Search results for "liver neoplasm"
showing 10 items of 740 documents
The stable repression of mesenchymal program is required for hepatocyte identity: A novel role for hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α
2011
The concept that cellular terminal differentiation is stably maintained once development is complete has been questioned by numerous observations showing that differentiated epithelium may undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. EMT and the reverse process, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), are typical events of development, tissue repair, and tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypic conversions in hepatocytes. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) was overexpressed in different hepatocyte cell lines and the resulting gene expression profile was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase…
TGFβ-induced EMT requires focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling
2007
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial process, occurring both during development and tumor progression, by which an epithelial cell undergoes a conversion to a mesenchymal phenotype, dissociates from initial contacts and migrates to secondary sites. We recently reported that in hepatocytes the multifunctional cytokine TGFβ induces a full EMT characterized by (i) Snail induction, (ii) E-cadherin delocalization and down-regulation, (iii) down-regulation of the hepatocyte transcriptional factor HNF4α and (iv) up-regulation of mesenchymal and invasiveness markers. In particular, we showed that Snail directly causes the transcriptional down-regulation of E-cadherin and HN…
Comparative toxicity and cell-tissue distribution study on nanoparticular iron complexes using avian embryos and HepG2-cells
2007
In this study the toxicity and intracellular availability of iron from iron dextran (FeD), iron sucrose (FeS), and iron gluconate (FeG) was compared in organs of avian (turkey) embryos and in isolated cells (HepG2) in cell culture. Iron uptake was more pronounced in embryonic liver than in renal tissue. Cellular iron uptake in liver and kidney was more or less similar for the different compounds. Only some experiments showed slightly greater iron concentrations in liver and kidney with FeG compared with FeD and FeS. Significant differences were found in the survival ratios of the eggs and the embryo weights depending on the type of iron complex administered. The rank order of toxicities was…
Uncommon evolutions and complications of common benign liver lesions
2018
International audience; Frequently encountered on abdominal imaging studies, the majority of common benign liver lesions are asymptomatic, confidently diagnosed by imaging, and do not require further workup, follow-up, or treatment. The increasing use of multimodality liver imaging, has allowed the recognition of uncommon evolutions of common benign liver lesions such as size changes, fibrotic regression, and content and vascularization changes, and their complications such as rupture, hemorrhage, thrombosis, extrinsic compression, and malignancy. The purpose of this pictorial review is to describe and illustrate the incidence and diagnostic features of these uncommon evolutions and complic…
Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Implications for Liver Transplantation.
2018
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the global adult population with a range of 13.5% in Africa and 31.8% in the Middle East. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with a constellation of metabolic comorbidities which include: obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesteremia. In fact, the increasing number of metabolic comorbidities not only increases the prevalence of NAFLD but also places patients at higher risk for progressive liver disease. As such, NAFLD is presently among the top etiologies for hepatocellular carcinoma and an indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. Therefore, the following recommendati…
Infrequent promoter methylation of the MGMT gene in liver metastases from uveal melanoma.
2008
Uveal melanoma is associated with a high mortality rate once metastases occur, with over >90% of metastatic patients dying within less than 1 year from metastases to the liver. The intraarterial hepatic (iah) administration of the alkylating agent fotemustine holds some promise with response rates of 36% and median survival of 15 months. Here, we investigated whether the DNA-repair-protein MGMT may be involved in the variability of response to fotemustine and temozolomide in uveal melanoma. Epigenetic inactivation of MGMT has been demonstrated to be a predictive marker for benefit from alkylating agent therapy in glioblastoma. We found a methylated MGMT promoter in 6% of liver metastases fr…
Liver specific overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor-B accelerates liver cancer development in chemically induced liver carcinogenesis
2010
A genetic basis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been well-established and major signaling pathways, such as p53, Wnt-signaling, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and Ras pathways, have been identified to be essential to HCC development. Lately, the family of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) has shifted to the center of interest. We have reported on spontaneously developing liver fibrosis in PDGF-B transgenic mice. Since HCC rarely occurs in healthy liver, but dramatically increases at the cirrhosis stage of which liver fibrosis is a preliminary stage, we investigated liver cancer development in chemically induced liver carcinogenesis in these mice. HCC induction was performe…
Formation of pre-neoplastic hepatocellular foci by vinyl fluoride in newborn rats
1981
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Natural History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2002
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is increasing in many countries. The estimated number of new cases annually is over 500,000, and the yearly incidence comprises between 2.5 and 7% of patients with liver cirrhosis. The incidence varies between different geographic areas, being higher in developing areas; males are predominantly affected, with a 2:3 male/female ratio. The heterogeneous geographic distribution reflects the epidemiologic impact of the main etiologic factors and environmental risk, which are the hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. The percentage of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to HBV worldwide is 52.3% and is higher in Asia where the serop…