Search results for "malnutrition."

Ageing and COPD affect different domains of nutritional status: the ECCE study

2010

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ageing may contribute to malnutrition. We aimed to explore whether COPD and ageing determine malnutrition in different manners. 460 stable COPD outpatients (376 males and 84 females) from the Extrapulmonary Consequences of COPD in the Elderly (ECCE) study database were investigated (age 75.0±5.9 yrs; forced expiratory volume in 1 s 54.7±18.3% predicted). Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment® (MNA) questionnaire. From the MNA, three scores exploring the domains of the nutritional status were calculated: body composition, energy intake and body functionality scores. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lun…

Risk and Complication Management in Esophageal Cancer Surgery: A Review of the Literature

2015

Esophagectomy for cancer is a highly complex and demanding two-cavity procedure associated with a considerable morbidity and mortality. There are several controversies with regard to the optimal risk and complication management. Strategies include patient selection, optimization of malnutrition, hospital and surgeon volume, intraoperative anesthesiological and surgical measures, and postoperative management of complications. In this article, we review the literature on these aspects that have an impact on outcomes after esophagectomy.

Drought-related cholera outbreaks in Africa and the implications for climate change: a narrative review.

2021

ABSTRACT Africa has historically seen several periods of prolonged and extreme droughts across the continent, causing food insecurity, exacerbating social inequity and frequent mortality. A known consequence of droughts and their associated risk factors are infectious disease outbreaks, which are worsened by malnutrition, poor access to water, sanitation and hygiene and population displacement. Cholera is a potential causative agent of such outbreaks. Africa has the highest global cholera burden, several drought-prone regions and high levels of inequity. Despite this, research on cholera and drought in Africa is lacking. Here, we review available research on drought-related cholera outbreak…

MALNUTRITION IS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION IN LONG-TERM CARE POPULATION

2018

Rationale: Frailty in elderly is a multifactorial syndrome and is associatet with an increased risk of poor health outcomes (falls, disability, hospital- ization and mortality), malnutrition and depression are the must impor- tant factors contributing to frailty. This study describes the application of multidimensional evaluation for the early identification of frailty in long- term care population.Methods: Clinical data from 100 long-term care inpatients (53 female and 47 male, mean age 69.6 years) were collected at the ARNAS Civico- DiCristina-Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy. Each inpatient had undergone a multidimensional assessment through a multiprofessional team. Nutri- tional state was a…

Inactivity-induced oxidative stress: A central role in age-related sarcopenia?

2012

Ageing causes a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass that may lead to decreased strength and functionality. The term sarcopenia is especially used to characterise this geriatric syndrome. Numerous conditions and behaviours are considered to accelerate the progression of sarcopenia such as chronic diseases, malnutrition and physical inactivity. As people in modern countries are more and more sedentary, the impact of physical inactivity on the prevalence of sarcopenia might be more and more important in the future. In this review, we discuss how reactive oxygen species (ROS) could mediate the effects of lifelong inactivity in the onset and progression of age-related sarcopenia. Althoug…

BPCO E OSTEOPOROSI

2013

COPD and osteoporosis are frequently associated because they have common risk factors, including age, smoking habits and reduced physical activity. COPD is also characterized by systemic inflammation, malnutrition (up to cachexia), hypovitaminosis D, and the use of local and systemic corticosteroids, all of which could cause deterioration in bone quality with a consequent increase in fragility fractures. These fractures may further impair mobility and increase disability and mortality. The vertebral and rib fractures can directly further affect lung function and promote exacerbations. As a result, the assessment of fracture risk in patients with COPD is of vital importance from the earliest…

BIOELECTRICAL PHASE ANGLE ON HOSPITAL ADMISSION AS PREDICTOR OF SHORT- AND MIDDLE-TERM MORTALITY IN ELDERLY MEDICAL PATIENTS.

2013

Celiac disease in older persons: A case of seronegative disease

2017

A 68-year-old man with a history of smoking (former smoker of 40 cigarettes per day), euthyroid goiter, deep vein thrombosis and depression, came to our attention for weakness, cachexia, abdominal bloating and diarrhea lasting for almost six months. Furthermore, he had lost about 25 kilograms of weight in the last year and was bedridden for three months. Combining the results of serological, histopathological and genetic tests, he was diagnosed with a seronegative celiac disease. Gluten-free diet, combined with nutritional supplements and physical therapy, improved his clinical condition and allowed the recovery of weight and the walking ability. Celiac disease might be suspected in elderly…

IL PAZIENTE ANZIANO CON FRATTURA DI FEMORE: VALUTAZIONE E SUPPORTO NUTRIZIONALE

2013

Osteoporosis in the elderly population is a major health problem worldwide, because it is associated with fragility fractures with consequent financial burden for health systems. Europe and North America are the regions where half of all hip fractures among elderly people occurred today, with Scandinavian countries reporting the highest incidence worldwide. Undernutrition, particularly protein malnutrition, is frequent in elderly with osteoporotic hip fracture, although, the role of dietary protein intake in osteoporosis remains controversial. Poor nutritional status is associated with higher comorbidity indices, mortality and readmissions in patients with femoral fracture. Another crucial …

RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN A SAMPLE OF NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

2016

Malnutrition is highly prevalent in geriatric populations, particularly in persons living in Nursing Homes (NH). Inadequate nutrition is one of the main risk factors for the onset of frailty and may contribute to the subsequent development of disability and mortality among NH residents. An optimal nutritional status and, wherever necessary, supplementation with macronutrients and micronutrients, may reduce the risk of mortality. Dementia is also prevalent among NH residents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between mortality, and several risk factors and clinical characteristics of NH residents, including disability, nutritional status, and cognitive decline in …