Search results for "liquidity"
showing 10 items of 91 documents
The Relationship Between the Comprehensiveness of Corporate Annual Reports and Firm Characteristics in Spain
1994
Abstract Not much information exists in the international accounting literature on Spanish accounting. Spain is selected as a subject of study because it is different from those countries that are subjects of the research concerned with investigating the multivariate impact of firm characteristics on disclosure in annual reports and accounts. The conceptual model underlying our empirical tests is based on economic and political incentives for providing greater detail in corporate annual reports and accounts. The paper provides evidence that the amount of detail in Spanish corporate annual reports and accounts is increasing in firm size and stock exchange listing, and decreasing in liquidity.
The relationship between credit ratings and asset liquidity: Evidence from Western European banks
2020
This study examines the role of asset liquidity in Western European banks’ credit rating downgrades and upgrades over the 2005–2017 period. The results suggest that changes in bank credit ratings have been more favorable for banks that have a liquid asset portfolio. Furthermore, asset liquidity has a stronger effect on the credit rating of banks that already have an illiquid asset portfolio. In contrast, the effect is significantly smaller or nonexistent for the most liquid banks. These results imply that the new liquidity regulation introduced by the Basel III requirements will improve the stability and hence decrease the fragility of the European banking sector. Furthermore, the benefits …
The information content of Eonia swap rates before and during the financial crisis
2013
Abstract Before August 2007, implied forward rates in the overnight interest swap rates closely reflected market expectations about the future path of the Eonia, and therefore, about the future course of the ECB’s monetary policy stance. Nevertheless, this link was weakened considerably during the most acute episode of the financial crisis. Using the expectations hypothesis of the term structure as a benchmark model for the determination of the overnight interest swap rates, we find that after May 2010 the monetary transmission mechanism was partially restored when the ECB implemented various ‘unconventional measures’ in response to the financial crisis. On the contrary, liquidity and credi…
The effect of the launch of bitcoin futures on the cryptocurrency market: an economic efficiency approach
2021
We analyze the economic efficiency of the cryptocurrency market after the launch of Bitcoin futures by means of the Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Indexes. Our results show that the introduction of Bitcoin futures did not affect the economic efficiency of the cryptocurrency market. However, we observe that Bitcoin obtained the highest risk-return trade-off due to its liquidity compared to the rest of cryptocurrencies. Therefore, our paper underlines the support of investors on Bitcoin to the detriment of the rest of cryptocurrencies.
The grain market, short-term credit, and economic inequality in the Kingdom of Valencia. The towns of Cocentaina, and Castellón in the Fifteenth-Cent…
2018
Despite the predominance of small peasant farms in the Valencian countryside in the Late Middle Ages, large sections of the peasantry were forced to turn to the market to obtain cereals for consumption and sowing. Insufficient land and lack of liquidity caused by the seasonal cycle of crops made it necessary to use short-term credit, which was recorded in the court of local justice in the legal form of “obligacions”. The aim of this paper is to analyse the economic role of this credit market, identifying varieties of commercialised cereals, seasonality of purchases and payments, price trends and the socio-professional background of buyers (debtors) and sellers (creditors). Thus, we study ho…
Economic value, competition and financial distress in the european banking system
2012
Abstract In this paper we examine the impact of a large number of factors at the bank level (liquidity and credit risks, asset size, income diversification and market power), at the industry level (banking concentration) and macro-level (real GDP growth) on bank financial distress using an unbalanced panel of 308 European commercial banks between 1996 and 2009. The observations falling below a given threshold of the empirical distribution of the Shareholder Value Ratio proxy bank financial distress. We employ a panel probit regression and, given the presence of overlapping data giving rise to residual autocorrelation, we use the Bertschek and Lechner (1998) robust estimator of the covarianc…
Goodwill and Criteria for its Recognition in Financial Statements
2004
The article summarises a research on goodwill which is one of the most controversial assets. The research includes a comparison between the descriptions of the economic nature of goodwill and an analysis of various valuation methods and accounting policies. The article discusses the internationally recognised problem that there coexist several accepted methods of accounting for goodwill arising from the acquisition of an enterprise, as a result of which the accountancy data of different enterprises and countries are incomparable.
Financial Fragility and Interacting Units: an Exercise
2010
This paper assumes that financial fluctuations are the result of the dynamic interaction between liquidity and solvency conditions of individual financial units. The framework is designed as a heterogeneous agent model which proceeds through discrete time steps within a finite time horizon. The interaction at the microlevel between financial units and the market maker, who is in charge of clearing the market, produces interesting complex dynamics. The model is analyzed by means of numerical simulations and agent-based computational economics (ACE) approach. The behaviour and evolution of financial units are studied for different parameter regimes in order to show the importance of the param…
Illiquidity Risk and the Long-Run Underperformance of Seasoned Equity Issues in the Spanish Market
2008
This paper presents new evidence on potential risk-based explanations for the low SEO returns in the year after the issue. Specifically, we analyse whether the issue leads to a long-term higher stock liquidity that implies that SEO stocks have lower expected return due to lower exposure to liquidity risk factor. Therefore, we investigate if Spanish SEO firms experience significant changes in long-term liquidity after the issue. Results suggest that SEO-firm liquidity increases significantly in the year after the issue. Finally, we explore the post-performance of SEO firms explicitly accounting for liquidity risk. In particular, we employ the three factor model by Fama and French (1993) exte…
Pankin pääomarakenne ja varainhankinta nykyisessä ja tulevassa pankkisääntelyssä
2017
Tämä tutkielma kokoaa yhteen pankkeja nykyisin velvoittavat pääomien määrään ja maksuvalmiuteen sekä rahoitukseen liittyvät sääntelyt. Tutkielman tavoitteena on saada vastaus kysymykseen: Miten pankin tulee huomioida pankkisääntely pääoman ja varainhankinnan rakenteessaan? Tutkielman alussa esitellään pankkitoimintaa yleisesti ja siihen liittyviä optimointiongelmia. Pankkien kannalta optimaalinen pääomarakenne poikkeaa sosiaalisesti optimaalisesta ja tätä varten pankkisääntelyä tarvitaan. Optimaalisimman tason määrittely on haastavaa, mutta sen on arvioitu olevan 15-20 % tasolla. Pääomarakenteella on vaikutusta pankin tuottavuuteen ja menestymisen mahdollisuuksiin. Pankkeja voidaan säännell…