Search results for "loan"
showing 10 items of 122 documents
Do Female Loan Officers Mitigate Social-Financial Trade-Offs in Microfinance?
2021
This paper revisits social-financial trade-offs in microfinance. We theorize that workforce diversity mitigates the divergence between social and financial performance levels. We test our prediction by performing fixed-effects generalised least squares regressions on a global sample of 1257 microfinance institutions (MFIs) in 107 countries over the period 2010–2018. Confirming our prediction, the empirical results show that the proportion of female loan officers attenuates the negative relationship between the social performance and the financial performance of MFIs. We attribute our findings to the personal characteristics of female loan officers and the high repayment rates of loans that …
Les hispanismes en français et en tchèque contemporain : une étude comparative
2023
The Spanish language, which is spoken by 463 million native speakers around the world, represents a major source of loan-words. The vast majority of loan-words from Spanish come from previous centuries when Spanish shone as a language of international communication, which is not the case to¬day. However, Spanish left an important linguistic heritage and its traces can be seen in French as well as in Czech today. Our study carries out in a comparative manner and its objective is to analyze the Hispanisms that have entered the French and Czech languages. After having established a corpus of Hispanisms that are present in both languages, we have divided them into four categories: words related…
Il credito alle imprese nell’attuale congiuntura economico-finanziaria: dinamiche di mercato e scelte organizzative bancarie
2014
This paper aims to examine the underlying causes of the sharp reduction in bank lending, which in turn is highlighting some structural weaknesses of Italian firms and financial system. The structure of this paper is as follows. Section 1 introduces the paper. Section 2 analyzes some drivers of the bank loans market in the current financial crisis. Section 3 examines the increasing role of standardized bank lending practices that have enlarged the organizational and strategic differences between transaction-based lending and relationship-based lending. Section 4 concludes.
The Cyclicality of Bank Credit Losses and Capital Ratios under Expected Loss Model
2023
We model the evolution of stylised bank loan portfolios to assess the impact of IFRS 9 and US GAAP expected loss model (ECL) on the cyclicality of loan loss provisions (LLPs), realised losses and capital ratios of banks, relative to the incurred loss model of IAS 39. We focus on the interaction between the changes in LLPs charges (the flow channel) and stocks (the stock channel) under ECL. Our results show that, when GDP growth doesn’t demonstrate high volatility, ECL model smooths the impact of credit losses on profits and capital resources, reducing the pro-cyclicality of capital and leverage ratios, especially under US GAAP. However, when GDP growth is highly volatile, the large differen…
CLUSTER IMPACT ON COMPANY CREDITWORTHINESS: CASE OF LATVIA
2013
One of the leading driving forces of every state economy is small and medium enterprises (SME). In Latvia, SME accounts for 99.7% of the national industrial system, creating 70% of the national’ value added. The lack of sufficient capital and credit is often a major problem for the development of SME, particularly in their early growth stages. The main criterion and quality indicator of credit risk assessment is the borrower’s creditworthiness. Before issuing a loan, the checking of the borrower’s credibility and solvency is carried out. The assessment of the borrowers’ ability to pay, their creditworthiness at a definite moment must be connected with the ability to meet their liabilities i…
Data analytics in banks' audit: The case of loan loss provisions in Uruguay
2016
Abstract The purpose of this study is two-fold: firstly, to analyze the benefits of implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and using eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) format to report in the banking industry considering the industry's specific risks and complexities. Secondly, to show that both, ERP and XBRL are necessary to successfully use Computer Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs) while performing audit procedures to verify the compliance of certain crucial regulatory requirements. The study shows the possible consequences of not using CAATs to audit the compliance of loan loss provisions' regulatory requirements in Uruguay.
Measuring microfinance performance
2015
MFIs are measured according to two dimensions. One is their outreach to poor people, that is, their ability to provide poor families access to financial services. This is the MFIs’ social mission. The other dimension is their financial sustainability, that is, their ability to pay their employees, lenders, and other suppliers, in short, their ability to produce a profit from their operations. We set out the main microfinance measures and confirm earlier findings that profitability is rather weak in microfinance, and that operational costs constitute a large part of the total costs. We argue that researchers should put more efforts into identifying the MFI’s cost drivers because social outre…
The Institution of Security Agent: A Comparative Study of Polish and French Laws
2022
In many continental legal systems it was often problematic to grant a security right to an entity separate from the holder(s) of the secured receivables. Such arrangement was especially desired by the parties in complex lending structures with many creditors. To solve this problem various legal solutions have been created in different countries. In Poland and in France the special institution of a security agent has been introduced. Aim of this article is to compare those two regulations. The conclusion is that the French provisions better deals with the challenges posed by the entity separation problem. Security agent, collective security arrangements, entity separation, unity principle, s…
Local banks and credit: from crisis to the new regulatory proposals for the development of lending policies in favour of the real economy
2014
Comparing the credit cooperative banks (CCBs) and banking groups operating in Italy, descriptive analyses show that the CCBs, unlike large banks, despite the economic downturn, have continued to extend credit to customers, but at the cost of a higher incidence of bad credit. This increased credit risk of local banks has been caused by management policy choices, such as the preference to modify the conditions applicable to credit supply and to engage firms in long-term credit relationships rather than initiate credit recovery procedures. An empirical analysis shows that this risk has also been caused by a higher incidence of environmental factors such as the spread of situations of crime and…
Przejawy finansyzacji na rynku kredytów dla MSP
2016
Małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa (MSP) odgrywają od lat kluczową rolę w gospodarkach poszczególnych państw i regionów. Stanowią ponad 99% przedsiębiorstw niefinansowych. O ich doniosłym znaczeniu świadczy nie tylko dominująca pozycja pod względem liczby podmiotów, ale również udział w kreowaniu miejsc pracy czy dochodu narodowego. Kluczowym czynnikiem siły i sukcesu MSP jest dostęp do środków finansowych. Badania wskazują, że MSP napotykają większe trudności niż duże firmy w dostępie do źródeł finansowania. W finansowanie swojej działalności, zwłaszcza rozwojowej, MSP angażują mniej środków finansowych pochodzenia zewnętrznego, szczególnie bankowego. Problematykę tę uznać należy za istotną d…