Search results for "load"

showing 10 items of 1967 documents

Different food sources elicit fast changes to bacterial virulence

2016

Environmentally transmitted, opportunistic bacterial pathogens have a life cycle that alternates between hosts and environmental reservoirs. Resources are often scarce and fluctuating in the outside-host environment, whereas overcoming the host immune system could allow pathogens to establish a new, resource abundant and stable niche within the host. We tested if short-term exposure to different outside-host resource types and concentrations affect Serratia marcescens —(bacterium)'s virulence in Galleria mellonella (moth). As expected, virulence was mostly dictated by the bacterial dose, but we also found a clear increase in virulence when the bacterium had inhabited a low (versus high) re…

0301 basic medicine030106 microbiologyNicheAdaptation BiologicalVirulenceEnvironmentMothsSerratiaMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesAnimalsPathogenSerratia marcescensEvolutionary BiologyLife Cycle StagesVirulencebiologyHost (biology)fungita1183Outbreakbiology.organism_classificationAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Bacterial LoadGalleria mellonellaeutrophicationLarvaplasticityHost-Pathogen Interactionsta1181General Agricultural and Biological SciencesresourcesBacteriavirulence pathogenBiology Letters
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Urban upbringing and childhood respiratory and allergic conditions: A multi-country holistic study

2018

Objective: We integratively assessed the effect of different indoor and outdoor environmental exposures early in life on respiratory and allergic health conditions among children from (sub-) urban areas. Methods: This study included children participating in four ongoing European birth cohorts located in three different geographical regions: INMA (Spain), LISAplus (Germany), GINIplus (Germany) and BAMSE (Sweden). Wheezing, bronchitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis throughout childhood were assessed using parental-completed questionnaires. We designed “environmental scores” corresponding to different indoor, green- and grey-related exposures (main analysis, a-priori-approach). Cohort-specific…

0301 basic medicine05 Environmental SciencesIndoor exposureFirst year of lifeMicrobial loadToxicologyBiochemistryGrey spaceAllergic rhinitis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGermanyEnvironmental healthmedicineHumansRespiratory systemChildRespiratory SoundsGeneral Environmental ScienceAsthmaSwedenGreen space2. Zero hungerbusiness.industryEnvironmental ExposureOdds ratio06 Biological Sciencesmedicine.diseaseRhinitis AllergicAsthmaConfidence intervalConfirmatory factor analysis3. Good health030104 developmental biology030228 respiratory systemSpainBronchitisEnvironmental Pollutants03 Chemical SciencesbusinessAllergic Rhinitis ; Asthma ; Green Space ; Grey Space ; Indoor Exposure ; Microbial LoadMulti countryEnvironmental Research
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Hepatitis delta virus infection in a large cohort of chronic hepatitis B patients in Ethiopia.

2017

Background Hepatitis D Virus (HDV)-infection is associated with a more severe outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB); however, little is known about the presence of HDV in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HDV-infection, as well as its clinical, biological and virological characteristics, in a large CHB cohort in Ethiopia. Methods In total, 1267 HIV-negative CHB patients at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa were screened for anti-HDV antibodies using ELISA assays. Confirmed positive samples were further tested for HDV RNA using a consensus commercial real-time RT-PCR assay. HDV genotypes were also determined for RNA positive …

0301 basic medicineAdultLiver CirrhosisMaleCirrhosisAdolescentvirusesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionVirusSerologyCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineHepatitis B ChronicInterquartile rangeGenotypeMedicineHumansHepatitis AntibodiesPhylogenyHepatologybusiness.industryCoinfectionvirus diseasesbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionMiddle AgedViral Loadmedicine.diseaseVirologyHepatitis D030104 developmental biologyLogistic ModelsCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleHepatitis D virusEthiopiaHepatitis Delta VirusbusinessViral loadLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
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Dynamics of Torque Teno virus plasma DNAemia in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients

2017

Abstract Background Torque Teno virus (TTV) plasma DNA load directly correlate with the level of immunosuppresion in different clinical settings. It is uncertain whether this may be the case in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (allo-HSCT). Objectives We characterized the dynamics of TTV DNAemia in patients undergoing T-cell replete allo-SCT. Study design Retrospective single-center observational study including 72 allo-HSCT patients. Plasma TTV DNA loads were quantified before initiating the conditioning regimen and at different time-points after transplant by real-time PCR. White blood cells (WBC) and absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) were measured by flow cytometry.…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleHomologousTorque teno virusAdolescentLymphocyteAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT); Immune reconstitution; Torque Teno virus (TTV); TTV DNAemia; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; DNA Virus Infections; DNA Viral; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Torque teno virus; Transplantation Homologous; Viral Load; Viremia; Young Adult; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Virology; Infectious Diseases030106 microbiologyTTV DNAemiaFlow cytometry03 medical and health sciencesImmunocompromised HostLeukocyte CountYoung AdultVirologyMedicineTransplantation HomologousHumansIn patientViralViremiaProspective cohort studyAgedRetrospective StudiesTorque teno virusTransplantationmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationDNAImmune reconstitutionMiddle AgedViral LoadDNA Virus Infectionssurgical procedures operative030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureInfectious DiseasesAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT); Immune reconstitution; Torque Teno virus (TTV); TTV DNAemia; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; DNA Virus Infections; DNA; Viral; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Torque teno virus; Transplantation; Homologous; Viral Load; Viremia; Young Adult; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Virology; Infectious DiseasesImmunologyDNA ViralAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT)FemaleAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantStem cellImmunocompetencebusinessTorque Teno virus (TTV)
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Heart rate acceleration at relative workloads during treadmill and overground running for tracking exercise performance during functional overreaching

2020

AbstractMaximal rate of heart rate (HR) increase (rHRI) as a measure of HR acceleration during the transition from rest to exercise, or during an increase in workload, tracks exercise performance. rHRI assessed at relative rather than absolute workloads may track performance better, and a field test would increase applicability. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of rHRI assessed at individualised relative workloads during treadmill and overground running for tracking exercise performance. Treadmill running performance (5 km time trial; 5TTT) and rHRI were assessed in 11 male runners following 1 week of light training (LT), 2 weeks of heavy training (HT) and a 10-day tap…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtysykekestävyysharjoittelulcsh:MedicineField testsWorkloadAthletic PerformanceArticleRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTime trialTreadmill runningHeart RateInternal medicineylikuntoExercise performanceHeart rateMedicineHumansTreadmilllcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryExercise Tolerancebusiness.industrylcsh:Rautonomic nervous systemheart rate variabilitytype I syndactylyMiddle AgedOverreachingCardiovascular biologyharjoitusvasteCirculation030104 developmental biologyHeart rate accelerationCardiologyExercise Testlcsh:Qbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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FAST: a randomised phase II study of zolbetuximab (IMAB362) plus EOX versus EOX alone for first-line treatment of advanced CLDN18.2-positive gastric …

2021

Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is contained within normal gastric mucosa epithelial tight junctions; upon malignant transformation, CLDN18.2 epitopes become exposed. Zolbetuximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, mediates specific killing of CLDN18.2-positive cells through immune effector mechanisms.The FAST study enrolled advanced gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction and oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients (aged ≥18 years) with moderate-to-strong CLDN18.2 expression in ≥40% tumour cells. Patients received first-line epirubicin + oxaliplatin + capecitabine (EOX, arm 1, n = 84) every 3 weeks (Q3W), or zolbetuximab + EOX (loading dose, 800 mg/mIn the overall population, both PFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0…

0301 basic medicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEsophageal NeoplasmsPopulationMedizinPhases of clinical researchAdenocarcinomaGastroenterologyLoading doseCapecitabine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineClinical endpointHumanseducationCapecitabineeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryHazard ratioAntibodies MonoclonalHematologyOxaliplatin030104 developmental biologyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisClaudinsEsophagogastric Junctionbusinessmedicine.drugEpirubicinAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
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Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

2018

PubMed: 29599078

0301 basic medicineBIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences.HBsAgPediatricsDelphi TechniqueInfectious Disease TransmissionCHRONIC HBV INFECTION ; NATURAL-HISTORY ; FOLLOW-UP ; HBSAG ; CARRIERS ; AGE ; COUNTRIES ; DISEASE ; ANTIGEN ; COHORTddc:616.07Global Healthmedicine.disease_causeDISEASE0302 clinical medicinePrevalenceHBVChildddc:616Antiviral Agents/therapeutic useeducation.field_of_studyBIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti.Chronic/drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmissionGastroenterologyHepatitis B Surface Antigens/bloodHepatitis BCARRIERSHepatitis B10219 Clinic for Gastroenterology and HepatologyChild Preschool030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyViral hepatitisViral loadCOUNTRIESAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B vaccineANTIGENPopulation610 Medicine & healthAntiviral AgentsMass VaccinationHepatology; Gastroenterology03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicHBSAGAGESDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmedicineHumansCOHORT2715 GastroenterologyPreschooleducationDisease burdenHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryViral VaccinesNATURAL-HISTORYmedicine.diseaseInfectious Disease Transmission VerticalCHRONIC HBV INFECTIONVertical/prevention & control030104 developmental biology2721 HepatologyHuman medicineFOLLOW-UPbusiness
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CellMap visualizes protein-protein interactions and subcellular localization

2018

Many tools visualize protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The tool introduced here, CellMap, adds one crucial novelty by visualizing PPI networks in the context of subcellular localization, i.e. the location in the cell or cellular component in which a PPI happens. Users can upload images of cells and define areas of interest against which PPIs for selected proteins are displayed (by default on a cartoon of a cell). Annotations of localization are provided by the user or through our in-house database. The visualizer and server are written in JavaScript, making CellMap easy to customize and to extend by researchers and developers.

0301 basic medicineBioinformaticssubcellular locationContext (language use)BiologyJavaScriptGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyChemical Biology of the CellProtein–protein interactionprotein-protein interaction03 medical and health sciencesUploadHuman–computer interactionGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticscomputer.programming_languagebiological visualization030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologySoftware Tool ArticleNoveltyArticlesGeneral MedicineSubcellular localizationddc:ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION030104 developmental biologyNeurosciencecomputerF1000Research
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Efficacy and safety of human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

AbstractThe prophylactic vaccines available to protect against infections by HPV are well tolerated and highly immunogenic. People with HIV have a higher risk of developing HPV infection and HPV-associated cancers due to a lower immune response, and due to viral interactions. We performed a systematic review of RCTs to assess HPV vaccines efficacy and safety on HIV-infected people compared to placebo or no intervention in terms of seroconversion, infections, neoplasms, adverse events, CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load. The vaccine-group showed a seroconversion rate close to 100% for each vaccine and a significantly higher level of antibodies against HPV vaccine types, as compared to the …

0301 basic medicineCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleDisease preventionHIV InfectionsAdolescent Adult Antibodies Viral CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Female HIV Infections Humans Male Papillomavirus Infections Papillomavirus Vaccines Public Health Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Treatment Outcome Viral Load Virus Shedding Young Adult Patient SafetySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataAntibodies Viral0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineViralRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPublic healthMultidisciplinaryQHPV infectionRViral LoadAdolescent; Adult; Antibodies Viral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Virus Shedding; Young Adult; Patient SafetyVirus SheddingTreatment OutcomeMedicineFemalePublic HealthPatient SafetyViral loadAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentScienceHPV vaccinesPlaceboAntibodiesArticle03 medical and health sciencesPapillomavirus VaccinesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesSeroconversionViral sheddingAdverse effectbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHealth caremedicine.diseaseCD4 Lymphocyte Count030104 developmental biologybusinessScientific Reports
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Survival analyses from a randomized trial of primary debulking surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer with hi…

2018

5516Background: Previous randomized multicenter trials determined that neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was non-inferior to primary debulking surgery (PDS) for both progression-free (PFS) and overal...

0301 basic medicineCancer ResearchChemotherapymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentfood and beveragesDebulkinglaw.inventionSurgery03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineOncologyRandomized controlled triallaw030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicineEpithelial ovarian cancerbusinessTumor LoadJournal of Clinical Oncology
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