Search results for "magnitude"

showing 10 items of 501 documents

Electro-generation of H2O2 and abatement of organic pollutant in water by an electro-Fenton process in a microfluidic reactor

2013

The electro-generation of H2O2 and the abatement of the model organic pollutant Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in water by an electro-Fenton process were performed both in a conventional undivided macro cell and, for the first time, in a microfluidic reactor. Under optimized operative conditions, the reduction of oxygen in the microdevice gave rise, using graphite cathode, to a concentration of H2O2 of about 6 mM, one order of magnitude higher than that achieved in conventional cells. Similarly, when electro-Fenton was performed in the microfluidic reactor a dramatic increase of the abatement of COD was achieved with respect to that obtained in a conventional cell. Keywords: Wastewater treatments, Mic…

PollutantChemistryMicrofluidicschemistry.chemical_elementWastewater treatments Micro reactor Hydrogen peroxide Electro-Fenton Acid orange 7Settore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E TecnologicaOxygenCathodelaw.inventionlcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Industrial electrochemistrylcsh:QD1-999Chemical engineeringlawEnvironmental chemistryElectrochemistryGraphiteMicroreactorHydrogen peroxideOrder of magnitudelcsh:TP250-261Electrochemistry Communications
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Hydrogen sulfide measurements in air by passive/diffusive samplers and high-frequency analyzer: A critical comparison

2016

In this study, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) measurements in air carried out using (a) passive/diffusive samplers (Radiello® traps) and (b) a high-frequency (60 s) real-time analyzer (Thermo® 450i) were compared in order to evaluate advantages and limitations of the two techniques. Four different sites in urban environments (Florence, Italy) and two volcanic areas characterized by intense degassing of H2S-rich fluids (Campi Flegrei and Vulcano Island, Italy) were selected for such measurements. The concentrations of H2S generally varied over 5 orders of magnitude (from 101e103 mg/m3), the H2S values measured with the Radiello® traps (H2SR) being significantly higher than the average values measure…

PollutionSpectrum analyzerAir quality monitoring010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesOrders of magnitude (temperature)media_common.quotation_subjectHydrogen sulfideActive analyzersAnalytical chemistryPassive/diffusive samplers010501 environmental sciencesHydrogen sulphide01 natural sciencesAir quality monitoringchemistry.chemical_compoundGeochemistry and PetrologyEnvironmental Chemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmedia_commongeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryHydrogen sulfideGaseous contaminantsPollutionPassive/diffusive samplerchemistryVolcanoEnvironmental chemistryGaseous contaminantH2S in airActive analyzerApplied Geochemistry
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Torsional effects on the molecular polarizabilities of the benzothiazole (A)-benzobisthiazole (B) oligomer A-B13-A

1996

Abstract We outline a method for the calculation of multipole moments and molecular dipole-dipole ( ), dipole-quadrupole ( ), and quadrupole-quadrupole ( ) polarizabilities, which we have successfully applied to benzothiazole (A)-benzobisthiazole (B) oligomer A-B13-A. Three model rotational isomers have been characterized: (1) the fully planar (000) rotational isomer; (2) a conformation with each unit rotated 10° in the alternate direction (+−+), and (3) a rotational isomer with each unit rotated 10° in the same direction (+++). The dipole moment, μ , is smaller for isomers 000 and +−+ than for isomer +++. The calculation of , , and has been performed by use of the interacting induced dipol…

PolymersChemistryStatic ElectricityMolecular ConformationBiophysicsBiochemistryOligomerThiazolesCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundDipoleModels ChemicalSolubilityBenzothiazoleComputational chemistryComputer GraphicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPolarComputer SimulationBenzothiazolesPhysics::Chemical PhysicsSolubilityAnisotropyMultipole expansionOrder of magnitudeJournal of Molecular Graphics
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Determination of thermometric parameters from the conductance curve of the normal metal based tunnel junction array

1997

Abstract We propose a method for extracting thermometric parameters from the measured conductance curve, against bias voltage, of a tunnel junction array. Instead of fitting the whole theoretical conductance curve to the experiment, we perform several polynomial fits to selected bias regions. The advantages of this method is that polynomial fits are linear in their fitting parameters whereas the theoretical form for the conductance is inherently nonlinear. This way the proposed method is about three orders of magnitude faster than the nonlinear fit. Optimizing this polynomial fit procedure is discussed.

Polynomial regressionMathematical optimizationPolynomialNonlinear systemHardware and ArchitectureTunnel junctionOrders of magnitude (temperature)Mathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyConductanceBiasingMathematicsComputer Physics Communications
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Polymer Solidification under Pressure and High Cooling Rates

2000

Abstract Polymer solidification under processing conditions is a complex phenomenon in which the kinetics of flow, high thermal gradients and high pressures determine the product morphology. The study of polymer structure formed under pressure has been mainly made using conventional techniques such as dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry under isothermal conditions or non isothermal conditions but at cooling rates several orders of magnitude lower than those experienced in industrial processes. A new equipment has been recently developed and improved to study the crystallization of polypropylene when subjected to pressure and cooled rapidly. An experimental apparatus essentiall…

Polypropylenechemistry.chemical_classificationSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrders of magnitude (temperature)General Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryPolymerIndentation hardnessIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringIsothermal processlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetrychemistryOptical microscopelawPolymer solidificationMaterials ChemistryComposite materialCrystallization
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A K s -band-selected catalogue of objects in the ALHAMBRA survey

2016

The original ALHAMBRA catalogue contained over 400 000 galaxies selected using a synthetic F814W image, to the magnitude limit AB(F814W) ≈ 24.5. Given the photometric redshift depth of the ALHAMBRA multiband data (〈 z〉 = 0.86) and the approximately I-band selection, there is a noticeable bias against red objects at moderate redshift.We avoid this bias by creating a new catalogue selected in the Ks band. This newly obtained catalogue is certainly shallower in terms of apparent magnitude, but deeper in terms of redshift, with a significant population of red objects at z > 1. We select objects using the Ks band images, which reach an approximate AB magnitude limit Ks ≈ 22. We generate masks an…

PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsApproxSurveys01 natural sciencesPhotometry (optics)Apparent magnitude0103 physical sciencesobservations [Cosmology]education010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhotometric redshiftPhysicseducation.field_of_study010308 nuclear & particles physicsCosmology: observationsAstronomyGalaxies: evolutionAstronomy and AstrophysicsAB magnitudeevolution [Galaxies]Astrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesGalaxyRedshiftSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Feasibility of D-D start-up under realistic technological assumptions for EU-DEMO

2021

Abstract One of the main issues in view of the realization of a DEMOnstration fusion reactor is the availability of a sufficient external supply of tritium (T) to start operation. T is an unstable nuclide, which is almost absent in nature and is currently available as by-product in e.g. CANDU, whose operation in the next decades (both in terms of life extension of existing reactors and construction of new ones) is at the moment under debate. During DEMO operation, T will be generated on-site by breeding blanket, employing the neutrons originating from D-T reaction. However, it is considered that a certain initial amount of T is needed to start operation, the so-called start-up inventory. An…

Power stationComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringFusion powerBlanketStart up7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasMoment (mathematics)Nuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceNuclide010306 general physicsRealization (systems)Order of magnitudeCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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The ALHAMBRA survey: Discovery of a faint QSO at z = 5.41

2013

[Aims]: We aim to illustrate the potentiality of the Advanced Large, Homogeneous Area, Medium-Band Redshift Astronomical (ALHAMBRA) survey to investigate the high-redshift universe through the detection of quasi stellar objects (QSOs) at redshifts higher than 5. [Methods]: We searched for QSOs candidates at high redshift by fitting an extensive library of spectral energy distributions-including active and non-active galaxy templates, as well as stars-to the photometric database of the ALHAMBRA survey (composed of 20 optical medium-band plus the 3 broad-band JHKs near-infrared filters). [Results]: Our selection over ≈1 square degree of ALHAMBRA data (∼1/4 of the total area covered by the sur…

QSOSAbsolute magnitudeCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)active [Galaxies]Young stellar objectContinuum (design consultancy)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsLuminosityhigh-redshift [Galaxies]emission lines [Quasars]Galaxies: distances and redshiftsdistances and redshifts [Galaxies]Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsQuasars: emission linesGalaxies: high-redshiftGalaxies: evolutiongeneral [Quasars]Astronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxies: activeevolution [Galaxies]RedshiftGalaxyQuasars: generalBlack holeSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Room-temperature polariton luminescence from a bulk GaN microcavity

2006

We report strong exciton-photon coupling at room temperature in a hybrid high quality bulk 3 lambda/2 GaN cavity with a bottom lattice-matched AlInN/AlGaN distributed Bragg reflector through angle-resolved polarized photoluminescence (PL). Coupling of the optically active free excitons (X-A, X-B, and X-C) to the cavity mode is demonstrated, with their contribution to the PL spectra varying with polarization. Under TE polarization, exciton oscillator strengths for X-A and X-B are about one order of magnitude larger than in bulk GaAs. Photoluminescence exhibits a strong bottleneck effect despite its thermal lineshape.

QUANTUM MICROCAVITYPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceExcitonSEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITIESPhysics::Opticslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLASERSlawPolaritonCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsDistributed Bragg reflectorPolarization (waves)LaserMicrocavitiesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsexciton-polariton condensatesOptoelectronicsbusinessLuminescenceOrder of magnitudepolaritonsPhysical Review B
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Solvent-induced free energy landscape and solute-solvent dynamic coupling in a multielement solute

1999

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations using a simple multielement model solute with internal degrees of freedom and accounting for solvent-induced interactions to all orders in explicit water are reported. The potential energy landscape of the solute is flat in vacuo. However, the sole untruncated solvent-induced interactions between apolar (hydrophobic) and charged elements generate a rich landscape of potential of mean force exhibiting typical features of protein landscapes. Despite the simplicity of our solute, the depth of minima in this landscape is not far in size from free energies that stabilize protein conformations. Dynamical coupling between configurational switching of the syst…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesProtein ConformationChemistryBiophysicsDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)ProteinsEnergy landscapeMolecular Dynamics SimulationSolventMolecular dynamicsCoupling (computer programming)Chemical physicsComputational chemistrySolventsThermodynamicsProtein foldingPotential of mean forceHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsOrder of magnitudeResearch Article
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