Search results for "longitudinal"

A longitudinal study of perturbations on gut microbiota of Blattella germanica due to periodic antibiotic treatment

2023

En la naturaleza, la simbiosis es un fenómeno generalizado. Podemos definirla como la interacción biológica estrecha y a largo plazo entre dos o más especies. Aunque la mayoría de las relaciones simbióticas más icónicas suelen ser entre eucariotas, también existen simbiosis que incluyen eucariotas, bacterias y arqueas. Esta tesis se centra principalmente en la simbiosis entre insectos, en concreto, la cucaracha Blattella germanica y su microbiota intestinal. En este tipo de relaciones, los insectos suelen adquirir la capacidad de subsistir alimentándose de dietas pobres en nutrientes gracias al metabolismo procariótico de su microbiota intestinal, y ,a cambio, las bacterias obtienen protecc…

The Developmental Dynamics between Interest, Self-concept of Ability, and Academic Performance

2014

Abstract. Only a few studies have examined the direction of associations between academic achievement, interest, and sel f-concept of ability simultaneously by using longitudinal data over several school years. To exam ine the cross-lagged relationships between students’ interest, self-concept of ability, and performance in mathematics and reading, longitudinal data from Grade 1 to Grade 7 of comprehensive school was gathered from 216 students. The results showed that, in both reading and math, performance predicted students’ subsequent self-concept of ability. Some evidence was also found that math performance predicts subsequent interest in mathematics, and that self- concept of math abil…

School-aged reading skills of children with family history of dyslexia : predictors, development and outcome

2017

In this research I focused on reading skill development in school-age children with family history of dyslexia. I was interested in the effects of children’s cognitive skills (language, phonological awareness, rapid serial naming, verbal short term memory, and letter knowledge), and gender in addition to family risk for dyslexia as predictors of children’s reading development. In addition, I examined whether shared reading with parents, time spent reading alone, or task-focused behaviour could serve as potential protective factors against reading disability. One of my aims was to find out whether there exist subgroups of children who have different developmental trajectories, and to charact…

Executive function and life-space mobility in old age

2018

Life-space assessment incorporates all movements in terms of the distance from home, the frequency of movement and the need of assistance for movement. Executive function (EF) is an important higher order cognitive ability that controls and guides people’s goal-directed actions. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between EF and life-space mobility, and investigated if perceived walking difficulties, lower extremity performance, and transportation difficulties explain the association. Methods 157 community-dwelling persons aged 76–91 years participated in the study at the baseline, and 103 of them in 2-year follow-up study. Based on the distribution on the Trail Ma…

Longitudinal research into purpose in life in outstanding Polish actors

2017

Badania podłużne w obszarze osobowości i aksjologii mają za zadanie stwierdzać jakie różnice, podobieństwa i zmiany zaszły w tych obszarach. Artykuł podejmuje temat charakteru zmian w poczuciu sensu życia w oparciu o prezentację autorskiego Modelu Osobowościowo-Aksjologicznego (MOA) w grupie dwóch pokoleń aktorów polskich. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań podłużnych i zastosowanych analiz stwierdzono istnienie wpływu zmiennych pochodzących z obszaru kompetencji, relacji i autonomii (składowe MOA), na sfery poczucia sensu życia (afirmacja życia, akceptacja siebie, świadomość celu, poczucie wolności, ocena przyszłości, stosunek wobec śmierci). Ciekawym zagadnieniem okazała się sama zawarto…

Aktiivinen elää pidempään : fyysinen aktiivisuus, sydänsairaudet ja kokonaiskuolleisuus iäkkäillä ihmisillä

2015

Personal activity intelligence and mortality : Data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2021

Importance Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a novel activity metric that can be integrated into self-assessment heart rate devices, and translates heart rate variations during exercise into a weekly score. Previous studies relating to PAI have been conducted in the same populations from Norway where the PAI metric has been derived, limiting generalizability of the results. Objective To test whether PAI is associated with total and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort from the United States. Design Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS) - a prospective cohort between January 1974 and December 2002 with a mean follow-up of 14.5 years. Setting Population-based. Participants 56,…

Job strain among blue-collar and white-collar employees as a determinant of total mortality: a 28-year population-based follow-up.

2012

Objectives To investigate the effect of job demand, job control and job strain on total mortality among white-collar and blue-collar employees working in the public sector. Design 28-year prospective population-based follow-up. Setting Several municipals in Finland. Participants 5731 public sector employees from the Finnish Longitudinal Study on Municipal Employees Study aged 44–58 years at baseline. Outcomes Total mortality from 1981 to 2009 among individuals with complete data on job strain in midlife, categorised according to job demand and job control: high job strain (high job demands and low job control), active job (high job demand and high job control), passive job (low job demand a…

Efficient design and modeling strategies for follow-up studies with time-varying covariates

2015

Epidemiological studies can often be designed in several ways, some of which may be more optimal than others. Possible designs may differ in the required resources or the ability to provide reliable answers to the questions under study. In addition, once the data are collected, the selected modeling approach may affect how efficiently the data are utilized. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate efficient designs and analysis meth ods in follow-up studies with longitudinal measurements. A key question is how to select optimally a subcohort for a new longitudinal covariate measurement if we cannot afford to measure the entire cohort. Another key question we consider is how to determine …

Investigating occupational well-being and leadership from a person-centred longitudinal approach: congruence of well-being and perceived leadership

2015

The overall objective of this longitudinal study was to investigate the association between perceived leadership and employee well-being from a person-centred approach utilizing the principles of the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513–524; Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6, 307–324). First, we aimed to identify latent classes (i.e., subgroups) of employees that demonstrated similar mean levels of stability and change in occupational well-being (i.e., vigour and emotional exhaustion) across a mean time…