Search results for "machine learning."
showing 10 items of 1455 documents
Cognitive Reasoning and Inferences through Psychologically based Personalised Modelling of Emotions Using Associative Classifiers
2014
The development of Microsoft Kinect opened up the research field of computational emotions to a wide range of applications, such as learning environments, which are excellent candidates to trial computational emotions based algorithms but were never feasible for given consumer technologies. Whilst Kinect is accessible and affordable technology it comes with its' own additional challenges such as the limited number of extracted Action Units (AUs). This paper presents a new approach that attempts at finding patterns of interaction between AUs and each other on one hand and patterns that link the related AUs to a given emotion. In doing so, this paper presents the ground work necessary to reac…
Evaluating Classifiers for Mobile-Masquerader Detection
2006
As a result of the impersonation of a user of a mobile terminal, sensitive information kept locally or accessible over the network can be abused. The means of masquerader detection are therefore needed to detect the cases of impersonation. In this paper, the problem of mobile-masquerader detection is considered as a problem of classifying the user behaviour as originating from the legitimate user or someone else. Different behavioural characteristics are analysed by designated one-class classifiers whose classifications are combined. The paper focuses on selecting the classifiers for mobile-masquerader detection. The selection process is conducted in two phases. First, the classification ac…
On the Generalizability of Programs Synthesized by Grammar-Guided Genetic Programming
2021
Grammar-guided Genetic Programming is a common approach for program synthesis where the user’s intent is given by a set of input/output examples. For use in real-world software development, the generated programs must work on previously unseen test cases too. Therefore, we study in this work the generalizability of programs synthesized by grammar-guided GP with lexicase selection. As benchmark, we analyze proportionate and tournament selection too. We find that especially for program synthesis problems with a low output cardinality (e.g., a Boolean output) lexicase selection overfits the training cases and does not generalize well to unseen test cases. An analysis using common software metr…
A Support Vector Machine Signal Estimation Framework
2018
Support vector machine (SVM) were originally conceived as efficient methods for pattern recognition and classification, and the SVR was subsequently proposed as the SVM implementation for regression and function approximation. Nowadays, the SVR and other kernel‐based regression methods have become a mature and recognized tool in digital signal processing (DSP). This chapter starts to pave the way to treat all the problems within the field of kernel machines, and presents the fundamentals for a simple, framework for tackling estimation problems in DSP using support vector machine SVM. It outlines the particular models and approximations defined within the framework. The chapter concludes wit…
Learning Bayesian Metanetworks from Data with Multilevel Uncertainty
2006
Managing knowledge by maintaining it according to dynamic context is among the basic abilities of a knowledge-based system. The two main challenges in managing context in Bayesian networks are the introduction of contextual (in)dependence and Bayesian multinets. We are presenting one possible implementation of a context sensitive Bayesian multinet-the Bayesian Metanetwork, which implies that interoperability between component Bayesian networks (valid in different contexts) can be also modelled by another Bayesian network. The general concepts and two kinds of such Metanetwork models are considered. The main focus of this paper is learning procedure for Bayesian Metanetworks.
Hybrid descriptive-inferential method for key feature selection in prostate cancer radiomics
2021
In healthcare industry 4.0, a big role is played by radiomics. Radiomics concerns the extraction and analysis of quantitative information not visible to the naked eye, even by expert operators, from biomedical images. Radiomics involves the management of digital images as data matrices, with the aim of extracting a number of morphological and predictive variables, named features, using automatic or semi-automatic methods. Multidisciplinary methods as machine learning and deep learning are fully involved in this field. However, the large number of features requires efficient and effective core methods for their selection, in order to avoid bias or misinterpretations problems. In this work, t…
How Quickly Can We Predict Users’ Ratings on Aesthetic Evaluations of Websites? Employing Machine Learning on Eye-Tracking Data
2020
This study examines how quickly we can predict users’ ratings on visual aesthetics in terms of simplicity, diversity, colorfulness, craftsmanship. To predict users’ ratings, first we capture gaze behavior while looking at high, neutral, and low visually appealing websites, followed by a survey regarding user perceptions on visual aesthetics towards the same websites. We conduct an experiment with 23 experienced users in online shopping, capture gaze behavior and through employing machine learning we examine how fast we can accurately predict their ratings. The findings show that after 25 s we can predict ratings with an error rate ranging from 9% to 11% depending on which facet of visual ae…
Automated quality control of next generation sequencing data using machine learning
2019
AbstractControlling quality of next generation sequencing (NGS) data files is a necessary but complex task. To address this problem, we statistically characterized common NGS quality features and developed a novel quality control procedure involving tree-based and deep learning classification algorithms. Predictive models, validated on internal data and external disease diagnostic datasets, are to some extent generalizable to data from unseen species. The derived statistical guidelines and predictive models represent a valuable resource for users of NGS data to better understand quality issues and perform automatic quality control. Our guidelines and software are available at the following …
Using System Dynamics to Model Student Performance in an Intelligent Tutoring System
2017
One basic adaptation function of an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) consists of selecting the most appropriate next task to be offered to the learner. This decision can be based on estimates, such as the expected performance of the student, or the probability that the student successfully solves each particular task. However, the computation of these values is intrinsically difficult, as they may depend on other complex latent variables that also need to be estimated from observable quantities, e.g. the current student's ability. In this work, we have used system dynamics to model learning and predict the student's performance in a given exercise, in an existing ITS that was developed to …
<title>Expanding context against weighted voting of classifiers</title>
2000
In the paper we propose a new method to integrate the predictions of multiple classifiers for Data Mining and Machine Learning tasks. The method assumes that each classifier stands in it's own context, and the contexts are partially ordered. The order is defined by monotonous quality function that maps each context to the value from the interval [0,1]. The classifier that has the context with better quality is supposed to predict better than the classifier from worse quality. The objective is to generate the opinion of `virtual' classifier that stands in the context with quality equal to 1. This virtual classifier must have the best accuracy of predictions due to the best context. To do thi…