Search results for "majority"
showing 10 items of 33 documents
On Distinguishing between Reliable and Unreliable Sensors Without a Knowledge of the Ground Truth
2015
In many applications, data from different sensors are aggregated in order to obtain more reliable information about the process that the sensors are monitoring. However, the quality of the aggregated information is intricately dependent on the reliability of the individual sensors. In fact, unreliable sensors will tend to report erroneous values of the ground truth, and thus degrade the quality of the fused information. Finding strategies to identify unreliable sensors can assist in having a counter-effect on their respective detrimental influences on the fusion process, and this has has been a focal concern in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to propose a solution to an extreme…
On Solving the Problem of Identifying Unreliable Sensors Without a Knowledge of the Ground Truth: The Case of Stochastic Environments.
2017
The purpose of this paper is to propose a solution to an extremely pertinent problem, namely, that of identifying unreliable sensors (in a domain of reliable and unreliable ones) without any knowledge of the ground truth. This fascinating paradox can be formulated in simple terms as trying to identify stochastic liars without any additional information about the truth. Though apparently impossible, we will show that it is feasible to solve the problem, a claim that is counterintuitive in and of itself. One aspect of our contribution is to show how redundancy can be introduced, and how it can be effectively utilized in resolving this paradox. Legacy work and the reported literature (for exam…
Modelling Dependencies Between Classifiers in Mobile Masquerader Detection
2004
The unauthorised use of mobile terminals may result in an abuse of sensitive information kept locally on the terminals or accessible over the network. Therefore, there is a need for security means capable of detecting the cases when the legitimate user of the terminal is substituted. The problem of user substitution detection is considered in the paper as a problem of classifying the behaviour of the person interacting with the terminal as originating from the user or someone else. Different aspects of behaviour are analysed by designated one-class classifiers whose classifications are subsequently combined. A modification of majority voting that takes into account some of the dependencies …
A multiscale approach to automatic and unsupervised retinal vessel segmentation using Self-Organizing Maps
2016
In this paper an automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation is described. Self-Organizing Map, modified Fuzzy C-Means, STAPLE algorithms and majority voting strategy were adopted to identify a segmentation of the retinal vessels. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on the DRIVE database.
An Algorithm for Discretization of Real Value Attributes Based on Interval Similarity
2013
Discretization algorithm for real value attributes is of very important uses in many areas such as intelligence and machine learning. The algorithms related to Chi2 algorithm (includes modified Chi2 algorithm and extended Chi2 algorithm) are famous discretization algorithm exploiting the technique of probability and statistics. In this paper the algorithms are analyzed, and their drawback is pointed. Based on the analysis a new modified algorithm based on interval similarity is proposed. The new algorithm defines an interval similarity function which is regarded as a new merging standard in the process of discretization. At the same time, two important parameters (condition parameterαand ti…
Ethical Considerations in Crowdfunding
2020
AbstractThe current chapter addresses ethical issues in crowdfunding practice from a multiple stakeholder perspective. It draws on ethical principles outlined in both classical and business-specific approaches. The discussion first presents classical approaches to ethical decision making. It then discusses whether crowdfunding presents an ethical solution or a source of ethical problems. Later, it suggests a framework presenting a classification of potential ethical dilemmas and pitfalls in crowdfunding practice, as well as potential means for addressing them. The discussion concludes with concrete implications for crowdfunding ethics research and practice.
CN2-R: Faster CN2 with randomly generated complexes
2011
Among the rule induction algorithms, the classic CN2 is still one of the most popular ones; a great amount of enhancements and improvements to it is to witness this. Despite the growing computing capacities since the algorithm was proposed, one of the main issues is resource demand. The proposed modification, CN2-R, substitutes the star concept of the original algorithm with a technique of randomly generated complexes in order to substantially improve on running times without significant loss in accuracy.
Constitutional Implications of electoral assumptions
2001
International audience
DIRITTI UMANI UNIVERSALI E SFIDE EDUCATIVE INTERCULTURALI NELLA TARDA EPOCA DELLA MODERNITÀ
2018
L’attuale fase storica post-moderna è attraversata da profonde trasformazioni globali. Notiamo, soprattutto nei paesi di antica tradizione, come l’Italia, l’affermarsi di nuove idee sovrane di democrazia maggioritaria, le quali rivendicano il diritto della maggioranza di decidere a prescindere dai vincoli giuridici internazionali istituiti dopo la seconda guerra mondiale. A tal riguardo, nel mese di dicembre del 2018 si è celebrato il 70esimo anniversario della Dichiarazione Universale dei Diritti Umani, adottata nel dicembre del 1948 dall’Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite. Dal punto di vista della riflessione pedagogica, sappiamo che l’Assemblea delle Nazioni Unite ha posto in rilievo…
PS-039 DokuPIK – Pharmaceutical interventions: Do ward pharmacists know how to document?
2014
Background The internet-based categorical, hierarchical documentation system for routine pharmaceutical interventions (PIs) DokuPIK is widely used especially among German ward-based pharmacists. Purpose To conduct a survey-based study on its clinical usability. Materials and methods Out of 498 registered DokuPIK users, 37 volunteered to independently evaluate 24 standardised case reports 1 between 01–03 2012. Case evaluation was restricted to the reason for PI and was performed based on 26 given survey items with no limit on the number of items chosen. Ratings were conducted electronically and anonymously. In order to define meaningful reference item selections, majority decisions made by 5…