Search results for "liver neoplasm"
showing 10 items of 740 documents
Fighting the bushfire in HCC trials
2011
Snapshot liver transcriptome in hepatocellular carcinoma
2012
Lately, advances in high throughput technologies in biomedical research have led to a dramatic increase in the accessibility of molecular insights at different levels of cancer biology such as genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and others. Among the diverse biological layers, the transcriptome has been most extensively studied especially due to the successful and broad introduction of the microarray technology. The future prospect of broad disposability of deep sequencing technology will furthermore lead to a more sensitive detection of lowly expressed transcripts and to an increase in the number of newly identified transcripts, but also to increase the discovery and characterizati…
[68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.FAPi PET/CT: Specific Tracer-uptake in Focal Nodular Hyperplasia and potential Role in Liver Tumor Imaging.
2020
Causes of and prevention strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.
2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging malignancy of global importance. It is associated with a high rate of mortality and its prevalence in the United States and in Western Europe is increasing. Cirrhosis is the strongest and the most common known risk factor for HCC, usually due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. However, different lines of evidence identify in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) a possible relevant risk factor for occurrence of HCC. Given the continuing increase in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes, the incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related HCC may also be expected to increase, and a potential role of behav…
Curcumin effectively inhibits oncogenic NF-κB signaling and restrains stemness features in liver cancer
2015
Background & Aims The cancer stem cells (CSCs) have important therapeutic implications for multi-resistant cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among the key pathways frequently activated in liver CSCs is NF-κB signaling. Methods We evaluated the CSCs-depleting potential of NF-κB inhibition in liver cancer achieved by the IKK inhibitor curcumin, RNAi and specific peptide SN50. The effects on CSCs were assessed by analysis of side population (SP), sphere formation and tumorigenicity. Molecular changes were determined by RT-qPCR, global gene expression microarray, EMSA, and Western blotting. Results HCC cell lines exposed to curcumin exhibited differential responses to curcumin a…
Enhanced oxidative stress and increased mitochondrial mass during Efavirenz-induced apoptosis in human hepatic cells
2010
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Efavirenz (EFV) is widely used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Though highly efficient, there is growing concern about EFV-related side effects, the molecular basis of which remains elusive. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vitro studies were performed to address the effect of clinically relevant concentrations of EFV (10, 25 and 50 mu M) on human hepatic cells. KEY RESULTS Cellular proliferation and viability were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. Analyses of the cell cycle and several cell death parameters (chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine exteriorization, mitochondrial proapoptotic protein translocation and caspase activation) revealed that EFV tr…
T cells engineered to express a T-cell receptor specific for glypican-3 to recognize and kill hepatoma cells in vitro and in mice
2015
Background & Aims Cancer therapies are being developed based on our ability to direct T cells against tumor antigens. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is expressed by 75% of all hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), but not in healthy liver tissue or other organs. We aimed to generate T cells with GPC3-specific receptors that recognize HCC and used them to eliminate GPC3-expressing xenograft tumors grown from human HCC cells in mice. Methods We used mass spectrometry to obtain a comprehensive peptidome from GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells after immune-affinity purification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and bioinformatics to identify immunodominant peptides. To circumvent GPC3 tolerance resulting from feta…
The histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid sensitizes human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by TRAIL…
2009
Abstract This paper shows that the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA sensitised at sub-toxic doses human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2, Hep3B and SK-Hep1) to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, while it was ineffective in primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). In particular in HCC cells SAHA increased the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5) and caused a decrement of c-Flip. These two modifications provoked in the presence of TRAIL the rapid production of TRAIL-DISC and the activation of caspase-8. Consequently SAHA/TRAIL combination induced many apoptotic events, such as a cleavage of Bid into tBid, dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase-3 with the consequent cleav…
The Global Reading Room: Imaging Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2022
Entrapment of an EGFR inhibitor into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) improves its antitumor activity against human hepatocarcinoma cells
2014
Background: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), different signaling pathways are de-regulated, and among them, the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Tyrphostin AG-1478 is a lipophilic low molecular weight inhibitor of EGFR, preferentially acting on liver tumor cells. In order to overcome its poor drug solubility and thus improving its anticancer activity, it was entrapped into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) by using safe ingredients for parenteral delivery. Results: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) carrying tyrphostin AG-1478 were prepared by using the nanoprecipitation method and different matrix compositions. The best system in terms of mean size, PDI, zeta…