Search results for "macrophage"
showing 10 items of 781 documents
Sorafenib, but not sunitinib, affects function of dendritic cells and induction of primary immune responses
2008
AbstractThe tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib are approved for the treatment of patients with malignant diseases. To analyze the possible use of these compounds in combination with immunotherapeutic approaches, we analyzed the effects of both inhibitors on the immunostimulatory capacity of human dendritic cells (DCs) and the induction of primary immune responses in vivo. Sorafenib, but not sunitinib, inhibits function of DCs, characterized by reduced secretion of cytokines and expression of CD1a, major histocompatibility complex, and costimulatory molecules in response to TLR ligands as well as by their impaired ability to migrate and stimulate T-cell responses. These inhib…
Electrochemical sensor based on rGO/Au nanoparticles for monitoring H2O2 released by human macrophages
2021
Abstract Increased oxidative burden contributes to the pathogenesis of most inflammatory diseases and is associated with aging and chronic inflammation. Macrophages contribute to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within inflamed tissues. Currently, ROS generation is measured using fluorescent probes and colorimetric/fluorimetric biochemical assays. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) diffuses through the cell membrane and can be monitored in the extracellular space. Herein, we present a sensor for H2O2 detection released by cells in culture supernatants. H2O2 sensing performance was evaluated using chronoamperometric detection. A sensitivity of 0.0641 μA μM−1 cm−2 with a limit of detecti…
Dysidotronic acid, a new sesquiterpenoid, inhibits cytokine production and the expression of nitric oxide synthase.
2001
In a previous study, we reported a new bioactive sesquiterpenoid, named dysidotronic acid, to be a potent, selective human synovial phospholipase A(2) inhibitor. Dysidotronic acid is a novel, non-complex manoalide analogue lacking the pyranofuranone ring. We now investigate the effect of this compound on cytokine, nitric oxide and prostanoid generation on the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7, where it showed a dose-dependent inhibition with inhibitory concentration 50% values in the micromolar range. This effect was also confirmed in the mouse air pouch injected with zymosan. Dysidotronic acid inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta as well as the …
Freeze-fracture features of epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and phagocytic macrophages
1987
The freeze-fracture morphology of epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells (Langhans' type), and phagocytic macrophages was investigated. The intensely folded and interdigitating surface membranes of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells displayed no specialized areas of cell contact. The size of the intramembranous particles (IMP) and the fact that the area density of IMPs was higher in the cytoplasmic (P) faces than in the external (E) faces of the cell membranes agreed with observations in other eukaryotic cells. The area densities of the IMPs suggest lower transport rates of molecules across the cell membranes of granuloma cells than of certain epithelial cells. Small pi…
Polymeric Selectin Ligands Mimicking Complex Carbohydrates: From Selectin Binders to Modifiers of Macrophage Migration
2016
Novel polymeric cell adhesion inhibitors were developed in which the selectin tetrasaccharide sialyl-LewisX (SLeX ) is multivalently presented on a biocompatible poly(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (PHPMA) backbone either alone (P1) or in combination with O-sulfated tyramine side chains (P2). For comparison, corresponding polymeric glycomimetics were prepared in which the crucial "single carbohydrate" substructures fucose, galactose, and sialic acid side chains were randomly linked to the PHPMA backbone (P3 or P4 (O-sulfated tyramine)). All polymers have an identical degree of polymerization, as they are derived from the same precursor polymer. Binding assays to selectins, to activated endo…
Immunophenotype based on inflammatory cells, PD-1/PD-L1 signalling pathway and M2 macrophages predicts survival in gastric cancer
2020
Abstract Background Immune response against cancer has prognostic impact but its role in gastric cancer is poorly known. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic significance of immune cell score (CD3+, CD8+), tumour immune escape (PD-L1, PD-1) and immune tolerance (Clever-1). Methods After exclusion of Epstein-Barr virus positive (n = 4) and microsatellite instable (n = 6) tumours, the study included 122 patients with GC undergoing D2 gastrectomy. CD3+ and CD8+ based ICS, PD-L1, PD-1 and Clever-1 expressions were evaluated. Differences in survival were examined using Cox regression adjusted for confounders. The primary outcome was 5-year survival. Results The 5-year overall surviv…
Effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neutropenia and related morbidity induced by myelotoxic chemotherapy.
1990
Abstract purpose: A phase Ib/II clinical study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of recombinant human (rh) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating (GM-CSF) factor in attenuating neutropenia and associated morbidity caused by high-dose anticancer chemotherapy administered in the presence or absence of autologous bone marrow support. patients and methods: Twenty-two patients with various solid tumors and lymphoid neoplasias were treated with a single daily subcutaneous dose of rh GM-CSF (250/μg/m 2 ) 48 hours after receiving a second cycle of highly myelotoxic chemotherapy for a period of 10 days. Within-subject comparisons on neutropenia-related clinical and laboratory variables were m…
Gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, levofolinate, 5-fluorouracil, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-2 (GOLFIG) versus FOLFOX ch…
2013
The GOLFIG-2 phase III trial was designed to compare the immunobiological activity and antitumor efficacy of GOLFIG chemoimmunotherapy regimen with standard FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy in frontline treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. This trial was conceived on the basis of previous evidence of antitumor and immunomodulating activity of the GOLFIG regimen in mCRC. GOLFIG-2 is a multicentric open/ label phase III trial (EUDRACT: 2005-003458-81). Chemo-naive mCRC patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive biweekly standard FOLFOX-4 or GOLFIG [gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2, day 1); oxaliplatin (85 mg/m2, day 2); levofolinate (100 mg/m2, days 1-2), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (400…
Effect of Treatment with rhGM-CSF and Low-Dose Cytosine Arabinoside on Leukemic Blast Cells in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
1990
Treatment of patients having myelodysplastic a syndromes (MDS) with approaches such as differentiation induction, single cytostatic agents or supportive care only has, up to now, been rather unsuccessful. Aggressive chemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation is only suitable for a very small proportion of patients. Thus, there is a need for new therapeutic alternatives.
Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Neutropenia and Related Morbidity Induced by Myelotoxic Chemotherapy
1990
Myelosuppression-related neutropenia is the major side effect of most anticancer chemotherapy. Despite considerable improvements in supportive care due to the advent of a variety of new antibiotic combinations, infection remains the main risk arising during the neutropenic period that follows intensive chemotherapy for cancer [1]. In addition, neutropenia is the major obstacle to dose escalation, frequency of cytoreductive treatment, and thus to improved cancer control. Regarding reduction of the period of neutropenia and increase of the maximum tolerated dose of effective anticancer agents, autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) has recently offered new promise. However, as many as …