness.industryInfrared RaysUltraviolet RaysLasers3D reconstructionOptical flowTransparency (human–computer interaction)Equipment DesignAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsT Technology (General)OpticsSpecularityThermographyAttenuation coefficientThermalImage Processing Computer-AssistedbusinessStructured lightOptics express
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Light source inner surface changes depending on treatment

2008

Our work is connected with the preparation of different type of electrodeless discharge lamps. In this work we investigate the influence of the SiO2 glass wall treatment procedures on the inner surface of the electrodeless lamps. Three different treatment procedures were applied: vacuum cleaning, vacuum-thermal cleaning and training in the high frequency discharge. The surface modification has been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy. Substantial changes of the SiO2 glass surface have been observed. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Surface (mathematics)Work (thermodynamics)Gas-discharge lampbusiness.industryAtomic force microscopyChemistryAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionLight sourcelawOptoelectronicsSurface modificationbusinessphysica status solidi c
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Theoretical and experimental evaluation of decypolyglucoside vesicles as potential drug delivery systems

2006

The aim of this work was to ascertain the capability of a commercial mixture of decylpolyglucoside (Orami.x NS10) to form vesicle structures in water, either alone or in association with cholesterol. To this purpose, we compared results obtained from a theoretical model with those acquired from the experimental characterization of different Orami.x NS10/cliolesterol mixtures. The germen vesicular formation theory was used to predict the formation process of vesicular structures. To this purpose, the energy balance involved in the vesicle formation was calculated using critical concentration for vesicle formation (ccf), surface tension and molecular area of decylpolyglucoside. The ccf was me…

Surface tensionPolarized light microscopyPulmonary surfactantDynamic light scatteringChemistryVesicleTensiometer (surface tension)Analytical chemistryPharmaceutical ScienceNiosomeDrug carrierJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
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