Search results for "liquid"

showing 10 items of 4351 documents

Prediction of ionic liquid's heat capacity by means of their in silico principal properties

2016

The in silico principal properties (PPs) of ionic liquids (ILs), derived by means of the VolSurf+ approach, were used to develop a Partial Least Squares (PLS) model able to find a quantitative correlation among IL descriptors (accounting for both cationic and anionic structural features) and heat capacity values, providing affordable predictions validated by experimental Cp measurements for an external set of ILs. In silico predictions allowed the selection of a limited number of structurally different ILs with similar Cp values, providing the possibility to select an optimal IL according to efficiency, as well as to environmental and economic sustainability. The present general procedure, …

Quantitative structure–activity relationshipHeat capacity010405 organic chemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringIn silicoPrincipal (computer security)Chemistry (all)General ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHeat capacityQuantitative correlation0104 chemical sciencesIonic liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundEconomic sustainabilitychemistryIonic liquids; QSPR; Heat capacityQSPRPartial least squares regressionIonic liquidChemical Engineering (all)Biological systemMathematics
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Measurement of the Soft-Drop Jet Mass in pp Collisions at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS Detector

2018

Jet substructure observables have significantly extended the search program for physics beyond the standard model at the Large Hadron Collider. The state-of-the-art tools have been motivated by the ...

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas detectorDrop (liquid)Physics beyond the Standard ModelHadronGeneral Physics and AstronomyObservable01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesSubstructureHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Measurement of the cross section for hard exclusive π0 muoproduction on the proton

2020

Physics letters / B B805, 135454 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135454

Quantum chromodynamics; Muoproduction; Hard exclusive meson production; Generalised Parton Distributions; COMPASSPhotongeneralized parton distributionProtonPartonmeasured [cross section]01 natural sciencesCOMPASSGeneralised Parton DistributionPhoton polarization[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear ExperimentQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Large Hadron ColliderCOMPASS; Generalised Parton Distributions; Hard exclusive meson production; Muoproduction; Quantum chromodynamicslcsh:QC1-999ddc:angular dependencebeam [muon]polarization [photon]Nuclear and High Energy Physicsexclusive reactionliquid: target [hydrogen]transverse [polarization]polarization: longitudinalinterferenceHard exclusive meson productionContext (language use)Muoproductionleptoproduction [pi0]530Nuclear physicspi0: leptoproductionGeneralised Parton Distributionshydrogen: liquid: target0103 physical sciencespolarization: transverseddc:530010306 general physicslongitudinal [polarization]010308 nuclear & particles physicsmuon: beamcross section: measuredphoton: polarizationHigh Energy Physics::Experimentlcsh:PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsexperimental results
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Density functional study of two-dimensionalHe4clusters

2005

Binding energies and density profiles of two-dimensional systems of liquid He-4 with different geometries are studied by means of a zero-range density functional adjusted to reproduce the line tension obtained in a previous diffusion Monte Carlo calculation (lambda_{DMC}=0.121 K/A). It is shown that this density functional provides accurate results for the binding energy of large clusters with a reasonable computational effort.

Quantum fluidOrbital-free density functional theoryBinding energyMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesLambdaHeli líquidMolecular physicsQuantum fluidsMètode de MontecarloLiquid heliumPhysicsLíquids quànticsFísicaTeoria del funcional de densitatCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterMonte Carlo methodDensity functional theoryPhysical chemistryDiffusion Monte CarloDensity functional theoryEnergy (signal processing)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Physical Review B
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Thermodynamic, dynamic and transport properties of quantum spin liquid in herbertsmithite from experimental and theoretical point of view

2019

In our review we focus on the quantum spin liquid, defining the thermodynamic, transport and relaxation properties of geometrically frustrated magnets (insulators) represented by herbertsmithite $\rm ZnCu_{3}(OH)_6Cl_2$.

Quantum phase transitionGeometrical frustrationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum state0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantum computerPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)quantum spin liquidsherbertsmithitetopological quantum phase transitions021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicslcsh:QC1-999Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsflat bandsengineeringQuasiparticleState of matterHerbertsmithiteCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum spin liquidfermion condensation0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)lcsh:Physics
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New state of matter: heavy-fermion systems, quantum spin liquids, quasicrystals, cold gases, and high temperature superconductors

2018

We report on a new state of matter manifested by strongly correlated Fermi systems including various heavy-fermion (HF) metals, two-dimensional quantum liquids such as $\rm ^3He$ films, certain quasicrystals, and systems behaving as quantum spin liquids. Generically, these systems can be viewed as HF systems or HF compounds, in that they exhibit typical behavior of HF metals. At zero temperature, such systems can experience a so-called fermion-condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT). Combining analytical considerations with arguments based entirely on experimental grounds we argue and demonstrate that the class of HF systems is characterized by universal scaling behavior of their ther…

Quantum phase transitionHigh-temperature superconductivityNon-Fermi liquid statesFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum phase transition01 natural sciencesNew state of matter010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionQuantum spin liquidsSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronslaw0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsQuantumSuperconductivityPhysicsFlat bandsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityFermi surfaceStrongly correlated electron systemsFermionCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsHeavy fermionsHigh-Tc superconductivityCold gasesState of matterStrongly correlated materialQuasicrystals
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Universal Behavior of Quantum Spin Liquid and Optical Conductivity in the Insulator Herbertsmithite

2018

We analyze optical conductivity with the goal to demonstrate experimental manifestation of a new state of matter, the so-called fermion condensate. Fermion condensates are realized in quantum spin liquids, exhibiting typical behavior of heavy fermion metals. Measurements of the low-frequency optical conductivity collected on the geometrically frustrated insulator herbertsmithite provide important experimental evidence of the nature of its quantum spin liquid composed of spinons. To analyze recent measurements of the herbertsmithite optical conductivity at different temperatures, we employ a model of strongly correlated quantum spin liquid located near the fermion condensation phase transiti…

Quantum phase transitionPhase transitionFOS: Physical sciencesOptical conductivityQuantum phase transitionengineering.material01 natural sciencesOptical conductivity010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum spin liquidsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsNon-Fermi-liquid states0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceStrongly correlated Fermi systems010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesFlat bandsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsFermionCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpinonengineeringState of matterHerbertsmithiteCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum spin liquidJournal of Low Temperature Physics
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Violation of the Time-Reversal and Particle-Hole Symmetries in Strongly Correlated Fermi Systems: A Review

2020

In this review, we consider the time reversal T and particle-antiparticle C symmetries that, being most fundamental, can be violated at microscopic level by a weak interaction. The notable example here is from condensed matter, where strongly correlated Fermi systems like heavy-fermion metals and high Tc superconductors exhibit C and T symmetries violation due to so-called non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior. In these systems, tunneling differential conductivity (or resistivity) is a very sensitive tool to experimentally test the above symmetry break. When a strongly correlated Fermi system turns out to be near the topological fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT), it exhibits t…

Quantum phase transitionPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectquantum phase transition; fermion condensation; tunneling conductivity; time-reversal symmetryWeak interaction01 natural sciencesAsymmetry010305 fluids & plasmastime-reversal symmetryBaryon asymmetry0103 physical sciencesComputer Science (miscellaneous)quantum phase transition010306 general physicstunneling conductivitymedia_commonPhysicsCondensed matter physicslcsh:MathematicsFermionlcsh:QA1-939Symmetry (physics)T-symmetryChemistry (miscellaneous)Computer Science::Programming LanguagesFermi liquid theoryfermion condensationSymmetry-Basel
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Quasi-one-dimensional quantum spin liquid in the $\rm {Cu(C_4H_4N_2)(NO_3)_2}$ insulator

2015

We analyze measurements of the magnetization, differential susceptibility and specific heat of quasi-one dimensional insulator Cu(C$_4$H$_4$N$_2$)(NO$_3$)$_2$ (CuPzN) subjected to magnetic fields. We show that the thermodynamic properties are defined by quantum spin liquid formed with spinons, with the magnetic field tuning the insulator CuPzN towards quantum critical point related to fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) at which the spinon effective mass diverges kinematically. We show that the FCQPT concept permits to reveal and explain the scaling behavior of thermodynamic characteristics. For the first time, we construct the schematic $T-H$ (temperature---magnetic field…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSpinon010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsMagnetizationEffective mass (solid-state physics)Quantum critical point0103 physical sciencesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum spin liquid010306 general physicsPhase diagram
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Magnetic-field-induced reentrance of Fermi-liquid behavior and spin-lattice relaxation rates in

2009

Abstract A strong departure from Landau–Fermi liquid (LFL) behavior have been recently revealed in observed anomalies in both the magnetic susceptibility χ and the muon and 63Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates 1 / T 1 of YbCu 5 − x Au x ( x = 0.6 ). We show that the above anomalies along with magnetic-field-induced reentrance of LFL properties are indeed determined by the dependence of the quasiparticle effective mass M ∗ on magnetic field B and temperature T and demonstrate that violations of the Korringa law also come from M ∗ ( B , T ) dependence. We obtain this dependence theoretically utilizing our approach based on fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) notion. Ou…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsMagnetoresistanceCondensed matter physicsSpin–lattice relaxationGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibility010305 fluids & plasmasEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleStrongly correlated materialFermi liquid theory010306 general physicsPhysics Letters A
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